• Title/Summary/Keyword: 교사 교육 프로그램

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Evaluation of Foodservice Quality Performance of Middle Schools in Busan (부산 일부지역 중학생 급식에 대한 성과평가)

  • Iyu Eun-Soon;Lee Kyung-A
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
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    • v.21 no.6 s.90
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    • pp.829-837
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    • 2005
  • 본 연구는 중학교 급식의 품질 개선을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하고자 학교급식을 시행하고 있는 부산지역 중학교 중에서 8개 학교를 대상으로 학교급식 서비스 품질의 급식 성과와 잔식에 대해 조사하였으며 이에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 중학교 급식서비스의 품질 특성의 급식성과에 대한 결과, 전체 평균은 2.93점이고 공지된 식단의 정확한 배식>음식의 영양>음식의 맛>식단의 다양한 순으로 급식성과가 높은 것으로 나타났으나, 건의사항의 반영, 불만처리의 신속함, 반납장소의 청결 항목은 급식성과가 2.50점 이하로 전체 평균에 훨씬 못 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 여학생들이 남학생들에 비해, 급식경험 기간이 낮은 학생들이 급식경험 기간이 높은 학생들에 비해 급식서비스 품질특성 다섯 영역 모두에서 유의적으로(< 0.01) 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 그리고 매일 아침식사를 하는 학생들이 결식을 하는 학생들에 비해 식단의 다양함, 배식시간의 정확성, 공지된 식단의 정확한 배식에서 유의적(p <0.01)으로 높은 점수가 나타났다. 2. 학생들의 급식되는 음식에 대한 섭취정도에 대한결과에서, 여학생들이 남학생들에 비해 김치(>0.01)와 국 및 찌개(<0.05)에서 유의적으로 낮은 섭취율을 보였다. 또한 매일 아침식사를 하는 학생들이 아침식사횟수가 적은 학생들 보다 모든 식단에서 유의적으로 섭취율이 높게 나타났다. 3. 급식된 음식을 남기는 이유에 대한 결과에서, 밥의 경우에는 양이 너무 많아서, 국 및 찌개와 반찬의 경우에는 음식 맛이 없어서, 김치의 경우에는 자주 배식되어서가 주된 이유로 나타났다. 4. 학생들이 개선되기를 바라는 항목은 위생적인 음식> 식기류의 청결> 반찬 맛 순으로 높은 개선 요구도를 나타내었다 아침식사 횟수가 주 2회 이하인 학생들이 다른 학생들에 비해 #반찬수의 증가(<0.01)#,#음식양의 증가(<0.05)#,#급식종사자의 친절함(<0.05)#과 #공지된 식단의 정확한 배식(<0.05)#에 대해 유의적으로 높은 급식개선 요구도를 나타냈다. 5. 급식경험 기간과 급식성과 점수간의 상관관계에서, 급식성과는 급식경험 기간과 음(-)의 상관관계를, 아침식사횟수와는 양(+)의 상관관계를 보였으며, 서비스 품질의 특성 영역은 각 영역들에 대한 급식성과 점수가 높을수록 다른 영역의 급식성과 점수가 높은 유의적인(p <0.01) 양(+)의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 살펴볼 때, 균형된 영양공급이 다른 어느 시기보다 더 중요한 우리의 청소년들의 학교급식에 대한 만족도를 높이기 위해서 다음과 같은 제언을 하고자 한다. 먼저, 학교급식에 대한 식단 작성 시 학생들이 학교에서 제공되기 원하는 식단에 대한 의견을 받고 그 의견에 대한 결과를 게시하여 학생들이 제공되기 원하는 식단을 급식 시 제공하여 학생들이 식단선택에 동참할 수 있는 기회를 주는 것이 바람직하겠다. 또한 영양사는 학급의 반대표와의 정기적인 모임을 가짐으로서 학생들의 불만사항 및 개선 요구사항에대해 서로 의견을 교환하여 설문지조사가 아닌 직접적인 대화를 하여 문제점을 파악하고자 하는 적극적인 자세가 필요하겠다. 특히 아침식사의 결식 빈도가 높았고 이는 급식성과에 부정적인 영향을 줄 뿐 아니라 학교에서 제공하는 음식의 섭취정도에도 영향을 주고 있으므로 학생들에게 학부모와 전담교사 및 학교영양사는 학생들에게 이상적인 아침식사에 대한 교육은 물론이고 아침식사를 실천할 수 있도록 다양한 방안에 대해 함께 연구해야 하겠다. 정부차원에서 학교급식에 아침식사 프로그램을 도입할 수 있는 방안을 연구하고, 아침을 결식하는 학생이 학교에서 수업시작 하기 전에 간단한 식사를 할 수 있는 정책 도입이 필요하다

Therapeutic use of percussion instruments for children with aggressive behaviors - Case studies with quantitative and qualitative approaches - (공격성 아동을 위한 음악치료 -타악기 연주활동 중심의 사례연구-)

  • Han, Jee hyun
    • Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.33-56
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is to measure the effect of musical activities on children's aggressiveness using percussion playing through case studies and to present the therapeutic programs. Musical activities using percussion playing were organized for three aggressive children. Twenty-one small group sessions were conducted over seven weeks with 30 minutes given each session. Fourth-grade children involved in using Aggressiveness Measuring Tool for Teachers-revised by Gwak Geum-Joo(1992) was selected for case studies. Children's impulsiveness was also tested through self-test measuring tool for impulsiveness-revision of 16 questions used by Cho Hae Yeon (2001) and Lee Joo Shik (2003). As quantitative method, comparative analysis was made between the pre and post test results using measuring tools for aggressiveness and impulsiveness of children as well as between aggressive behaviors occurring in the initial stage of the first three sessions and in the latter stage of the last three sessions. Qualitative method was used at the same time to examine the effect of percussion playing on children. After the musical activities, child A showed reduced Aggressive Measuring Tool scores from 19 to 18, with child B from 23 to 19 and child C from 21 to 18. The results show that occurrence of aggressive behaviors were lowered in the post test. Impulsiveness Measuring Tool scores in the post test were decreased as well in all three children. During the music therapy programs, it was also observed that the frequency of the target behaviors in all three children has reduced more in the latter stage than the initial stage of music therapy. The qualitative findings indicate that the children experienced releasing stress through self-expression after percussion playing. These findings indicate therapeutic effectiveness of music therapy using on percussion playing in reducing aggressiveness of children as well as the effectiveness of percussion as a therapeutic intervention for aggressive children. These results can be adapted and reapplied by teachers in primary schools to approach children with behavior problems, and can present a useful therapeutic approach to therapists practicing in clinical environments.

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Asynchronous development of young gifted children by parents′ perception (부모의 지각에 따른 유아영재의 비동시적 발달특성)

  • 윤형주;윤여홍
    • Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.65-80
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the Asynchronous development of young gifted children by parents' perception. Total 3 groups of 145 subjects from age 30 months to 6 years 10 months old young gifted children's parents participated. The major findings were as follows: (1) The mean developmental characteristics was at a high average level. The developmental subscales tended to be high. The level of verbal understanding/expression tended to be high. It reared as followed; intellectual capacity, emotional maturity, visual-motor coordination, morality, self-behavior control, emotion control, physical development, social development, peer relationship, leadership ability. (2) There were significant differences between intellectual capacity, verbal understanding /expression and physical, social development, self-behavior control, emotion control. There were significant differences between physical development, self-behavior control and emotion control as children got lower. There were significant differences between verbal understanding/expression and visual-motor coordination as children got older. There were significant differences between social development, peer relationship and self-behavior control, emotion control as children got older. Also, there were significant differences between leadership ability and self-behavior control, emotion control as children got older. There were significant differences between morality and self-behavior control as children got older. These findings suggested that young gifted children were in the special needs because of the developmental differences.

Nutrition Knowledge and Eating Behavior of Middle School Students in Gwangju Area (광주지역 중학생의 영양지식 및 식습관)

  • Han, Dae-In;Jung, Lan-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.33 no.3
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    • pp.41-63
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutritional knowledge and eating behavior of middle school students in Gwangju area in order to provide basic data for the development of home economics curriculum that can help the students form healthy eating habits. For this purpose, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to middle school students in Gwangju area. A total of 330 questionnaires were collected by convenience sampling and analyzed using SPSS(Statistics Package for the Social Science) Version 20.0 for Windows. Results of this study are as follows. First, school curriculum session ranked top(31.82%) on the list of sources for middle school students to acquire nutrition knowledge. Second, the mean score of nutrition knowledge of all respondents was moderately high(14.33 points out of maximum 20 points). In terms of nutrition knowledge by gender, female students had a higher level of nutrition knowledge in the 'Food' domain than their male counterparts(p<0.05). With regard to nutrition knowledge by grade, Grade 9 showed a higher score than Grade 7 and 8(p<0.001). Third, the mean score of eating behavior of all respondents was at an average level(69.75 out of 100 points). In terms of eating behavior by gender, male students showed a higher score than their female counterparts(p<0.05). In particular, male students had higher scores than female students for the following items: "I exercise regularly after school"(p<0.001); "I regularly eat meal three times per day"(p<0.01); "I don't skip breakfast"(p<0.01); and "I don't eat sweet food often"(p<0.01). In terms of eating behavior by grade, Grade 9 showed higher scores than Grades 7 and 8 for the following items: "I eat meal out of thankfulness for those who have prepared food"(p<0.01) and "I eat grains for every meal"(p<0.01). Finally, with regard to eating behavior depending on the level of nutrition knowledge, the 'Upper' and 'Middle' groups had higher scores for eating behavior than the 'Lower' group, indicating that a lower level of nutrition knowledge resulted in a lower score in eating behavior. Based on the above results, home economics teachers responsible for dietary education should have a greater sense of mission and pride and make more efforts to improve nutrition knowledge and eating behavior of middle school students.

The Influence of Musical Activities on Social and Emotional Behavior of Infants (음악활동이 영아의 사회·정서적 행동에 미치는 영향 - 만 2세(25-36개월) 영아를 중심으로)

  • Nam, Ok Seon
    • Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.18-40
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of musical activities on social and emotional behavior of infants, through providing musical activities to the infants who were cared in a nursery and observing the interactions between peer group, or a therapist and an infant derived during them. The subject is 24 infants who are under 2 years of age(25~36months) at two nurseries located in Bundang area, and 13 infants among them are randomly assigned as study group and 11 infants as control group. Pretest and posttest about social and emotional behavior are performed, and ITSEA developed by Brggs-Gowan and Carter(2001) and amended by Shin Ji Yeon(2004) was used as an evaluation tool. Infants' changes of interaction behaviors during musical play were also analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, and for the analysis, infant's social play behavior examination tool developed by Holloway and Reichhart-Erickson(1988) was adopted. Based on time sampling method, each item of this tool was evaluated. Each session was performed for 15 minutes, and 60 times of analysis about interactions per session was conducted at every 15 seconds. The analysis result was showed with a table and a graph, and described qualitatively about behavior changes. When compared social and emotional positive behavior average figures and negative behavior average figures between study group and control group, this study showed that the positive behavior figure of study group was increased and the negative behavior figure was decreased. While concentration and empathy among positive behaviors increased meaningfully, aggression, defiance, separation anxiety and rejection to new things among negative activities also decreased meaningfully. The conclusion of this study is as follows. First, interactions with peers or a therapist based on music and musical experience make an effect on strengthening positive behavior among social and emotional behavior and decreasing negative behavior. Second, music has influence on negative behaviors more than positive behaviors of an infant, and produces a good effect on sub behaviors of negative behaviors specially.

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A Comparison of American and Korean Experimental Studies on Positive Behavior Support within a Multi-Tiered System of Supports (다층지원체계 중심의 긍정적 행동지원에 관한 한국과 미국의 실험연구 비교분석)

  • Chang, Eun Jin;Lee, Mi-Young;Jeong, Jae-Woo;ChoBlair, Kwang-Sun;Lee, Donghyung;Song, Wonyoung;Han, Miryeung
    • Korean Journal of School Psychology
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.399-431
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to summarize the empirical literature on implementation of positive behavior support (PBS) within a multi-tiered system of supports in American and Korean schools and to compare its key features and outcomes in an attempt to suggest future directions for development of a Korean school-wide PBS model and implementation manuals as well as directions for future research. Twenty-four American articles and 11 Korean articles (total 35 articles) that reported the outcomes of implementation of PBS at a tier 1 and/or tier 2, or tier 3 level and that met established inclusion criteria were analyzed using systematic procedures. Comparisons were made in the areas of key features and outcomes of PBS in addition to general methodology (e.g., participants, design, implementation duration, dependent measures) at each tier of PBS. The results indicated that positive outcomes for student behavior and other areas were reported across tiers in all American and Korean studies. At the tier 1 level, teaching expectations and rules were the primary focus of PBS in American and Korean schools. However, Korean schools focused on modifying the school and classroom environments and teaching social skills whereas American schools focused on teacher training on standardized interventions or curricular by experts and teacher support during implementation of PBS. At the tier 2 level, more American studies reported implementation of tier 2 interventions within school-wide PBS, and Check/In Check/Out (CICO) was found to be the most commonly used tier 2 intervention. The results also indicated that in comparison to Korean schools, American schools were more likely to use systematic screening tools or procedures to identify students who need tier 2 interventions and more likely to promote parental involvement with implementing interventions. At the tier 3 level, more Korean studies reported the outcomes of individualized interventions, but more American studies reported that designing individualized intervention plans based on comprehensive functional behavior assessment results and establishment of systematic screening systems were focused when implementing individualized interventions. Furthermore, few Korean studies reported the assessment of procedural integrity, social validity, and contextual fit in implementing PBS across tiers, indicating the need for development of valid instruments that could be used in assessing these areas. Based on these results, limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

The effect of using portfolio-based lessons on the development of self-identity of female middle school students and its two-year follow up - Focusing on the 'Understanding Adolescents' unit in middle school technology and home economics - (자아정체감 발달 수업에서의 포트폴리오 수업방법의 효과와 학년별 추이 - 기술.가정 교과의 청소년의 이해 단원을 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Hyun-Jung;Cho, Byung-Eun
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.119-134
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    • 2014
  • This research looks at the effects of portfolio-based lessons to help female middle school students understand and develop their self identity, and to examine the influence of various factors within the school and home environment. The participants were 256 female middle school students in Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do and the analysis was done using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program. The 6 portfolio-based teaching lessons were made with the aim of developing each subordinate scope in every module for development of self-receptiveness, uniqueness, closeness, tendency of planning the future, and independence. Results of the pre and post-test revealed that scores of self-receptiveness and uniqueness increased. Content analysis revealed that the students pursued their talents and interests through the portfolio activities, and made specific plans for their future careers. In sum, the results demonstrate that the students became specifically and systematically concerned about their future career. The results of hierarchical regression showed that self-receptiveness developed when their parents' attitudes were not rejecting and their peer relationships were positive. Uniqueness was shown to develop as the fostering attitudes of parents were receptive. Closeness developed as fostering attitudes of parents were receptive and as their relationships with peers were positive. The students' tendency to plan the future developed as fostering attitudes of parents were receptive and as their relationships with teachers were good, and independence was shown to develop as the fostering attitudes of parents were not rejecting. Results of a two-year follow-up study appeared that self-receptiveness scores decreased as time passed, so students had highest scores in their first year and lowest scores in their third year. Scores of uniqueness, tendency of planning the future, and identity increased in the students' second year and then remained steadily afterward.

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Evaluation of the Effect of Operation of Toothbrushing Room in between Two Elementary Schools (일부 초등학교 양치교실 운영 효과 평가)

  • Seong, Mi-Gyung;Kwun, Hyeon-Sook;Moon, Sook-Ryeon;Ryu, Hae-Gyum
    • Journal of dental hygiene science
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.24-31
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    • 2015
  • This research was conducted in order to examine the effect of tooth brushing room M elementary school in Changwon-city and to provide foundation data for effective project operation afterwards. The subjects were 347 students at the M elementary school where the tooth brushing room was being taught. The control group is 289 students at J elementary school where the tooth brushing room was not being taught. Research and analysis were carried out with structured survey and examination of decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index, decayed, missing, filled tooth surface (DMFS) index and O'leary index. The data was analysed by IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 19.0 program and the result is as follows: Depends on the tooth brushing room there was difference in statistical significance in filling teeth, sealant tooth surface, filling tooth surface, missing tooth surface, DMFS, O'leary index between the subject and control group. The less the frequency of brushing, the higher the DMFT index. Negative correlation was statistically significant. With incorrect brushing method, the less the frequency, the higher the DMFS index, Negative correlation was statistically significant. When the tooth brushing room was being implemented, O'leary index became low, negative correlation was statistically significant. As a result, in order to continue the effective operation of tooth brushing room, constant supervision and monitoring on students should be acutely needed by a principal, a school nurse and teachers in charge. Also together with a systemized cooperation between a health center and a nearby university's related majors departments, the research proposes to execute constant oral health education and to expand the implementation project of the tooth brushing room at nearby elementary schools.

A Study on the Temporomandibular Joint Disorder and School Life Stress of High School Student by Department (계열별 남자고등학생의 학교생활스트레스와 측두하악장애에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Jung-Hwa;Choi, Jung-Mi
    • Journal of dental hygiene science
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    • v.7 no.3
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    • pp.179-185
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study targeted on high school student in the department of liberal arts, industry in Daegu metropolitan city, is to get basic data necessary for the development of dental educational program, to discern prevention and treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder by observing the situation temporomandibular joint disorder and contribution element, of relationship of school life stress The results are as follows.: 1. The percentage of occurring temporomandibular joint disorder in the high school resulted in a joint noise at 61.8% and joint dislocation 6.9%, sharp pain 47.5% at time of chewing. 29.8% at the time of the non-chewing, lockjaw 11.3%, a headache appeared at 40.4%.2. In the contribution factor of occurring temporomandibular joint disorder, the cause of joint noise was the clench one's teeth, lip and cheek clench, For the pain at the time of chewing clench one's teeth, one side chewing, over-chewing, lip clench, sideways sleeping showed the difference. (P < 0.01) For the pain at the time of non-chewing, clench one's teeth, bruxism, one side chewing, lip and cheek clench were similar, and for the lockjaw, clench one's teeth, bruxism, sideways sleeping showed the difference. The plum evil thing period at time of the fault writing that statistically showed the difference. For the headache, the contribution factors were the all bad habits mentioned above excluding one side sleeping.(P < 0.01, P < 0.05). 3. The rate of experiencing temporomandibular joint disorder by oral and maxillofacia was 13.4% in industrial department, and 19.6% in liberal arts. And for the factor of wound was that exercise 26.8%, others 24.4%, fall-down 19.5%. And for the industrial, exercise 44.4%, fall-down 22.2%, others 14.9%. The treatment experience appeared at 5.0% in industrial department, 2.9% in liberal arts. And for the medical institutions, liberal arts were dental clinic 50%, orthopedics 50%, and the industrial department orthopedics 40%, oriental medicine clinic 30%, dental clinic 30%. 4. In case of temporomandibular joint disorder, there were no difference by grades or educational background. And at the time of chewing or non-chewing showed similar difference.(P < 0.01). 5. Compared to stress in the high school, it generally showed higher in liberal arts than in industrial department due to school record. Its scope was $3.75{\pm}1.14$ in liberal arts, $3.01{\pm}1.23$ in industrial department. 6. The school record, school life, stress problems by teachers, chewing/non-chewing pain of temporomandibular joint disorder, joint noise had a similar correlation.(P < 0.01, < 0.05).

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Guidelines of Bioequivalence Studies of Medical Products in Europe (유럽의 의약품 생물학적 동등성 시험 가이드라인)

  • Yoo, Tae-Moo;Yi, Sun-Woo;Park, In-Sook;Suh, Soo-Kung;Ahn, Mee-Ryung;Choi, Hong-Suk;Jin, Sook;Sohn, Soo-Jung;Yang, Ji-Sun
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.299-307
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    • 2000
  • 생물학적 동등성 시험은 동일 성분을 동량 함유한 제제가 유사조건에서 투여되었을 경우 그 유효성분이 전신순환혈이나 작용부위에서 유용하게 되는 속도 및 양에 큰 차이가 없음을 입증하는 시험이다. 즉 이미 제조허가 되어 시판중인 의약품과 동일한 품목의 제조허가를 받기 위한 경우이거나 생체이용률이 동일함을 증명하기 위해 실시하는 시험이다. 우리 나라에서는 1989년 1월 1일 이후 허가된 전문의약품으로서 신약과 동일한 의약품, 패취제제, 제제개선을 통해 흡수율을 높이는 경우에 생물학적 동등성 시험을 하도록 의무화하고 있다. 미국 FDA는 1975년 6월 생체이용률, 생물학적 동등성에 관한 규제안을 발표하였고, 우리 나라에서도 1988년 10월에 생물학적 동등성 시험 기준을 제정하였다. 유럽에서는 1991년 12월 CPMP(Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products)에 의해 최초로 "생체이용률 및 생물학적 동등성에 대한 가이드라인"이 채택되었다. 그후 전문가 회의를 거쳐 규정 전반에 관한 것과 일반적 항목에 대한 검토가 이루어져 최종 개정된 가이드라인이 만들어졌다. 현재 in vivo 생체 이용률을 비교하는 생물학적 동등성 시험의 중요성이 증대되고 있고, 국제적으로도 각 국가별 생물학적 동등성 시험의 평가방법이나 기준설정에 대한 연구가 다양하게 이루어지고 있다. 또한 ICH에서도 생물학적 동등성 시험의 국제적 조화를 위한 시도가 이루어지고 있다. 우리 나라의 현행 생물학적 동등성 기준은 1998년 개정된 것을 사용하고 있으나 국제적 발전 추세에 맞추어 기준의 제고를 모색하고 있다. 그 일환으로 유럽의 "의약품의 생체이용률 및 생물학적 동등성 시험 가이드라인"을 소개하고자 한다., globunlin II의 두 component로 분리(分離)되었고 oryzenin은 시료(試料) 육우(陸羽) 132호(號), 등판(藤坂) 5호(號), 관산(關山) 재건(再建)에서는 oryzenin I, oryzenin II, oryzenin III의 3 component를 분리(分離)하였고 팔달(八達), 진흥(振興), 서광(瑞光), 은방주(銀坊主), 다마금(多摩錦), Pin Galw56의 6시료(試料)에서는 oryzenin II, oryzenin III의 2 component만 분리(分離)하였다. 3. 각(各) fraction을 여지전기영동(濾紙電氣泳動)하여 각(各) component의 농도곡선(濃度曲線)에 의해 함량(含量)을 구(求)한 결과(結果) albumin 0.26%, globulin I, 0.35%, globulin II, 0.32%, prolamin, 0.41%, oryzenin I, 0.30%, oryzenin II, 2.23%, oryzenin III, 2.66%이었다.미국의 경우 3일 이내 전화나 FAX로 보고하고, 10일이내 문서로써 보고하도록 되어 있다. 이러한 임상적 안전성 자료 관리에 대한 신속 보고 정의 및 기준에 대해서는 ICH에서도 논의가 되어 Step 4까지 다다르고 있으므로 앞으로 각 국에서의 적용만 남아있는 상태이고 보면 신약의 개발과 더불어 임상시험에서의 부작용등의 안전성 자료 관리에 대한 중요성은 더욱 강조될 것이다.공하는 음식의 섭취정도에도 영향을 주고 있으므로 학생들에게 학부모와 전담교사 및 학교영양사는 학생들에게 이상적인 아침식사에 대한 교육은 물론이고 아침식사를 실천할 수 있도록 다양한 방안에 대해 함께 연구해야 하겠다. 정부차원에서 학교급식에 아침식사 프로그램을 도입할

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