• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.110-114
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• 1994

In searching for new insecticidal compounds from soil microorganisms, strains of streptomyces species showed insecticidal activities on Musca domestica and Bombyx mori were selected. Compounds I-IV, which were isolated from the metabolites of no. 46 strain, were identified as piericidin $C_1$, $C_2$, $C_3$ and $D_1$, respectively by UV and NMR data analyses.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 2010

The quantitative sensory profiles of rice wines made with nuruks using eight different cereal ingredients were developed using sensory descriptive analysis. Two appearances, eight aromas, eight flavors and tastes, and two mouthfeel related sensory attributes were evaluated by a panel of 10 judges. The sample made of black rice nuruk had the highest intensity in red color, while the other samples had similar ranges in yellow color. The mean sensory intensities of the samples prepared with black rice and glutinous rice nuruks were high in 'sweet', 'fruit taste', 'pungent', and 'sour', while those samples prepared using non-glutinous rice, buckwheat, hull-less barley, unpolished rice nuruks had overall high intensities in 'grain', 'fermented aroma', 'bitter', and 'astringent' attributes. Based on the principal component analysis of the descriptive data, samples were primarily separated along the first principal component, which accounted for 53% of the total variance between the rice wines with high intensities of 'red color', 'sweet', and 'fruit taste' versus 'bitter', 'astringent', and 'yellow color'.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.1 s.109
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• pp.25-37
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• 2005

This study was carried out to examine the optimal cultural condition in enzyme activities of CMCase, FPase and xylanase in selected strains which secret extracellular enzymes for using deinking agent to old newsprint. The results of this study were as follow: The production of enzyme by Bacillus pumilus I was maximal as grown on the medium, containing of rice bran+xylan $2.0\%$, peptone $0.8\%,\;K_2HPO_4\;0.1\%\;and\;CaCl_2\;0.06\%$ at pH 8.0 and $28^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours. Optimal cultural condition of B. subtilis I was avicel+xylan $3.5\%,\;urea\;0.4\%,\;K_3PO_4\;0.1\%\;and\;CaCl_2\;0.015\%$ at pH 9.0 and $28^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours. The maximal enzyme production was observed in the medium, containing of avicel+xylan $3.5\%,\;urea\;1.6\%\;and\; K_2HPO_4\;0.125\%$ with pH 9.0 when B. pumilus II was cultured at $28^{\circ}C$ for 60 hours. The production of enzyme by B. subtilis IT was maximal as grown on the medium, containing of xylan $2.0\%,\;yeast\; extract\;0.6\%,\;K_2HPO_4\;0.1\%\;and\;ZnSO_4\;0.04\%$ at pH 8.0 and $34^{\circ}C$ for 36 hours. The activities of FPase and xylanase in tested 4 strains were not much different with Thermomonospora fusca.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.98-105
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• 1985

In the sheep and cattle's rumen, facultative anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria were isolated by using Hungate's roll tube technique. In the 21 isolated species, one was screened by its strong cellulolytic activity and identified as Cellulomonas fimi C-14 by investigate morphological, cultural, physiological characteristics and electron microgram. Optimum conditions of the cell growth and enzyme production were pH 6.5 an $30^{\circ}C$, Thiamine and biotin support a good growth of C. fimi C-14. In the enzyme activities, Crystalline cellulose hydrolyzing activity, CMCase activity and ${\beta}-glucosidase$ activity were 20.6, 226.6 and 0.56$(unit{\times}10^3/ml)$ at pH 6.0, $40^{\circ}C$. By addition of fungal cellulase, enzyme activity was increased. Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation is better than two step fermentation in ethanol yield with Saccharomyces cerevisiae DY2.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 1992

For the selection of powerful antagonistic bacterium for biological control of soil borne Eminia carotovora subsp. carotovora causing rot of vegetable, excellent strains (S4, S14, 565) were selected from 1,196 strains of bacteria which were isolated from rhizosphere in vegetable root rot-suppresive soil. Strains were identified to be Pseudomonas species with Api 20NE kit. Antagonistic substance was produced in 523 synthetic broth medium at pH 7~8 and $30^{\circ}C$ during 3 days culture. The substance was stable in the pH range of 6 to 9. When the basal medium was supplemented with mannitol and sorbitol as carbon source and calcium chloride as metal salt, the production of the inhibitory substance was increased. The inhibitory acitivity was increased by the addition of fertilizer in soil. The isolated strains were resistant to the agricultural chemical such as benomyl and fosethyl-Al-folpet, and the antibiotics such as penicillin and lincomycin. We had found that Pseudomonas sp. S14 strain had a single plasmid. After treated with acridin orange for curing, we confirmed the existence of antagonistic gene in the chromosomal DNA.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2005

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated immature embryo transformation was used to produce transgenic maize. Immature embryo of Hi II genotype were co-cultivated with strains Agrobacterium tumefaciens (C58C1) containing the binary vectors (pPTN290) carrying with Ubiquitin promoter-GUS gene as reporter gene and NOS promoter-nptll gene conferring resistance to paromomycin as selective agent. Seven embryogenic callus lines transformed showed the resistance in paromomycin antibiotics. Histochemical GUS assay showed that 7 individual lines transformed with the GUS gene were positive response among the transformants. Southern blot analysis revealed that the nptll gene segregated and expressed in their progeny.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-41
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• 2003

Bacterial soft rot by Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora is one of the diseases causing the biggest damages in Chinese cabbage cultivation. This study was conducted to evaluate disease resistance of Chinese cabbage cultivars and breeding lines to E. carotovora subsp. carotovora by new inoculation method, mineral oil inoculation method, inoculating 10 ml of the mixture (4:1, v/v) of bacterial suspension and mineral oil on the central bases of Chinease cabbage seedling. Total 43 Chinese cabbage cultivars and lines obtained from 3 domestic seed companies and universities were screened for disease resistance using the above mentioned inoculation method. This screening test showed that Chinese cabbage C3-26, C3-28, C3-29 and C29-51-51-53 lines were resistant, Gangta, Gumchonyealgali, Mini, DB50, Jibu, Pyungchng, Sanchon and Yellow King No.2 cultivars were susceptible, and the others were moderate resistant.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.47-60
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• 2002

'Probiotics' as a live microbial feed supplementation which beneficially affects the host animal by improving its microbial balance and it is known to as a substitue for antibiotics in livestock feed industry. Lactic acid bacteria as a Lactobacillus sp. is formed acid and decrease pH in gastro-intestine that is result in suppress harmful microorganism. Lactobacillus sp. also produces vitamin and a variety amino acids. Yeast as a saccharomyces sp. secretes digestive enzymes, decreases ammonia emission and increases feed palatability by alcohol and glutamic acid. The effects of dietary probiotics in monogastric animals that improve weight gain and feed efficiency ratio and decrease diarrhea accurence frequency in pigs. Also, probiotics increase egg production ratio and beneficial microorganisms in laying hens. In broiler, they have more gain weight and lower blood cholesterol concentrations by probiotics. However, the other study reported probiotics supplementation in animal diets has no effect on ADG, G/F or performance. Thus, future study in these area will allow for more efficient use of the probiotics, selection of more superior microorganism and development of more efficient environment-friendly probiotics like a photosynthetic bacteria.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.99-106
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• 1999

In order to acquire microbial agents that can be utilized for biological control of bitter rot(Glomerella cingulata), the major airborne disease to apple, the effective microorganisms were isolated, tested for antagonistic activity to the pathogen. Through the screening of more than 1,000 species of microorganisms collected in nature, 11 species of antagonists were selected. On of the 11 species, one species designated as CH141 demonstrated outstanding activity. The bacterial strain, CH1141 exerted antagonistic efficiency of 65% on Glomerella cingulata. The CH1141 was identified as a bacterial strain to Bacillus subtilis based on morphology, culture conditions, and physiobiochemical characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.746-749
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• 2002

From 7 different medicinal herbs, Rubus coreanus miquel, Therminalia chebula Retz and Rhus javanica was selected by paper disk method against 10 different microorganisms. The ethanol extracts of selected herbs was added into Tofu, and the total viable cell counts was determined. After 4 days, total viable cell count reached to $10^7$ and the Tofu putrefacted. The tested sample added with 0.01% of Terminalia Chebula Retz extract, the shelf-life was extended as 108.8%, with 0.05% was 117.3% and with 0.1% was 132.6%. Among 3 kinds of medicinal herb, Therminalia chebula Retz has better powerful activity than others.