• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.90-93
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• 1997

고주파 반응성 스퍼터링 방법을 사용하여 희토류가 첨가된 SiO$_2$ 박막을 제작하여 특성을 조사하여, 양질의 희토류 원소가 첨가된 SiO$_2$ 박막의 최적의 제작조건을 도출하고 Er-Al:SiO$_2$ 박막의 소자웅용 가능성에 대하여 조사하였다 열처리전의 Er의 농도는 EDS(Energy dispersing x-ray spectrometer)로 측정한 결과 0.77% 로 농도를 나타내었고 코아층 첨가된 Er은 균일하게 분포되었다 크레드층의 굴절률은 633nm의 파장에서 측정하였을때 1.458이였고 코아층의 굴절률은 동일 파장에서 1.757이였다. 굴절률 분포도 (Refractive Index Profile)는 계단형 굴절률 분포로 코아층/클래드 굴절률 차 $\Delta$n$_{ESI}$ = 0.1였다.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

This study was conducted to develop a precision automatic irrigation system in a nursery by considering the problems and improvements of manual and the conventional automatic irrigation system. The amount of irrigated water between the conventional automatic irrigation system and manual irrigation was 28.7 ± 4.4 g and 14.2 ± 4.3 g, respectively, and the coefficient of variation was less than 30%. However, the coefficient of variation of the conventional automatic irrigation system of 15%, was higher than that of manual irrigation of 30%. The irrigation test using the developed uniform irrigation system attached with the nozzle of a spray angle 80° and most highest uniformity was at height 600 mm. And coefficient of variation of the irrigation uniformity at the center part was within 20%, but irrigation amount of the edge part was lower 50% and over compared to the center part. As a result of a tomato grafting seedling cultivation test using the developed uniform irrigation system, the average plant height of seedling at the edge part was 28 mm but plant height at the center part was higher as 72 mm. Therefore, it was necessary to apply additional irrigation device at the edge part. The irrigation uniformity of the edge concentrated irrigation system was investigated that the irrigation amount of the edge part was irrigated by more than 50% compared with the center part, and coefficient of variation of the irrigation amount at the center part was less than 30%. As a result of a cucumber grafting seedling cultivation test using the edge concentrated irrigation system, the plant height of seedlings in the edge and central part of cultivation bed were 24% and 26%, respectively, so irrigation uniformity was higher then the uniform irrigation system. In order to improve the uniformity of seedlings, it is necessary to adjust the height of boom according to the growth of the seedling by installing a distance sensor in the overhead watering and boom irrigation system.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.119-128
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• 2005

An annular flume has been constructed in order to estimate the erosion rate of fine cohesive sediments. Under an uniform bed condition, some erosion tests for Kaolinite sediments have been conducted to examine the performance of the flume and to check the validity of experimental method and results. In this study, the critical shear stress for erosion and the erosion rate coefficient are estimated and compared with the existing measurements. It is concluded that the performance of the annular flume is good enough to conduct erosion tests and the experimental method and results are valid.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.54-55
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• 2002

장주기 광섬유격자는 센서 시스템의 센싱 부분과 광통신 시스템에서의 여러 가지 필터 등 다양한 응용분야에서 연구되어져 왔다. 이러한 장주기 격자는 광섬유의 코어에 균일한 굴절률 변화를 인가했을때 다음과 같은 위상정합조건(phase matching condition)을 만족하는 투과 스펙트럼을 보인다. (중략)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.495-496
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• 2013

• Water for future
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.175-189
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• 1995

Pipe design normally requires pump power, discharge rate or pipe diameter for each condition given. Due to several investigators the pipe friction factor can now be estimated by explicit way when the flow condition is provided. In various problems of pipe design, however, the flow condition cannot be pre-determined even for the uniformly rough pipe. In these cases a lot of iterations are often required to have an accurate solution with ordinary approach. This paper presents the explicit way of estimating the discharge rate and pipe diameter without any iteration process being related to non-dimensional physical numbers, power-diameter number, power-discharge number, and discharge-slope number, which enable to develop explicit forms of equations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.7-14
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• 2010

This study investigated the effect on reducing the pressure rise rate(PRR) in HCCI Engine by the variation of mixing ratio in the pre-mixture of DME and n-Butane that has different auto-ignition characteristics. In addition to measure of gas pressure in the engine cylinder, chemiluminescence image using the optical accessible engine and numerical analysis with multi-zones model were used to assess the combustion at each local area in the combustion chamber. The maximum PRR changes depending on mixing condition of DME and n-Butane. When DME is stratified and n-Butane is distributed uniformly, maximum PRR becomes lowest which is about 0.25MPa/ms and it corresponds to 5deg. retarding of CA50.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.183-190
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• 2019

This paper introduces a near-tip grid refinement and explores its usefulness in the crack analysis by the natural element method(NEM). As a sort of local h-refinement in finite element method(FEM), a NEM grid is locally refined around the crack tip showing high stress singularity. This local grid refinement is completed in two steps in which grid points are added and Delaunay triangles sharing the crack tip node are divided. A plane strain rectangular plate with symmetric edge cracks is simulated to validate the proposed local grid refinement and to examine its usefulness in the crack analysis. The crack analysis is also simulated using a uniform NEM grid for comparison. Unlike the uniform grid, the refined grid provides near-tip stress distributions similar to the analytic solutions and the fine grid. In addition, the refined grid shows higher convergence than the uniform grid, the global relative error to the total number of grid points.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.230-235
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• 2010

In this paper, we controlled the deposition rate and reflective index with process conditions that are TCP power, gas flow ratio and bias for optical properties of $SiO_2$ thin film using TCP-CVD equipment. We obtained a excellent $SiO_2$ thin film which has a excellent uniformity (<1 [%]), deposition rate (0.28 [${\mu}m$/ min]) and reflective index (1.4610-1.4621) within 4" wafer with process conditions ($SiH_4:O_2$=50 : 100 [sccm], TCP power 1 [kW], bias 200 [W]) at [$300^{\circ}C$].

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.312-313
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• 2000

공간솔리톤(spatial soliton)은 빔이 매질을 진행할 때 자기집속 효과(self-focusing effect) 와 자기확산 효과(self-defocusing effect)에 의해서 회절이 보상되어 형성된다. Kerr 매질에서는 굴절률의 변화가 빔의 세기에 비례하하므로 솔리톤을 발생시키기 위해서는 수 MW/$ extrm{cm}^2$ 이상인 빔의 세기가 요구된다. 광굴절 매질은 광굴절효과에 의해서 굴절률의 변화로 공간솔리톤을 발생시킨다. 비균일한 빔이 매질에 입사되면 전도대로 여기된 free carrier가 분포 차이에 의해서 확산이 일어나게 된다. 그리고 외부에서 걸어준 전기장 및 광기전력 효과로 인한 drift가 일어나게 되고 이것에 의해 생긴 공간 전하장(space charge field)에 의하여 굴절률의 변화가 생긴다. (중략)