• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.161-170
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• 2007

A submerged biofilm sequencing batch reactor (SBSBR) process, which liquor was internally circulated through sandfilter, was designed, and performances in swine wastewater treatment was evaluated under a condition of no external carbon source addition. Denitrification of NOx-N with loading rate in vertical and slope type of sandfilter was 19% and 3.8%, respectively, showing approximately 5 times difference, and so vertical type sandfilter was chosen for the combination with SBSBR. When the process was operated under 15 days HRT, 105L/hr.m3 of internal circulation rate and 54g/m3.d of NH4-N loading rate, treatment efficiencies of STOC, NH4-N and TN (as NH4-N plus NOx-N) was 75%, 97% and 85%, respectively. By conducting internal circulation through sandfilter, removal performances of TN were enhanced by 14%, and the elevation of nitrogen removal was mainly attributed to occurrence of denitrification in sandfilter. Also, approximately 57% of phosphorus was removed with the conduction of internal circulation through sandfilter, meanwhile phosphorus concentration in final effluent rather increased when the internal circulation was not performed. Therefore, It was quite sure that the continuous internal circulation of liquor through sandfilter could contribute to enhancement of biological nutrient removal. Under 60g/m3.d of NH4-N loading rate, the NH4-N level in final effluent was relatively low and constant(below 20mg/L) and over 80% of nitrogen removal was maintained in spite of loading rate increase up to 100g/m3.d. However, the treatment efficiency of nitrogen was deteriorated with further increase of loading rate. Based on this result, an optimum loading rate of nitrogen for the process would be 100g/m3.d.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.261-266
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• 2004

This experiment was carried out to confirm the stability of bar gene introduced into petunia plant through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, in successive generation, or after crossing or back-crossing. Some of different 25 transgenic plants were used in crossing and back-crossing to wild type, or repeated-selfing to T$_4$ generation. On the processing of experiment, it was found that some lines lost their resistant ability to herbicide basta, or showed non-Mendelian segregation mode: produced much more susceptible segregants than resistant plants. Even though there are exceptional cases, which was off from expected, the genetic stability of bar gene introduced could be confirmed strongly, because in almost case, the segregation of resistant and susceptible plants to basta was done under Mendelian-law according to single gene dominant model.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 1991

So as to compare the differences of major agronomic traits according to fall plant types, two cultivars and eight lines which were derived from the same pedigree, were planted and analyzed. The heading and mature times, and culum length of erect plant types were earlier or longer, but the spike number per ㎡ and yield were smaller than the those of prostrate types. Also, 1000 grain weith, assortment rate and light penetration rate in erect types were greater than in prostrate types. The heading time was positively correlated with mature time and yield, but negatively correlated with culum length, 1000 grain weight, assortment rate and light penetration rate. Yield was negatively correlated with light penetration rate. If the lines with prostrate types in fall season, fast regrowth after wintering and rapid elongation of stem were bred and selected, it will be of great benefit in the area requiring sever winter hardiness.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.149-151
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• 2008

A new Phalaenopsis cultivar 'Little Dew' has been developed by a cross breeding and a line selection at the Flower Breeding Research Institute, Gyeongnam ARES from 2000 to 2007. Characteristics trials for this cultivar was carried out three times from 2004 to 2006. 'Little Dew' developed from a cross between Phal. 'Timothy Christopher' and Phal. amabilis showed white miniature type flowers and a multiflora shape. It has 3~4 flower stalks and many flowers, and long life span of flowers. This new cultivar was registered for commercialization in 2007 and would be cultured well in greenhouse conditions in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.436-442
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• 1987

The variations of the anther and pistil length of some rice cultivars at the different planting density and fertility levels were tested and their inheritance mode was studied. The anther length of a spikelet on a secondary panicle branch was longer than the one of a spikelet on a primary panicle branch. In the cultivar Z97B, both the anther and the pistil length were increased slightly along the increased plant-ing spacings, But, in the cultivar IR43 no general tendency was observed. The fertilizer levels applied n the field did not affect both the anther and pistil length of a given cultivar. In a cross of IR56/IR8, the anther length showed continuous variation with longer anther being recessive in the F2 population. While, the pistil length showed a continuous variation with longer pistil being over-dominance. In all of the crosses which IR56 involved, the general and specific combining abilities were high for both the anther and pistil length. The broad sense heritability for anther length was 0.46, and for pistil length was 0.88. The correlation coefficients of anther length and pistil length were 0.33 for phenotypic and 0.44 for geno-typic.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.321-326
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• 2001

Contribution of Wolbachia infection to fitness of a species (developmental time, adult life span, fecundity and ovipositional period) was measured in the susceptible and dicofol-resistant strains of two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, on miniature roses. Based on ftsZPCR assay, Wolbachia infection was confirmed only in the susceptible strain. The susceptible strain had significantly higher fecundity (eggs/female) and shorter developmental times than the resistant strain. Longer adult life span and ovipositional period were observed in the susceptible strain. Fitness differences were appeared to influence dicofol resistance development. Similar measurements were performed with progeny from two reciprocal $F_1$crosses. Similar to other examples of cytoplasmic incompatibility induced by Wolbachia, subsequent cross between uninfected female and infected male spider mites were different from the other combination: a high egg mortality and a male-biased sex ratio. When the intrinsic rate of natural increase was calculated, the cross between uninfected female and infected male spider mites had a significantly lower rate($0.09\pm$0.01) than did the other combination ($0.20\pm$0.01). These results suggest that the dynamic and evolution of the fitness are closely associated with dicofol resistance and Wolbachia infection in the two spotted spider mites.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10b
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• pp.25-27
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• 2001

진화 알고리즘에서 고려할 사항 중 하나는 문제와 관련 있는 진화연산 즉, 교배 연산과 돌연변이 연산을 정의하는 것이다. 일반적으로 교배 연산은 두 개체의 정보를 교환하는 재조합 연산으로써 진화의 속도를 촉진시키는 역할을 하고 돌연변이 인산은 개체집단의 다양성 을 유지시키는 역할을 한다. 그러나 이러한 진화연산자는 확률에 근거하여 모든 개체에 적용되는 맹목적인 연산이 가질 수 있는 진화시간 지연의 문제점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 맹목적 진화연산에 의한 진화 시간 지연을 해결하기 위해 휴리스틱 연산을 제안한다. 휴리스픽 연산은 문제의 특성에 맞지 않는 개체에만 적용되는 연산으로 진화 시간을 단축시킬 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 휴리스틱 연산의 타당성을 확인하기 위해 본 논문에서는 진화 알고리즘을 이용하여 최적의 클러스터 위치와 개수를 자동으로 찾아주는 문제에 클러스터의 특성을 고려한 휴리스틱 연산인 합병연산과 분할연산 그리고 K-means연산을 정의하여 다차원 실험데이터로 실험한 결과를 보이고 있다.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.214-218
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• 1996

배나무잎 이상반점증상의 보독여부를 신속정확하게 검정할 수 있는 목본 지표식물을 선발하기 위해 시험을 수행하였다. 신고x조생적 등 5개 교배조합 102개체를 공시해서 1차로 10개체를 선발하였다. 1차로 선발된 개체중에서 전형적인 이상반점증상이 조기에 잘 나타나고 이상반점증상과 유사한 검은무늬병에 저항성인 신고$\times$조생적 86-2-2 계통을 최종선발하였다. 선발된 지표식물을 사용하여 농가포장에서 이상반점 증상의 보독여부를 실증시험한 결과 보독유무의 조기판별이 가능하였다. 이상의 결과에서 최종 선발된 신고$\times$조생적 86-2-2계통을 PS-95로 명명하고자 한다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.652-657
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• 2006

Combining ability and heterosis for $F_{1}$ population obtained $5{\times}5$ half diallel cross in sesame were estimated for six quantitative characters. The parental varieties used for diallel cross were Yangbaek and Ansan of normal type, Suwon 177 and 195 of placenta adhesion type (PA) and SIG960320-5-1-1 of indehiscent type (ID). PA and ID type are shattering-resistant sesames and Yangbaek and Ansan are shattering sesames. The high heterosis of $F_{1}$ hybrids was expressed in the number of capsules per plant (NC), grain yield per plant (GY) and number of branches per plant (NB). Shattering.ate (SR) showed high positive heterosis toward increase of seeds shattering in all the combination of $F_{1}$ generation which was presumed because the characters connected with shattering resistance of seeds were governed by recessive gene. At the analysis of combining ability, highly significant general combining ability (GCA) effects were observed on all the characters in $F_{1}$ generation, significant specific combining ability (SCA) effects were observed on the NC, GY and SR. GCA variances were greater than SCA variance, which suggested that additive gene effects were greater than other nonadditive gene effects. Considering the estimated GCA effects, Suwon 195 (PA type) was found to be good parent for SR and GY, SIG960320-5-1-1 (ID type) was poor for GY and plant height. SCA effect for NC was great in Yangbaek/Suwon 195, SCA for GY was great in Ansan/SIG960320-5-1-1, and SCA for decrease of SR was great in Ansan/Suwon177.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.347-354
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• 2010

The current work was carried out to investigate the effect of crossbred Korean native chickens (KNC) on performance and carcass ratio. Seven hundred twenty 1-d-old chicks were divided into groups by strain (A, B, C and D) and sex (male and female). Strains were A) (KNC egg-meat type C strains $\times$ KNC meat type S strains) $\times$ KNC meat type H strains, B) (KNC egg-meat type C strains $\times$ KNC meat type H strains) $\times$ KNC meat type S strains, C) (KNC native R strains $\times$ KNC meat type S strains) $\times$ KNC meat type H strains and D) (KNC native L strains $\times$ KNC meat type H strains $\times$ Ross broiler. Experimental diets consisted of 3 phases such as starter(0~5 weeks; CP 20.0%, ME 3,050 kcal/kg), earlier (5~8 weeks; CP 18.0%, ME 3,100 kcal/kg) and finisher (8~12 weeks; CP 16.0%, ME 3,150 kcal/kg). Body weight (BW) and feed intake (FI) was measured every week and carcass ratio(CR) was calculated at 5 and 10 week after starting experiment. There was no difference in BW among strains until 5 weeks (P>0.05), however D strain resulted in a higher BW after 5 weeks (P<0.05). Body weight gain (BWG) and FI in D strain were also significant higher compared to the other strains for all periods. However, D strains showed the lowest (P<0.05) fee conversion ratio (FCR). The other strains except D showed a similar BW, BWG, FI and FCR among strains. In addition, there were no differences in carcass weight (CW) and carcass ratio (CR) among strains at 5 weeks, however D strain showed higher CW and CR at 10 weeks. These results suggested the basic data that needed to develope the new strains.