• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.380-388
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• 2019

The studies regarding soil bacterial community and correlation analysis of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area are insufficient. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng for selection of suitable cultivation area. The bacterial community was investigated by high throughput sequencing technique (Illumina platform). The correlation coefficient between soil bacterial community and growth characteristics were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. The soil bacterial community from soil samples of 8 different wild-simulated ginseng cultivated area exhibited two distinct clusters, cluster 1 and cluster 2. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria (35.4%) and Alphaproteobacteria(24.4%) was observed to be highest in all soil samples. The lower soil pH and higher abundance of Acidobacteria resulted in increased growth of wild-simulated ginseng. Additionally, abundance of Acidobacteriia (class) and Koribacteraceae (family) demonstrated significant positive correlation with fresh weight of wild-simulated ginseng. The results of this study clearly state the correlation between growth characteristic and soil bacterial community of wild-simulated ginseng cultivation area, thereby offering effective insight into selection of suitable cultivation area of wild-simulated ginseng.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.333-345
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• 2009

Carpinus laxiflora communities are known as the climax forest community of the temperate zone of Korea. There are three Carpinus laxiflora communities in Seoul. The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of Carpinus laxiflora communities of Seoul and supply basic data for establishing of a management plan. The research sites are Sahmyook University, Mountain Dobong and Jinkwandong. This study considers investigation and the analysis of communities structure, soil characteristics and the growth increment of trees. As the result of study, we could know that the growth increment of the Carpinus laxiflora trees of Seoul is decreasing recently because of soil acidification and so on. Also the vegetation disturbance is increasing because of naturalized plant. Oak wilt disease has appeared in the oak forest around Sahmyook University that is the largest Carpinus laxiflora communities area in Seoul. For that reason the open gap was appeared in forest, and the spread of naturalized plants has been increasing in the gap. Furthermore, the Carpinus laxiflora trees are affected by the Platypus koryoensis which is a kind of oak wilt disease. And so, Unless there is a specific management plan, the survival of Carpinus laxiflora communities are uncertain in Seoul. Therefore the management plan of Carpinus laxiflora communities is necessary such as precise investigation, annual monitoring, etc. For the conservation of the Carpinus laxiflora communities, it is necessary to establish the management plan of the biodiversity for Seoul area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.79 no.2
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• pp.216-221
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• 1990

Vegetational data from Mt. Gyeryong and Deokyu in central Korea were analysed in relation to 15 environmental variables. Two multivariate methods were applied : two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) for classification and detrended canonical correspondence analysis(DCCA), a recent technique which extracts ordination axes that can be related to environmental factors. The relationship between the distribution of dominant species of forest vegetation and soil condition in Mt. Gyeryong and Deokyu was investigated by analyzing elevation and soil nutrition gradient. Quercus mongolica forest was distributed in the high elevation and good nutrition area, Carpinzrs laxiflora and Fraxinus rhynclzophylla forest in the medium elevation and good nutrition area, Piszus densiflora-Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis forest in the medium elevation and medium nutrition area, Styrax jabozaica forest in the low elevation and medium nutrition area, and Pinus densiflora forest in the low elevation and poor nutrition area. The dominant compositional gradient related to elevation.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.84-84
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• 2019

본 연구는 전국 임의의 산양삼 재배지를 선정하여 재배지 내의 토양 특성 및 토양세균군집을 분석하고, 토양 특성, 세균군집 및 산양삼 생육특성 간의 상관관계를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 토양 이화학성 분석은 농촌진흥청의 종합분석실 매뉴얼에 따라 분석하였고, 토양세균군집 분석은 pyrosequencing analysis (Illumina platform)를 이용하였다. 토양세균군집과 생육특성 간의 상관관계는 Spearman's rank correlation을 이용하여 분석하였다. 전국 8개 산양삼 재배지로부터 분리한 토양세균군집은 2개의 cluster로 군집화를 이루는 것을 확인하였다. 모든 토양 샘플에서 Proteobacteria와 Alphaproteobacteria가 각각 평균 상대적 빈도수가 35.4%, 24.4%로 우점종으로 나타났다. 나타났다. 두 개의 cluster 간 토양세균군집의 상대적 빈도수를 비교 분석한 결과, 먼저 Proteobacteria (p = 0.03), Actinobacteria (p = 0.02), Ahlpaproteobacteria (p = 0.029), Betaproteobacteria (p = 0.021)는 cluster 1에서 cluster 2에 비해 상대적 빈도수가 유의적으로 높았고, Fimicutes (p = 0.004), Cyanobacteria (p = 0.004), Acidobacteriia (p = 0.041), Ktedonobacteria (p = 0.019), Gammaproteobacteria (p = 0.034), Bacilli (p = 0.009)은 cluster 2에서 유의적으로 상대적 빈도수가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 토양세균군집 cluster 간 산양삼의 생육특성을 비교 분석한 결과, cluster 2 재배지에서 수집한 산양삼 시료의 지하부 생중량은 cluster 1 재배지에서 수집한 산양삼 시료에 비해 cluster 2에서 유의적 (p = 0.04)으로 높았다. 산양삼 생육특성과 토양세균군집 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 산양삼의 생육은 토양 pH가 낮고 Acidobacteria의 상대적 빈도수가 높은 토양에서 증가하였으며, Acidobacteriia와 Koribacteraceae의 상대적 빈도수는 산양삼의 생육과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 토양미생물군집과 산양삼 생육 간의 상관관계를 구명하는 중요한 자료가 될 것으로 생각되고, 나아가 산양삼 재배적지를 선정하는데 있어 보다 명확한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Korea Real Estate Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2018

In this study, the occurrence and degree of herding behavior as a market participant behavior in a housing market were analyzed. For the analysis method, the actual sales price was applied in the CSAD (Cross-sectional Absolute Deviation) model, which has been used the most of late for herding behavior analysis. For the analysis contents, these were subdivided into region, elapsed year, size, and market condition to analyze the regionality and the internal and external factors. For the study results, first, there was no herding behavior in the entire region of Seoul. By region, herding behavior occurred in the downtown, southeast, and northwest regions, which coincided with the results of the precedent study (Ngene et al., 2017). Second, in the market analysis by elapsed year, herding behavior was captured in dilapidated dwellings. By size, herding behavior was observed in small-scale ($60m^2$ or less) apartments and in $85m^2$ or higher and less than $102m^2$ national housing units. Third, during the time of the global financial crisis, herding behavior was not observed in all the regions, whereas when the market situations were in a boom cycle, it was observed in the northwest region. These results suggest that there is a difference from the stock market, where in a period of recession, herding behavior occurs intensively with the expanding fear of incurring losses. This study is significant in that it analyzed the market participant behaviors in the behavioral economic aspects to better understand the abnormal phenomenon in a housing market, and in that it additionally provides a psychological factor - market participant behavior - in market analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.555-566
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• 2017

For multivariate datasets with large number of variables, classical dimensional reduction methods such as principal component analysis may not be effective for data visualization. The underlying reason is that the dimensionality of the space of variables is often larger than two or three, while the visualization to the human eye is most effective with two or three dimensions. This paper proposes a working procedure which first partitions the variables into several "latent" clusters, explores individual data subsets, and finally integrates findings. We use R pakacage "ClustOfVar" for partitioning variables around latent dimensions and the principal component biplot method to visualize within-cluster patterns. Additionally, we use the technique for embedding supplementary variables to figure out the relationships between within-cluster variables and outside variables.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.149-164
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• 1985

Intertidal algal community of Muchangpo in western coast of Korea was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. Seasonal changes of algal occurrence, dominant species in cover, vertical zonation pattern and biomass were analysed. A total of sixty-four species of marine algae, one blue-green alga, three green algae, nineteen brown algae and forty-one red algae, were identified. The dominant species in cover were Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium divaricatum and Pelvetia siliquosa throughout the year. Gloiopeltis furcata was abundant at upper and middle littoral zones and Corallina pilulifera at lower littoral zone. Classification by unweighted pair-group average method and ordination by reciprocal averaging based on the cover data indicated that, on the whole, the intertidal algal vegetation showed different patterns along tidal levels. Seasonal fluctuations of mean biomass were 57.2~92.8 g-dry/$m^2$, and the highest in summer and the lowest in spring season. Seasonal change of community structure was also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2023

최근 이상 기후변화로 인해 환경과 생태계 등 다양한 분야에서 문제들이 발생하고 있다. 특히 하천에서는 유량 부족, 부영양화, 탁수 등 수질 악화 현상이 대두되고 있어 체계적인 하천 수질관리의 필요성이 높아지고 있다. 국내에서는 수질오염총량제도를 통해 BOD, T-P 항목을 대상물질로 수계의 수질을 관리하고 있지만, 오염원이 다양해짐에 따라 다항목의 수질인자를 활용한 평가방안이 필요한 실정이다. 최근 효율적인 하천의 수질관리를 위해 다양한 항목을 고려한 종합적인 수질 평가 방법이 도입되고 있다. 국내외에서는 하천의 종합적인 수질을 평가하고자 CCME WQI, RTWQI, NSFWQI 등의 수질지수(Water Quality Index, WQI)를 개발하여 하천의 복잡한 수질 정보를 점수 및 등급으로 산정하여 하천의 수질을 평가하고 있으나 하천 유역 특성에 따라 주요 영향 인자가 상이하므로 유역 특성에 따른 맞춤형 수질관리가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 유역 특성별 수질을 평가하기 위해 의사결정나무 기법을 적용한 수질지수를 산정하고자 한다. 군집분석을 통해 비슷한 특징을 가지는 유역을 분류하고, 군집별 특성 및 관계 분석을 통해 유역별 주요 수질인자 도출 및 가중치를 산정하여 군집별 적합한 수질지수를 산정하고자 한다. 이러한 연구를 통해 유역 특성별 수질 관리를 위한 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.243-247
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• 2016

Driving Event Data such as the rapid acceleration, the rapid deceleration, the sudden braking, and the sudden departure, and over speeding provide important information to predict or analyze the driving habits and accident risk of a driver. Most of the data that represent the driver's driving habits generally fit to the parametric distribution, whereas extreme parts of the data to estimate the accident risk of a driver may not. This paper presents an empirical distribution that is divided into two regions, one is from the normal distribution, and the other is from the general pareto distribution for the driving habits of a driver.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.455-463
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• 2008

The shadows, which is generated when acquiring data using optical sensor, mutilates consistency of brightness for same objects in the images. Hence, it makes a trouble to interpret the ground information. This study is focused on detecting the shadowing area in the images. And only single image is used without any other data which is acquired from different source. Also, This study presents the method using HSI color model, especially, using I(intensity) information, and the intensity clustering algorithm. Then, we illuminate the effects of shadow by FFT(Fast Fourier Transform).