• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.261-280
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• 2012

This study seeks to replace PaRIS Principles and find directions of revising KCR4 by analyzing the international Cataloging Principles 2009(ICP 2009) established in the environment of Machine Readable Cataloging. ICP 2009 was reflected in cataloging rules such as RDA and ISBD 2010 as the minimal principles for uniformity in establishing each nation's cataloging rules. In contrary, KCR4 needs to be revised because it has never been changed after 2003, and has only description rules without any rules for the choice and forms of access points. Therefore, this study aims to grasp requirements that should be reflected in KCR4 through analyzing ICP 2009. In first step, it is to grasp the features of ICP 2009 by comparing PaRIS Principle and ICP 2009 and to compare KCR4 in aspects of ICP 2009. The detailed elements for comparison between ICP 2009 and KCR4 are scope, general principles, entitles, attributes, and relationships, objectives and functions of the catalogue, bibliographic description, access points, foundations for search capabilities as the contents of ICP 2009. As a result, this study could give some directions of KCR4 in the future. First, ISBD 2010 and conceptual models should be reflected in KCR4 in description. Second, it should regulate the authority access points in KCR4 based on ICP 2009. Third, it will describe essential access points of work and expression attributes in bibliographic records and authority records to find works and expression. This study will contribute to guide the national cataloging rules.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2014.10a
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• pp.125-127
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• 2014

본 논문은 선박의 일대다 충돌상황에서 국제해상충돌예방규칙(COLREGs, International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972)을 만족하도록 피항경로를 생성하는 충돌회피 알리고즘의 개발과 적용에 관해 기술한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 알고리즘은 조우선박의 상대 방위각, 충돌위험정도 및 상호시계와 제한시계의 시계상태에 따라 피항동작을 분류하고, 규칙기반형태의 전문가시스템인 CLIPS(C Language Integrated Production System)를 이용하여 국제해상충돌예방규칙에 따른 피항행동공간을 생성한다. 검증을 위하여 Izuma problems의 3가지 충돌상황을 가정한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 다양한 충돌상황에 대하여 안전한 충돌회피경로가 생성됨을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.191-214
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• 2006

The right to the spectrum frequency and orbit is required for the broadcasting by satellite, whether the broadcaster might be given any license or authorization for the broadcasting. The reason is that the ITU Convention and Radio Regulation provide very specific and detailed rules regarding the utilization of the frequency spectrum and orbit. Outstanding issue arises as to the implementation process of the rules of international character. Domestic implementation of the Radio Regulation, in the way of letter to letter should be discouraged when the competitiveness of domestic industry vis-a-vis foreign competitor is taken into account.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.10-12
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• 2011

과거 충돌회피를 위한 알고리즘은 충돌위험을 결정하는데 항해사 대신 위험도를 판단하여 충돌회피를 하려고 한다. 그러나 경우에 따라서 국제해상충돌예방규칙에 맞지 않게 충돌 회피를 시행한다. 또한 타선과의 피항 관계를 항해사가 주시하고 기억해야 하는 것은 항해사에게 부담을 줄 수 있다. 따라서 국제해상충돌예방규칙에 맞게 피항 관계를 정의하여 항해사에게 알려줌으로써 피항 행동을 결정하는데 시간 및 인적 실수를 줄여줄 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.47-69
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• 2016

This study was to suggest the directions of and the choice of the authorized access points for Korean Cataloging Rules, based on the trends of the international cataloging and the need of rules for the authorized access points in KCR. The Literature review, the case study, and the interviewing were used as the research methods. In the literature review, the Authorized access points were reviewed in FRBR conceptual model, International cataloging Principle 2009, and Resource Description and Access. VIAF authorized access points were analyzed as case study. Last interview was executed with the representative librarians in 4 University libraries. Through these surveys, new directions and rules of the authorized access points for KCR were suggested. This study could contributed to construct work and expression authorized access points of FRBR, and to set up the selection rules of the authorized access points for KCR.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.123-143
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• 2013

This study is to suggest the direction for KCR4's revision based on analysis of trends in cataloguing rules at home and abroad, characteristics of KCR4, and professional cataloguer's survey about revision of KCR4. Results of the study is summarized as follows. First, after Paris principles, the international attention to cataloguing rules is recently centered on ICP and RDA based on FRBR. Second, most cataloguing librarians feel confused over because KCR4 after 2003 is an unfinished rules without provisions on the authority control and heading's selection and form. So they want to revise KCR4. Third, the results of the professional cataloguer's survey showed mostly that KCR4 should be revised adopting international cataloguing rules like RDA and including contents of access points, detailed rules of the authority control, and the description in elements instead of resource's type.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.169-188
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• 2023

The increase in assertive and unilateral measures represents a key feature of the recent global trade environment. Against this backdrop, the EU is pushing to introduce the so-called "anti-coercion instrument(the instrument)," which aims to allow unilateral countermeasures in the event of economic coercion or threats from third countries. This paper examines the recent assertive trade environment and the legislative background of the instrument. It evaluated the necessity of and concerns arising from the instrument by comparing the existing EU trade policy, i.e., Trade Barrier Regulation (TBR). In addition, the paper aims to analyze the permissibility of the instrument under the WTO system, especially in the context of the principle of "strengthening of the multilateral system." Finally, the paper draws implications of the instrument in terms of our domestic policies that can effectively address economic threats or trade friction in the growing geopolitical crisis.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.55-72
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• 2000

The International Standby Practices (ISP98) has been carefully crafted for use with standby letters of credit. ISP98 is expected to become widely used for standby letters of credit commencing January 1, 1999. These new practices have been ratified and jointly published by the International Chamber of Commerce- the same organization that Provided us with the Uniform Customs and Practices for Documentary Credits, UCP500. The intention behind drafting ISP98 was to consolidate common and accepted practices applying to Standby Letters of Credit and to set a worldwide standard. ISP98 gives issuing organizations a set of practices that are free from the anomalies that arise when UCP500 is applied to Standby Letters of Credit This paper focuses on ISP98 provisions that may lead to changes in forms of standby letters of credit and reimbursement agreements, that may lead to changes in standby practices, that may alert parties to issues they had not previously focused upon, or that parties may wish to limit or vary, This Paper also focuses on differences between ISP98 and the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 1993 revision, ICC Publication No. 500(UCP 500).

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.74.3-75
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• 2016

국제전기통신연합 (ITU)에서 주관하여 2015년 11월 2일-27일 스위스 제네바에서 개최된 WRC-15(세계전파통신회의, World Radiocommunication Conference)회의에서는 28개 의제에 대한 각국 의견을 논의한 후 최종적으로 국제전파규칙(Radio Regulations)을 개정하였다. WRC회의는 전세계의 공통적인 주파수 사용을 위한 국제법이라고 할 수 있는 국제전기통신연합 (ITU)의 전파규칙(Radio Regulation) 제개정을 위해, 3-4년 간격으로 개최되는 전파통신 관련 권위를 가진 회의라고 할 수 있다. 본 회의에서는 전세계의 국가별 전파이익과 상업적 우선권을 둘러싼 정치적, 경제적 이권 다툼이 치열하게 진행되었으며, 2012년부터 추진되었던 국제전기통신연합 산하의 연구반 (ITU-R Study Group)의 의제별 연구결과를 토대로 관련 국제전파규약들을 최종적으로 개정하였다. 국내 전파천문의 입장에서는 상기 회의의 의제 가운데 현재 한국우주전파관측망의 원활한 운용과 사용주파수 대역의 보호를 위해, 전파규칙 내의 관련 주석(footnote, 5.562D) 개정을 위한 우리나라의 국가기고서를 발표하였다. 그 결과, 이전까지는 128GHz 대역의 위성운용대역에서 우리나라 전파천문업무가 우선 순위를 가지고 2015년까지 사용하도록 제한되어 있던 규정을 개정하고 사용기한에 대한 제약을 삭제하도록 개정하였다. 본 발표에서는 상기 결과 및 기타 주파수대역 (10GHz 대역)의 전파천문업무 보호를 위한 신규 주석, 그리고 철폐논란으로 찬반 논란이 거세었던 윤초 이슈의 논의 결과 등에 대해 소개하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.184-186
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• 2010

최근 모든 상장기업에 도입이 의무화된 국제회계기준(IFRS : International Financial Reporting Standards)의 주요한 특징 중에 하나는 원칙 중심이기 때문에 꼭 필요한 원칙만을 규정하고 나머지는 기업들이 자율적으로 작성하도록 허용하고 있다는 것이다. 이러한 특징은 기업 스스로의 작성규칙을 합리적으로 관리하고, 처리의 적절성을 증명해야하기 때문에 기존의 획일적인 회계처리시스템으로는 이러한 회계처리규칙을 효율적 관리를 하기 어려운 문제를 안고 있다. 비즈니스 룰(Business Rule)을 관리하고 처리하는 BRMS(Business Rule Management System)는 이러한 회계처리 규칙들을 원칙과 자율적인 회계규칙들로 나누고, 상황에 따라 자율적인 회계규칙들의 적용과 적용결과를 모니터링하고, 관리할 수 있는 방법을 제공할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 BRMS의 비즈니스 룰에 의하여 처리되는 회계프로그래밍의 틀을 제시함으로써 정해진 회계원칙과 자율적인 회계규칙을 반영하여 회계를 처리하고 관리할 수 있는 방안을 제시한다.