• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.313-320
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• 2012

A dental treatment room is always exposed to diverse kinds of pathogenic bacteria, and may be a mediating place of cross-infection given being contaminated the interior of a room through several routes in the form of patient's secretion and aerosol. The main agent of preventing cross-infection is a dental hygienist in the dental treatment and the dental treatment room where are scattered about a risk of cross-infection. A dental hygienist needs to have right recognition on infection control before being active as a clinical expert. This infection-control recognition level is influenced from the clinical practice. Accordingly, to survey recognition of infection control, a self-administered questionnaire research was conducted targeting 314 students who are fixed the clinical practice as regular subject in the junior course out of curriculum for the Department of Dental Hygiene at some of 4-year universities. Data collection was performed from December 9, 2011 to February 22, 2012. Except 11 copies of questionnaire with insincere response among the collected materials, 303 copies were finally analyzed by using SPSS WIN 20.0. The following conclusions were obtained. In the infection disease section, both on and off campus showed 4.89 points from 'the importance of recognizing the infections prevention', 4.65 points from 'recognizing the compulsory preventative injection for hepatitis type B', 4.77 points from 'recognizing the necessity of the preventative injection for hepatitis type B', 4.71 points from 'whether practice the prevention in reality or not', and 4.76 points from 'the educational helps to the prevention'. In other words, the section recorded the highest and meaningful points. It is considered to be needed the development in systematic and diverse infection-control educational programs and the differentiated education depending on school year for dental hygiene students.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.237-245
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of latex cover developed for dental handpiece on contamination of microorganisms during dental treatment and to determine whether it can be an alternative to conventional sterilization such as autoclaving. E. fecaelis was used as a experimental microorganism instead of oral flora. Experimental bowl with 2 cm of rectangular cavity was fabricated for handpiece operating instead of oral cavity. Latex covers ($Orokeeper^{(R)}$, Orobiotech Co., Korea) and several handpieces were used after sterilization by autoclave. Four experiments were performed to evaluate bacterial contamination related with (1) various parts of dental handpiece, (2) swabbing time with alcohol sponge, (3) postoperative air-water spraying time and (4) consecutive use of latex covers without autoclaving. The results show that face of handpiece uncovered with latex cover was severely contaminated than the covered area and that most bacteria were removed by swabbing face and head area of dental hand-piece and by air-water spraying more than 15 seconds nearly up to the level of sterilization. Conclusively it can be suggested that use of latex cover for handpiece during dental procedure, swabbing with alcohol sponge is air-water spraying for more than 15 seconds after use of dental handpiece should be very useful and practical for prevention of cross infection and should be an alternative method for the sterilization of dental handpiece under some difficult situations not being able to sterilize a handpiece with autoclave.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.31 no.12 s.295
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• pp.897-904
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• 1993

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.665-672
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• 2013

In radiology department, where patients with a variety of diseases receive their tests, there is a large possibility of cross contamination of nosocomial infection. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tests take particularly more time than other tests do, which increases the possibility of being exposed to cross contamination. Therefore, this research examines the status of MRI equipment sterilization and investigates the bacterial distribution on head coils, which have the most frequent contact with patients, patient fixation blocks, and bores, which are confined spaces. The status of MRI equipment disinfection was examined by a survey targeting 150 employees, and the distribution of bacteria was measured in ten medical facilities. The result of bacterial distribution tests on MRI equipment showed various bacteria, including Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter, Sphingomona, Pantoea agglomeranss, Micrococcus, Bacillus, Saprophyticus, Brevundimona, and Myroidesspecies. The result of examining the stat us of MRI room disinfection showed that the disinfections of the head coil, block, and bore were implemented well, and the largest proportion was carried out once a day in the morning. The time and implementation of disinfection by the disinfection manager showed that they were implemented well when the manager was the MRI room examiner. The disinfection after examining a patient using an appropriate disinfectant is mandatory to prevent cross contamination.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.183-193
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• 2013

The characteristics of dental treatment makes the dental staff frequently contact with patient directly. Also the daily use of high-handpieces, sharp instruments, and needles often causes bleeding on oral cavity. Therefore, the risk of cross transmission grows up. The pathogen from dental practice could spread on not only the practice itself but also the dental laboratory with contaminated impressions and prosthesis. Dental clinic staffs (dentists, dental hygienists and dental technicians) should recognize all the patients have a possibility of cross contamination, and try to prevent the transmission of infection by proper infection control. In this study, we review the articles about disinfection methods and chemical infection agents used for dental impressions, and try to figure out the suitable and effective infection control system of dental impressions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.23-40
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• 2021

In the era of the global coronal 19 pandemic, there is a risk of cross-infection in hospitals at the stage where treatments and vaccines are currently being developed and marketed, so individuals should enhance their acquired immunity and generalize their living systems by the performance of copper ions in the social environment. In order to prevent the spread of infection, the need for anti-bacterial film and its efficacy were analyzed through anti-viral performance tests based on research and development cases of worldwide and immemorial time. he Korea Construction Research Institute (KCL) has received anti-bacterial performance certification and anti-viral test scores from the "National Approval Performance Certification Agency." At the time, NCCP 43326 Human Corona virus (BetaCoV/Korea/KCDC03/2020), which was approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, was introduced to ensure that the activity rate of infected cells was satisfied in the anti-viral performance test. Anti-proliferation measures for the Corona 19 virus require a quality clinical trial study comparing the experimental group within the glass space where the antiviral copper film is constructed with the comparator of the same condition without copper film.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.620-628
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• 1996

To avoid the self-agglutination of Staphylococcus aureus sensitized with rabbit antibody in the absence of antigen, we determined the optimum concentration of rabbit antibody for sensitization. It was analyzed by using three different kinds of S. aureus strains at various concentraions of antibody. The optimized coagglutination test using the S. aureus sensitized with rabbit antibody was applied to the diagnosis of edwardsiellosis in field and in laboratory. The presence of E. tarda as low as $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ was detected by this method. Moreover, it showed good coagglutination results against several different forms of antigens such as FKC, EDTA or heat extracted antigen of E. tarda. E. tarda strains, isolated from the flounders suffering from edwardsiellosis in fields, showed some cross-reactions to the E. tarda 219 analyzed by both agglutination and coagglutination test with rabbit anti-E, tarda 219 antibody. The degree of cross-reactions analyzed was enough to apply the coagglutination test for the diagnosis of edwardsiellosis in field. Thus, even 1,000 fold diluted tissue homogenate of infected flounder naturally contained enough E. tarda as an antigen to show good coagglutination with S. aueus sensitized with rabbit anti-E, tarda 219 antibody. The successful application of this method to the homogenate and heat extract of tissues from naturally or artificially infected flounder or tilapia preyed that coagglutination test was a simple and rapid reliable dignostic technique suitable for using in laboratory and field without any special equipments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2021

To prevent the secondary hospital-acquired infection (cross-infection) from occurring in the general radiographic room in the department of radiology, the microbial measurement was conducted at the points making direct close contact with radiologists and patients. For the case of radiologists, the microbial measurement and incubation were focused on the x-ray tube handle of the radiation generating device, and, for the case of patients, the microbial measurement and incubation were focused on the chin supporting device, chest-contact point, and handle. Once disinfected with Aniosurf, the sterilized media were gathered and identified, and the microorganisms were confirmed. Based on the identification results, it was confirmed that the points making direct close contact with radiologists showed a value of 103 CFU for Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus spp. and Candida spp., and that the points making direct close contact with patients showed a value of 103~5 CFU for Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcu faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, NTM(Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria) and Candida spp.. It was also confirmed that the types and number of microorganisms gathered from the points making direct close contact with patients were greater. Fortunately, most of the involved microorganisms were observed to be on the skin surface and are known to become extinct when disinfected in accordance with the hospital-acquired infection control rules. However, since even minor exposure to such microorganisms may be lethal for patients with reduced immunity, caution must be taken. In particular, since the points making contact with patients showed a high level of microbial measurement, it was thought that it would be necessary for radiologists and personnel having frequent access to strictly disinfect the parts, such as instruments and handles, making frequent contact with patients. The purpose of this study was to announce the importance of safe microbial control in the radiographic inspection room in hospital, and this study is expected to be used as the baseline data for preventing hospital-acquired secondary infection and Nth infectious diseases.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.275-281
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• 2008

Background: This research aims to provide basic data for dental hygienists to implement the infection control after understanding the level of their implementation of infection control in case they have been trained of infection control or not. Method: The respondents in this research are the dental hygienists who worked in the Incheon or Gyeonggi areas between June 16 and July 5, 2008 and who attended complementary training conducted by the Seoul Branch of Korean Dental Hygienists Association in April 2008. A total of 191 questionnaires were distributed to them, and the frequency of the collected data was analyzed using SPSS WIN 12.0. Moreover, cross-tabulation analysis (${\chi}^2$) whose significance level was 0.05, was applied to the data in order to verify the statistical significance of the survey method. Result: There was significant difference in their practice to wear gloves and/or a mask, use a disposable apron and the time to change the apron depending upon the respondents' workplace. There was significant difference in the time to change their apron depending upon the respondents' time of service. 91.6% had been trained in the infection control: of them, 70.7% trained at their school. It was found that 68.6% of the respondents who had been trained in the infection control would wash their hands before treating a patient. 50.3% of the respondents who had been trained in the prevention of contamination would wear their gloves as needed for a basic treatment. Conclusion: Considering the above results of this research, it is concluded that it is necessary to provide practicing dental hygienists with many opportunities for systematic and practical training so that they may faithfully follow the guidelines for the prevention of contamination and to encourage hospitals to have a greater store of relevant facilities, equipment and supplies.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.628-634
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• 2008

In recent years, cross-contamination has become one of the noticeable issues in dental clinic. Two major routes of contamination are the direct-contamination through blood and oral secretion and the indirect-contamination through dental office equipments. Especially, air-contamination through air-floating pollutant in a confined space like hospital, and also contamination through aerosol ejected from high-speed handpiece in a dental office was interested. The purpose of this study was to understand risk of bacterial infection through aerosol from handpiece in a dental office, which will help the practitioner with prevention of contamination during dental treatment. The main findings are as follows. 1. In a comparative test, the group using handpiece has higher bacterial number than the group not using handpiece with significant statistical difference(P<0.01). 2. The group using handpiece with rubber dam has lower bacterial number than the group using handpiecewithout rubber dam with significant statistical difference(P<0.01). 3. Comparing the group using drainage water with the group using distilled water as a handpiece water source results in 22.4 cfu and 17.0 cfu respectively but the difference is no statistically significant(P>0.05). 4. Measuring cfu at 0.5m and 1.5m distance, 0.5m distance showed higher bacterial number with statistical significance(P<0.01). 5. Classification of bacterial types showed the largest bacterial number came from gram-positive micrococcus(73.9%), and gram-negative micrococcus, gram-negative bacillus, and gram-positive bacillus follow in descending order.