• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.62
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• pp.161-186
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• 2020

This study was conducted with the aim of opening a new horizon in understanding the church, which is a community of faith, in the context of losing social credibility with selfishness and closedness, and spreading social distance due to the epidemic. First, the concept and meaning of 'Ecclesia', a representative term for the church, was studied historically, biblically, and theologically, and Paul's intention was frequently used. Second, we explored the new horizons of the community of faith through a discussion of Roberto Esposito's Communitas and Immunitas, which unraveled the relationship between community and individual with an immunological concept. Not only dis lose social trust for a variety of reasons, but it has been pointed out as a target of social distancing due to the spread of the epidemic virus and is facing a crisis of weakening or loss of the faith community of the "church". Since the second epidemic has been predicted since Covid-19, the partial loss of daily life and the weakening and loss of meeting worship and fellowship in the church are inevitable. The church in the future needs to transform and build a true community of faith that understands the concept of immunity and can lead the transformation of society while revealing the spirit and life scent of Jesus Christ. To this end, innovation and practice of the paradigm of the community of faith appropriate to the rapidly changing times and situations is required. In Chapter 1 of this paper, we propose innovation by pointing out the problems of the church and the faith community, which have lost social credibility, and which are the objects of social distance, with selfishness and closedness. Chapter 2 studies and analyzes the 'Ecclesia' used in ancient Greek to transform the paradigm of the faith community, and identifies the intention of the apostle Paul to apply the 'Ecclesia' to the church's faith community. Chapter 3-4 discusses the concept of immunity, summarizes the reinterpretation of Esposito, who looked at the relationship between the individual and the community through the concept of positive immunity beyond negative immunity. And It draws application points for transforming the faith community of various communities, individuals, and churches. In conclusion, Chapter 5 restores precious gatherings and participation that are weakened and lost through the meaning of 'Ecclesia' and suggests expansion to higher level public gatherings and democratic participation. In addition, based on the reinterpretation of the concept of immunity, we present unity in diversity and diversity in unity as alternatives to the church and community of faith.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.28-41
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• 2024

The carbon balance serves as a valuable indicator of a plant's physiological status under diverse environmental conditions. We investigated the photosynthetic and respiratory responses of the Asian surfgrass Phyllospadix iwatensis along the northeast coast of the Korean peninsula in response to changing water temperature (ranging from 5℃ to 30℃) to estimate the seasonal whole-plant carbon balance through a series of incubation experiments. The maximum gross photosynthetic rate (P_max) showed a significant difference among the temperature treatments, while there was no significant difference in photosynthetic efficiency (α). The maximum gross photosynthetic rate of P. iwatensis reached its peaks at 20℃ treatment (101.65 μmol O₂ g^-1 DW h^-1) but decreased rapidly at 30℃. The saturation irradiance (I_k), compensation irradiance (I_c), and respiration rate (R) of P. iwatensis exhibited significant differences among the temperature treatments. The saturation irradiance increased up to 20-25℃ (121.59-124.50 μmol photons m^-2 s^-1) and sharply decreased at 30℃. The compensation irradiance and respiration rate increased steadily with rising water temperature. The ratio of P_max to R (P_max:R ratio) was the highest at 5℃ but dramatically decreased at 30℃. The whole-plant carbon balance, calculated based on photosynthetic parameters, respiration rates, and biomass, exhibited distinct seasonal variation, increasing during winter and spring and decreasing during summer and fall, which is consistent with the highest in situ growth in spring and severely limited growth at the highest water temperature conditions. Phyllospadix iwatensis displayed a negative carbon balance during late summer, fall, and winter, but demonstrated a positive carbon balance during spring and early summer. Our findings suggest that the rising seawater temperatures associated with climate change may lead to significant alterations in the seagrass ecosystem functioning along the rocky shores of the Korean east coast.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 2016

Individual characteristics and entrepreneurship are important factors to determine entrepreneurial intentions. Despite this, little attention has been given to external factors, which effects to venture start-up decision. This study examines the relationship between individual characteristics and entrepreneurship by moderating effect of Hofstede's cultures dimensions theory. For this, 244 copies of the questionnaire were empirically analyzed. According to the results of analysis, internal locus of control, self-efficacy were found to have positive effects on autonomy, innovativeness, pro-activeness. In addition, uncertainty avoidance of Hofstede's cultures dimensions theory were found the moderating effects on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, this study suggests theoretical and practical implications, as below, according to the results. Firstly, pro-activeness take a important part on venture start-up. Thus, venture start-up institution and venture managers need to develop "venture education curriculum" that fostering the pro-activeness mind of entrepreneur. Secondly, In order to anticipate entrepreneurial intentions more precisely, analyzing the interaction between environmental variables and individual variables is desirable. Lastly, in the future study of entrepreneurship, the comprehensive analysis of correlation between the factors that including three factors of entrepreneurship is need to be conducted and more effective way of readdressing the entrepreneurship is necessary.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1121-1144
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• 2011

This research is an investigation of difficulties encountered by authors of 5th and 6th grade science textbooks. The aim is to assist authors in creating more easily understandable textbooks in the future. In-depth interviews were conducted with 6 teachers who have previously taken part in the development of 5th and 6th grade texts. The responses given during these interviews were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding as suggested by Strauss and Corbin (1998). The results are as follows: In open coding, related concepts were extracted and classified into 15 main categories and 46 sub-categories. In axial coding, the main categories were arranged into causal conditions, main phenomenon, context, intervening conditions, action and interactional strategies, and consequences wherein they were consistently related to each other based on Grounded theory. Finally, in selective coding, core categories were instilled whereby the texts being developed were categorized into conservative, progressive, and innovative to allow for easier interpretation. This was done to improve the overall quality of Science textbooks.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.173-176
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• 1996

정보통신기술은 현재 및 미래의 생활양식, 사회모습, 정치/경제/문화등에 이르기까지 모든 분양에 미치는 파급효과가 크기 때문에, 정보통신 기술개발에 관한 의사결정에 있어서는 기술 정책적인 고려가 반드시 필요하다. 그러나, 그 동안 정보통신 기술개발에 관한 의사결정에서 국가 차원의 정책적 고려가 매우 미흡하였다. 본 연구에서는 정보통신 분야에서의 기술정책에 대한 체계적 접근을 시도하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 세부분으로 구성되어 있다. 첫째, 정보통신 분야 기술정책의 체계를 제시하였다. 기존의 관련자료와 기술개발 전문가 및 정책 입안자들과의 면담을 거쳐 본 연구에서는 정보통신 기술정책에 포함되어야 할 주요내용을 1. 비전 및 우선순, 2. 산업조직및 하부구조, 3. 기술확보, 관리및 활용, 4. 정부 역할 및 정책 추진 기본 체계, 5. 국가 기술혁신시스템의 구축등 5개 부문으로 구분하고 각 부문별로 우리나라 정책현황과 문제점, 개선방안을 검토하였다. 둘째, 정보통신 기술개발에 관한 의사결정에서 고려해야 할 사항들을 정리하여 3단계 기술정책 수립모형을 개발하였다. 1단계에서는 검토대상사업이 정보통신 기술정책의 기본 지침과 일치하는지 확인하고, 2단계에서는 검토대상사업이 정보통신 기술정책의 내용상 우선순위에 부합하는지 검토한다. 3단계에서는 구체적인 기술정책지표에 의해 검토대상사업을 항목별로 검토하고 종합평가하여 최종의사결정을 한다. 여러 기술정책지표 항목들에 대해 가중치를 주어 평점모형(Scoring Model)을 통해 종합지표를 산출할 수도 있다. 셋째, 본 연구에서 제시한 3단계 기술정책 의사결정과정 모형을 CDMA 개발의 타당성을 검증하였다., (4) 교수-학생간의 인간적인 관계, (5) 숙제 및 과제물과 같은 5가지의 요인으로 구성되어진 것으로 분석되었다. 특히 한국학생을 대상으로 하여 AHP를 이용하여 각 요인들의 수업효과에 대한 상대적 가중치를 조사하였다. 특이한 결과는, 미국학생의 경우 수업준비 및 강의 방법이 상대적으로 중시된 반면, 한국학생들은 미국학생들이 비교적 덜 중시하는 교수-학생간의 인간적인 관계가 수업효과를 높이는데 가장 큰 기여를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 한국 문화의 특징이라 할 수 있는 교수-학생간의 인간적인 관계가 중시되는 교육환경하에서, 정보화 사회의 한 수업형태인 재택수업을 외국(특히 미국)의 방법을 그대로 따라 실시할 경우, 많은 부작용이 있을 수 있다는 것을 암시하며, 따라서 우리 교육문화에 맞는 재택수업 형태의 개발이 시급함을 제시한다고 하겠다.column density of HCaN is (1-3):n1014cm-2. Column density at distant position from MD5 is larger than that in the (:entral region. We have deduced that this hot-core has a mass of 10sR1 which i:s about an order of magnitude larger those obtained by previous studies.previous studies.업순서들의 상관관계를 고려하여 보다 개선된 해를 구하기 위한 연구가 요구된다. 또한, 준비작업비용을 발생시키는 작업장의 작업순서결정에 대해서도 연구를 행하여, 보완작업비용과 준비비용을 고려한 GMMAL 작업순서문

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.712-729
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• 2002

In this study, we evaluated degree of importance of e-marketplace solution selection factors. Factor analysis was conducted to find out relationships among various variables which come from literature survey. The result shows that 16(sixteen) -selection variables regarding solution characteristics could be grouped into four areas 'flexibility', 'ease of use', 'security', and 'economy'. And 11(eleven) selection variables regarding to vendor characteristics could be grouped into three areas, 'vendor's support', vendor's general situation', and 'vendor's business accomplishment`. Through various analysis, we found important factors for 3 types of operational companies, buyer-biased, seller biased and neutral. 'Security for data item' was showed as the most important factor for all kind of B2B operational companies. For buyer-biased companies, additional supporting manpower, solution education, and educational cost are shown to be more important factors than others. Place of education, education hours and education level are important for 'Neutral' companies. And the factor 'market share of vendor' are important for 'seller biased' companies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.112-119
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• 2006

본 논문은 디지털홈서비스의 실제 이용자들에 대한 실증분석을 통해 수용에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 밝히기 위한 연구이다. 디지털홈서비스의 특성에 맞게 기술수용모형 (TAM) 을 확장. 수정된 연구모형을 개발, 가설을 설정하여 분석하였다. 외부변수로 이용자의 특성을 채택하였으며, 디지털홈서비스가 가정 내 기술임을 고려하여 신념변수로 ‘지각된 이용용이성’과 ‘지각된 즐거움’ 외에 ‘지각된 편의성’, ‘지각된 안전성’, ‘지각된 삶의 질 향상’이라는 변수를 추가하였고 종속변수로는 ‘이용행동’을 설정하였다. 205명의 실제 이용자를 대상으로 한 설문조사 중 201개의 유효표본을 분석하였고, 신뢰성과 타당성 모두 통계적으로 적합한 것으로 나타났다. AMOS 4를 이용한 구조방정식 모형분석을 통해 24개의 가설검증 결과, 13개의 가설이 채택되었다. 이용자 개인의 특성 중 경험과 교육훈련은 지각된 이용용이성에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤으며 혁신성은 지각된 즐거움, 지각된 편의성, 지각된 안전성, 지각된 삶의 질 향상에 대하여 정(+)의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 또한 지각된 이용용이성이 다른 신념변수인 지각된 즐거움, 지각된 편의성, 지각된 안정성, 지각된 삶의 질 향상에 정의 영향을 미치고 있었다. 종속변수인 이용행동에는 지각된 즐거움과 지각된 편의성, 지각된 삶의 질 향상이 긍정적인 영향을 미치나, 지각된 이용용이성과 지각된 안전성은 영향을 미치지 않았다. 가정에서 쉽게 이용할 수 있다는 것만으로는 적극적인 이용 행동을 기대할 수 없으며, 즐거움 및 실용적인 효익들의 제공 및 이를 위한 다양한 컨텐츠와 프로그램 개발 등이 매우 중요하다는 것을 시사하고 있다.수십억원의 추가적인 이익을 실현할 것으로 분석되었다. 본 알고리즘을 확장 적용할 경우 PBUC 문제 해결을 위한 새로운 해법으로도 그 효용성이 클 것으로 예상된다.자료이기 때문에 통계적 활용의 범위가 방대하다. 특히 개인, 가구, 사업체 등 사회 활동의 주체들이 어떻게 변화하는지를 추적할 수 있는 자료를 생산함으로써 다양한 인과적 통계분석을 할 수 있다. 행정자료를 활용한 인구센서스의 이러한 특징은 국가의 교육정책, 노동정책, 복지정책 등 다양한 정책을 정확한 자료를 근거로 수립할 수 있는 기반을 제공한다(Gaasemyr, 1999). 이와 더불어 행정자료 기반의 인구센서스는 비용이 적게 드는 장점이 있다. 예를 들어 덴마크나 핀란드에서는 조사로 자료를 생산하던 때의 1/20 정도 비용으로 행정자료로 인구센서스의 모든 자료를 생산하고 있다. 특히, 최근 모든 행정자료들이 정보통신기술에 의해 데이터베이스 형태로 바뀌고, 인터넷을 근간으로 한 컴퓨터네트워크가 발달함에 따라 각 부처별로 행정을 위해 축적한 자료를 정보통신기술로 연계${cdot}$통합하면 막대한 조사비용을 들이지 않더라도 인구센서스자료를 적은 비용으로 생산할 수 있는 근간이 마련되었다. 이렇듯 행정자료 기반의 인구센서스가 많은 장점을 가졌지만, 그렇다고 모든 국가가 당장 행정자료로 인구센서스를 대체할 수 있는 것은 아니다. 행정자료로 인구센서스통계를 생산하기 위해서는 각 행정부서별로 사용하는 행정자료들을 연계${cdot}$통합할 수 있도록 국가사회전반에 걸쳐 행정 체제가 갖추어져야 하기 때문이다. 특히 모든 국민 개개인에 관한 기본정보, 개인들이 거주하며

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.37 no.sup
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• pp.87-121
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• 2015

To attract more FDI inflows, the Korean government has designated several special economic zones (SEZs), offering various advantages and support to the FDI. There is, however, a shared acknowledgement that those efforts have gained little reward. In this regard, this paper empirically analyzes company-level performances of labor productivity, operating profit ratio, propensity to invest and innovate, etc. and then conducts regression analysis and PSM analysis to see whether these performances are meaningfully different between foreign-invested firm and domestic firm and between foreign-invested firms. The main findings of this paper are as follows. First, in the aspects of labor productivity and operating profit ratio, no empirical evidence was found to support the hypothesis that foreign-invested firm outperforms domestic firm in efficiency and profitability, Second, in the aspects of propensity to invest, foreign-invested firms in foreign investment zones outperformed domestic firms. Third, in the aspect of R&D investment, overall, foreign-invested firms showed a stronger propensity to invest than domestic firms, but there is no empirical evidence that high propensity to invest was driven by the policy on special economic zones. In the aspect of investment in educational training, empirical evidences were found that the role of foreign-invested firms outside the special zones turned out to be the strongest and that among firms inside special zones, it was those in the free economic zone that outperformed domestic firms. Lastly, foreign-invested firms showed a stronger propensity to employ than domestic firms, but there is no empirical evidence that high propensity to employ was driven by the policy on special economic zones.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.77-87
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• 2011

The advent of new platforms each year along with the advancement of technology provides a new opportunity for digital media designers to develop creative and innovative contents. This phenomenon affect the same way the students that major in the digital media, and the use of the platforms that is based on the new technology in the development of contents gives a newer and useful opportunity for learning to the students who recently study the digital media area. As the main technology of the recent digital media that attract many students' attention, we are presenting virtual reality display, movement cognition, physical engine and the gesture interface, and developed the consolidated platform based on these four technologies, and designed them in a way that can be more easily implemented in a simpler way. In order to study the efficiency of the platform with the objective of the development of digital media contents, we have developed four different prototype contents, and have measured based on the user's preference, efficiency and satisfaction. In the results of usability evaluation, functionality, effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction were rated as 'high'. This results shows that the suggested 3D platform environment provides students to develop a rapid prototype fast and easy, and this may have a positive influence on students major in the digital media to conduct creative development research.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.981-990
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between job searching efficacy and employment stress of the allied health students. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 269 allied health students in Gyeongnam from September to October 30, 2015. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects(5 items), employment stress(22 items), job searching efficacy(27 items). Data were analyzed by SPSS 20. program. Results: In case of the man, good economic level, dissatisfied with major have higher job searching efficacy in allied health students. Department of physical therapy students had higher employment stress. The employment stress has an effect on higher self-esteem, higher employment in information technology, in case of the man, lower career adopted a capability. Conclusions: It is necessary to reduce employment stress of the allied health students. That should be provide support of economical, innovation curriculum development opportunity of self-development on improve the self esteem and employment in information technology, interview skill, writing resume from freshman to broaden understanding of the majors, for the employment stress coping skill.