• 한국과학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.12a
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• pp.247-278
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• 2015

Recently, as DNR prevails more and more in Korea, discussions regarding meaningless medical life-sustaining-treatment (LST) intensified. Some of the Supreme Court decisions are even discussed in mass media, causing public debates. These cases tell us that, as life-sustaining medical technologies are highly developed, more sociological and policy-related analyses are needed on them. Firstly, this study will review 40 previous studies that analyze recent discussions in Korea about LST. Secondly, this study also shows that in bioethical and policy-related perspectives, governance about LST calls for a new implications regarding thanatoethics and thanatopolitics. In this new theoretical framework, death with dignity (DwD) can be understood as a process of giving back the thanatopower to the subject who chooses his way of ending based on his sound and free will. Thirdly, some of the new LST or resuscitation technologies such as automated external defibrillators (AED) are developed in RRI framework. However, if subjects themselves choose not to apply those technologies on them, as in the case of DNR (do not resuscitate) vows, meaning of developing such technologies are to be questioned. But currently such questions regarding the limitations of RRI are seldom asked. I argue that in order to properly apply RRI framework on existing technology, we also need to consider these points.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.36
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• pp.19-44
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• 2014

is an animation by John Halas and Joy Batchelor, based on Animal Farm by George Orwell, screened in England, 1954. by John Halas and Joy Batchelor showed true occasions in history, such begins with Bolshevik Revolution which broke out in October of 1917, through new economic policy called NEP, monopolization of power by Stalin, and Moscow Justice as a fable. in positioned real people from Bolshevik revolution as characters as in allegory, due to its fable-nature. However, descriptions in by John Halas and Joy Batchelor differs with by George Orwell from the middle of its story. In by John Halas and John Batchelor, Snowball is killed by Napoleon, unlike in by George Orwell, which Snowball is thrown out by Napoleon. showed Stalin as Napoleon, and Trotsky as Snowball in its characters. Satire description on Stalin's reign of terrorism after Bolshevik Revolution was same in both by George Orwell and by John Halas and Joy Batchelor; however, the view on Trotsky was different with each other. Therefore, this paper is written to describe allegorical factors of Bolshevik Revolution in by John Halas and Joy Batchelor, as well as to reinterpret the value of Trotsky and Russian Revolution by researching Snowball in .

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.51
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• pp.193-212
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• 2018

This paper attempts to explore how Ang Lee depicts Asian and Western women in his films. We focus on two parts of his consciousness First, Ang Lee does not consider himself a feminist, he understands the world in terms of women who play societal roles. Second, Ang Lee's films reflect his identity in a juxtaposition model, in which he is a member of mainstream American society and also holds an onlooker's viewpoint at the same time. He depicts women, who are often marginalized or considered the minority, and their feminist ideals, as means that break down the authority of the father and the man, the traditional ideology, and the male dominant nationalism. Chinese women in movies divide apart traditional Chinese patriarchal ideology and male-dominated anti-Japanese sentiments. Also, the Western women in his films reveal the non-stereotypical appearance of Western society in the 1970s and 1980s, with daily tension, anxiety, abdominal pain and anger, silence and anxiety about homosexual husbands, and excessive obsession. The director's portrayal of women not only separates the male-centered and Western-centered discourse, but also reveals a self-division of internalized masculine patriarchal Asian thought consciousness.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.143
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• pp.215-244
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• 2017

It is said that we live in an age of technology. And indeed, science and technology do play key roles to our life of happiness, but they are equally central in all events that threaten it. Science and technology are the means we often turn to in seeking solutions to our problems, and in turn are often the apparent sources of new problems. Thus it is not surprising that they have two aspects at the same time. CCTV has been presented to us as a technical solution to security problems. With the help of CCTV, we can more effectively prevent, detect, and prosecute crimes. With the help of CCTV, both public and private spaces can be made more secure. But of course, CCTV also has a down side. The down side most prominently anticipated has been loss of privacy and proliferation of surveillance. It is largely this potential problem with CCTV that has been regulated against. It is said that one reason for imposing a limitation on individual privacy is the societal interest in the prevention of crime. Accordingly a balance between the need to prevent crime through the use of CCTV and the duty to respect the privacy interests of individual citizens is in need of redress. In other hand, two theories of socio-political philosophy may have provided useful ways of understanding the role of CCTV in contemporary society. Firstly, neo-Marxist frameworks, for instance, stress the use of CCTV to police existing unequal socioeconomic divisions within society and the dominance of particular forms of order based upon materialist agendas. Secondly, Foucauldian frameworks contend that Foucault's notion of panoptic surveillance underpinning (self) disciplinary society is an appropriate template for understanding CCTV in late-modern society. In order to find a new point of valance between security and privacy in the use of CCTV, the participation of each citizen in the discourse to make the new norm is necessary. And to prevent its political misuse, their surveillance, or check for the potential surveillance-power is required.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.321-343
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• 2004

In principal, the original form of Eupchi landscape in Naepo reflects a traditional idea regarding direction as a connection with one's fortune and naturalization strategy of power. In reality, the weight for the landscape inside the castle town was distinct by locality according to the conditions of natural geographies and main function of the castle town. In other words, the traditional Eupchi landscape was shaped under the fixed principles but it was simultaneously reflecting the local temporality and spatiality. As Chosun Dynasty went under the Japanese colonization, Eupchi in the traditional period started to evolve into a modem city. That is to say, the traditional Eupchi as a political place became to change into the center of capital accumulation, stronghold of economy and education, and center of town beyond the function as a place for government and administration. Therefore, the process of change from the landscape of Eupchi to a modem city was a kind of revolution in the form and function, and it was also a very rapid rearrangement of social space. The disparate element of landscape and double social space worked as a vital inertial element in the urban structure of Naepo area until the post independence and evolution of landscape.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.340-349
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• 2011

This research analyzes the 4P(Police-Press-Politics-Public) model for establish an ideal relationship between press and police and suggests some practical policies. Through the examination of the relations among 4Ps(Police-Press-Politics-Public), Jean-Louis Loubet Del Bayle proposes 3 models from three aspets : exchange of information, relation of power, relation of legitimacy. The analysis of his models shows that politics and public give social and political legitimacy to police and press which, based on the legitimacy, thereby obtain necessary informations from external entities to fulfil their original functions. On the other hand, the inevitable relation of press and police with politics and public caused from their social functions, in turn, makes the relationship between press and police more complicated and delicate. This research concludes, the relationship between police and press should be well balanced for their successful social functions and benefits of the public. To this end, this study suggests that a specific press guideline which is imposed on press and police, must be prepared and that a specialized press office must be established in the police.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.22-37
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• 2012

Storage facility of the pre-historic Korea is classified into the subterranean, ground and overground types. The rectangular-shaped subterranean Storage facilities have been identified in the Pungnaptoseong, the Gong mountain fortress site and the Gwanbukri site. Feature no. 196 at Gyeongdang District in Pungnaptoseong yielded a large quantity of glazed potteries, and a wooden storage at the Gwanbukri site contained a large amount of fruit seeds. These storage facilities might be functioned as the warehouse for the highest group rather than the storage for the emergency such as war and flooding and stipend of government officials. This article subdivided into "state storage" on the concept of the former that "royal storage" on the concept of the latter. If it look on the state storage at large, this include the royal storage too. But it subdivided to help article understand because Baekjae changed from state storage to royal storage by change and specialization of system after 4th. The reason why the diversification of storage pits was closely related to the unification of local polities and the concentration of political power in the state-level. Therefore, it might reflect the political circumstances the ruling elites attempted to heighten their authority in terms of the organizing tax collecting system. And divided the time of storage is confirmed separative storage pits in the suburbs of capital city. There is hight probability of top local polities or nation that have possessional a role. This is to cover on frequent war in the Three States. On the other hand, state storage is located around ancent road that linked castle gate that is divided into center and periphery depending on function and position of storage. Center is located royal storage focusing in the presumed royal palace that periphery is located state storage to provide service to the public. It is presumed that located with the government office.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the behavior of North Korea's cyber attack against South Korea since 2009 based on major international security theories and suggest South Korea's policy option. For this purpose, this paper applied the behavioral domain and characteristics of 'cyber power' and 'coercion dynamics' model, which are attracting attention in international security studies. The types of cyber attacks from North Korea are classified into the following categories: power-based incarceration, leadership attacks and intrusions, military operations interference, and social anxiety and confusion. In terms of types and means of cyber power, North Korean GPS disturbance, the Ministry of Defense server hacking and EMP are hard power with high retaliation and threat and cyber money cashing and ransomware are analyzed by force in the act of persuasion and incentive in the point of robbing or asking for a large amount of money with software pawns. North Korea 's cyber attack has the character of escape from realistic sanctions based on the second nuclear test. It is important for South Korea to clearly recognize that the aggressive cyberpower of North Korea is changing in its methods and capabilities, and to ensure that North Korea's actions result in far greater losses than can be achieved. To do this, it is necessary to strengthen the cyber security and competence to simultaneously attack and defend through institutional supplement and new establishment such as cyber psychological warfare, EMP attack preparation, and enhancement of security expertise against hacking.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.167-177
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• 2018

Major countries, such as the U.S., UK and Germany have reformed their national intelligence systems in the face of transnational, asymmetric and comprehensive threats since September 11, 2001 and have strengthened the intelligence capacity involved in countering terrorism and WMD proliferation, right/left extremism threats. The Korean Moon Jae-in government is preparing a reform plan to eliminate illegal political intervention and abuse of power by the National Intelligence Service(NIS) and to rebuild it as an efficient national intelligence agency for national security. In discussing the reform direction of the NIS, it is necessary to discuss in detail whether adopting a separate model of intelligence agencies to restrict domestic intelligence activities of the NIS and concentrate on foreign intelligence activities or establish new domestic intelligence agencies. Second, as for the issue of transferring anti-Communism investigation authority of the NIS to the police, it needs to be carefully considered in terms of balancing the efficiency and professionalism of intelligence agency activity in the context of North Korea's continuous military provocation, covert operations and cyber threats. Third, it should strive to strengthen the control and supervision functions of the administration and the National Assembly to ensure the political neutrality of the NIS in accordance with the democratization era, to guarantee citizens' basic rights and to improve the transparency of budget execution.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.53
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• pp.255-281
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• 2017

This study examines the ways in which Confucianism developed in connection with other thoughts. Mythology especially had an great impact on the formation of Confucian thoughts. This study focuses on the concept of sage and examines how Confucianism and mythological thoughts influenced on formation and reformation of the concepts. In ancient religion, sages as a hierophantic figure, mediates human beings and gods, delivering the gods' messages to the human and the human's wishes to the gods. The fused role of shaman and ruler began to separate. A new type of leader without political power, but with a religious role with a moral authority is the Confucian concept of sage. A sage in Confucianism is an ideal person like Confucius, Mencius, and Xunzi, an ordinary person can attain with effort. Anyone can become a sage in Confucianism. The early Confucian sage was more like a hyper-human with unaccessible authority in mythology. Later, a sage in Confucianism began to be described as a model figure that any human being can become. The aspect of shamans and diviners (wushi 巫師) did not disappear, but merged into a kingly power and transformed into a sage-king with moral authority. The new images are reflected in Confucian ideology of statehood or its religiosity. This study has explored the ways in which Confucianism and mythological thoughts interacted and influenced to each other through a concept of sage as an ideal personhood.