• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.776-782
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• 1995

The effects of alum$(Al{\cdot}K(SO_4)_2{\cdot}12H_{2}O)$ on the rheological properties of $3{\sim}9%(w/v)$ gelatinized solutions of nonwaxy and waxy rice starches were investigated to evaluate the possibility of utilizing a starch modifying agent. Gelatinized non-waxy and waxy rice starch solutions showed a pseudoplastic flow behavior with yield stress. Pseudoplasticity of two rice starch solutions increased by the addition of alum$(0.05{\sim}1.0%,\;w/w)$. Alum increased the yield stresses and consistency indexes of two rice starches and these values decreased with increasing starch concentration. Also, alum(0.5%, w/w) increased the flow activation energy of gelatinized waxy rice starch solution and activation energy decreased with increasing waxy rice starch concentration in the range of $3{\sim}7%(w/v)$, but for the nonwaxy rice starch, activation energy decreased at starch concentration of 7%(w/v). From the above results, it was found that alum had the possibility of utilizing a modifying agent for the rheological property of gelatinized starch solution.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.133-145
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to identify the relation between preservice teachers' philosophical views on science and types of responses to alternative hypotheses. To identify preservice teachers' philosophical views on science, the extraterrestrial impact theory and the volcano-greenhouse theory, alternative hypotheses related to dinosaur extinction were administered to 37 elementary preservice teachers and 52 secondary preservice teachers. Subjects were required to write down their ideas before and after reading the alternative hypotheses, and then the dimensions of responses to initial ideas were analyzed. To analyze, Soh's Philosophical Perspectives Prove(PPP) was used. The results of this study were as follows: (a) elementary and secondary preservice teachers' philosophical views on science corresponds to eclecticism, (b) the main types of responses were partial theory change in elementary preservice teachers and rejection in secondary preservice teachers, (c) preservice teachers' philosophical views on science and types of responses were eclecticism-partial theory change in elementary preservice teachers and eclecticism-rejection in secondary preservice teachers.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.23-42
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• 2020

Objectives : This study is designed to analyze the outpatients who received medical treatments for ear diseases in ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic of Daejeon Korean Medical Hospital from March, 2013 to February, 2019. Methods : We classified the otology outpatients who received medical treatments in ophthalmology & otolaryngology & dermatology clinic of Daejeon Korean Medical Hospital from March, 2012 to February, 2019 according to gender, year, age, season, anatomical parts, and main diagnosis. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Results : 1. The number of outpatients with ear diseases were 880; 505 female and 375 male. The number of female patients were approximately 1.7 times higher. 2. The average age of the outpatients with ear diseases were 50.0. The number of middle-aged (40-50s) patients were 439, which is almost half the number(49.9%) of the whole patients. 3. By analyzing the number of patients classified by year, we found out that the number of the outpatients with ear diseases has increased gradually for the past 7 years. 4. In the analysis of the number of patients classified by the anatomical parts of the ear, the inner ear diseases group were the largest, amounting to 79.3% of the whole patients. 5. In the analysis of the number of patients classified by main diagnosis, Tinnitus turns out to be the largest group with 338 patients, followed by sudden sensorineural hearing loss, dizziness, otalgia, Meniere's syndrome, otitis, auditory tube dysfunction, BPPV. 6. No statistical-significant difference were shown in the analysis of the number of patients classified by season. Conclusions : It turns out that patients with ear diseases had increased by the years, and middle aged patients (40-50s) were the largest among the age groups. Most of the patients came for the inner-ear diseases, and tinnitus, sudden sensorineural hearing loss took up the largest proportions.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.56
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• pp.175-193
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• 2011

This study explored how South Korean newspapers covered North Korea's second nuclear test in May of 2009. Findings show that South Korean newspapers mostly reported North Korea's nuclear experiment in relatively negative tones. Their coverage mainly focused on the influences of nuclear threat from the North on the military, political and economic areas in South Korea. However, the media's agenda settings and frames were not similar in terms of each paper's political and ideological inclination. Whereas the progressive papers, such as the Hankyoreh and the Kyunghyang Shinmun, recognized that the current nuclear issue in Korean peninsula is getting worse because of South Korea's rigorous pressure on North Korea, the conservative papers, such as the Chosun Ilbo and the Donga Ilbo, see that the deadlock between North and South mainly comes from the system malfunction of North Korea. To prevent the current impasse, the left-side papers emphasized to develop the six-party talk in dealing with North Korean issue, while the right-wing papers paid attentions to the West's sanctions on North Korea and ensuring national security.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.157-164
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• 1999

A tarsonemid mite. Stet~rotc~r.sot~rrrs~puin.sk i Smiley 1967. is an important rice pest in major rice producing countries of Thailand. Philippine. China, and Taiwan. S. spinki was found first time in Korea from rice grown in environment controlled greenhouse. Rice fed by the mite showed damage symptoms of deformed panicles and inflorescence, lesions on the inner surface of leaf sheath, and browning of rice hulls. Females of S. .spi~lkwi as 263.0 pni (246.5-284.6f 12.2) in body length and 92.4 pm (79.5- 104.9 t 7.6) in body width. Body was elongate and broadest in region of hysterosoma. Body color was pale brown. Legs were robust except for the legs IV which were typical tarsonemid female legs terminating in a whiplike seta two times the length of the leg. Male of S. spir~kiw as 196.5 pm ( 176.5-222.8 + 15.8) in body length and 109.3 ym (98.6- 1 17.7 + 6.4) in body width. Anterior ends of apodemes 111 were extended further than apodemes IV. Femur IV had large inner median lateral flange. and inner anterior and outer median setae were short about equal length. Tarsal claw was stout and curved ventrally.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.97-114
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• 2019

The relationship quality and recovery of service failures perceived by consumers play an essential role in affecting the service provider's image and sales in terms of the highly involved service industry. In particular, implementation of successful relationship marketing strategies and effective recovery of service failures provide greater satisfaction for customers expecting customized services and reinforce the relationships between the companies and consumers. Based on these previous studies, this research conducted to find out the causal relationship between the variables influencing service recovery expectations and word of mouth(WOM) by approaching the severity of service failures from the perspective of relationship marketing and attribution theory. For the empirical analysis of this research, we conducted a questionnaire surveys of 360 service users of beauty salons, who have experienced in high-involvement services, and utilized 333 questionnaires for the final analysis. The hypothesis was experimented using the Structural Equation Model(SEM), and the results are as follows. First, we identified that the higher the customer perceived the severity of the service failure, the lower the quality of the relationship. Second, we verified that service users observed service failure as a temporary and uncontrollable factor as they distinguished service quality as higher. Third, the hypothesis that customers recognize service failures as a temporary one has a positive impact on service recovery expectation level is determined through empirical analysis. Forth, it was figured out that the higher the perceived quality of the relationship with the service provider, the higher the service recovery level expected by the consumers. At the same time, the hypothesis that optimism for service recovery expectation affects positive word of mouth has been verified. The results of this study help develop the customer-oriented business model of the service companies. Furthermore, the academic significance in that it suggested a new direction for the research of high-involvement service marketing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.67-85
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• 2004

Four volumes of the script of the Avatamska Sutra written with golden paste on dark blue papers manufactured in Koryo Dynasty which are collected or deposited in every museum of Japan show specific features on their cover paintings. In general 3 or 4 lotus flowers are wound by arabesque patterns in zigzag on the cover paintings of Koryo scripts, whereas 10 lotus flowers painted with golden paste on the 4 volumes of these scripts are same in their style. Though there is no prayer sentences in 4 volumes of the script, it is possible to know that they should belong to a set of 80 Avatamska Sutra by the results of above studies. In this study the contents of Byunsangwha of the script of 4 volumes of the Avatamska Sutra were discussed at first and their manufactured era should be postulated by the results of style analysis of cover paintings and Byunsangwha. First thing that saint hair of Buddha was painted with cobalt color is same as that of Byunsangwha of Munsuchoisangsungmusenggebueob prayed in Tejeong 3rd year, king Chungsuk 13th year(AD 1326). Second thing that the beads in topknot of saint hair and lips were painted completely with pink color, and ears, face outline as well as bosom outline disclosed through monk's cloth were also painted with pink color, furthermore the last thing is that Buddha's face was coated with golden paste. All of these things are same as shown in the characteristics of Byunsangwha of the scripts of Kanezawa Daishoji, Matsue Tenrinji and Haga Tera collection in Japan. However, since the cloud pattern style of Byunsangwha of the script is similar to that of the Byunsangwha manufactured in reinstatement era of king Chungsuk, it is possible to say that these 4 volumes of script should be manufactured in the reinstatement era of king Chungsuk.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.297-303
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• 2017

In central and southern Korea, the two small insectivorous, terrestrial herbs, Utricularia bifida and U. caerulea, often co-occur at wet locations (or in wetlands). The Korean Peninsula (with central China and northern Japan) constitutes the northern edge of their distribution, as their main range is subtropical and tropical Asia. The Korean populations of both species are very likely of post-glacial origin, given that warm-temperate vegetation was absent from the Korean Peninsula during the Last Glacial Maximum. Two hypotheses of the post-glacial colonization of the peninsula can be formulated; first, if current populations were founded by propagules coming from a single ancestral population (i.e., a single refugium), we would expect low levels of genetic diversity. Alternatively, if contemporary Korean populations originated from multiple sources (multiple refugia), we would expect high levels of genetic variation. To test which is more likely, we surveyed the degree of allozyme variation at 20 loci in ten populations for each of the two species from southern Korea. We found no allozyme variation within each species. However, their aquatic congener U. australis exhibited allozyme polymorphism across Japan (four polymorphic loci at three enzyme systems). We suggest that southern Korean populations of Utricularia bifida and U. caerulea were established by a single introduction event from a genetically depauperate ancestral population.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2011

A confocal microscope was developed utilizing a scanning sample stage based on a home-built double-compound flexure guide. A scanning sample stage with nano-scale resolution consisted of a double leaf spring based flexure, a displacement amplifying lever, a Piezo-electric Transducer(PZT) actuator and capacitance sensors. The performance of the two-axis stage was analyzed using a commercial finite element method program prior to the implementation. A single line laser was employed as the light source along with the Photo Multiplier Tube(PMT) that served as the detector. The performance of the developed confocal microscope was evaluated with a mouse ear skin imaging test. The designed scanning stage enabled us to build the confocal microscope without the two optical scanning mirror modules that are essential in the conventional laser scanning confocal microscope. The elimination of the scanning mirror modules makes the optical design of the confocal microscope simpler and more compact than the conventional system.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.292-297
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• 2007

To explain the relationship between plant size and seed production, change of sexual organs, relationship between each organs of Convallaria keiskei population, which is located in Gwiyeo-2-ri, Namjong-myeon, Gwangju-si, Gyeonggi-do these were studied from April to August 2002. This study was carried out two ways. One way was to set up the permanent quadrat to explain the change of sexual organs. The other was to carry the collected sample to the laboratory and analysis it to explain the relationship between each organs and energy division of seed production. In the Convallaria keiskei population, the average number of leaf which blooming shoot in the permanent quadrat was 2 and I could find the late leaf size was larger. It was found that, per shoot, the average number of flower was 7.9, fruit was 5.4 and seed was 16.1. Each properties in the sexual organ, underground part size and leaf size, had correlation of 1% or within 5%. The flowering time of the Convallaria keiskei was from April 26 to May 11. Therefore, it can be estimated that the blooming period was $8{\sim}9$ days in just one flower. Among that flowers bloom at the beginning May, 80% fruit at the end of May, and 68% fruit at the end of August. The dry weight of seed had more correlation dry weight of underground part than leaf area.