• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.477-485
• /
• 2015

In this study, we tried to find the effects of carrying out infographics instruction based on visual thinking with the infographics materials presented in physics textbooks targeting specialized vocational high school students. Thus, 60 students were divided into the experimental group and the control group, the experimental group had 25 classes composed of 'infographics concept formation, infographics understanding activity, and infographics configuration activity', on the other hand, the control group were instructed by lecture-type class. The results of this study are as follows: First, features of the infographics created by the students include changes in types of presentation from 'simple arrangement' to 'simple reconfiguration' and from 'illustration' to 'comparative analysis', which were made by the visual thinking of the students activated in accordance with the increase of their configuration times. Second, instruction by using infographics, visual thinking significantly improved in the level of understanding, visibility, usability, and communicability. Third, after instruction using infographics, the mean score of the experimental group's achievement significantly improved. Fourth, there was a significant improvement in the area of 'normality of scientist, attitude on scientific inquiry, and scientific attitude' in the test of attitudes toward science. From the analysis results, we could conclude that instruction using infographics enhance students' understanding of scientific concepts and communication capability by improving visual thinking abilities, which have a positive impact on academic achievement and attitudes toward science.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.58 no.2
• /
• pp.283-298
• /
• 2019

Among the measurement attributes included in the elementary school mathematics curriculum, perimeter, area, volume and surface area are intensively covered in fifth and sixth graders. However, not much is known about the level of student performance and difficulties in this area. The purpose of this study is to examine the understanding and performance of sixth-grade elementary school students on some ideas of measurement and ultimately to give some suggestions for teaching measurement and the development of mathematics textbooks. For this, diagnosis questions were developed in relation to the following parts: measurement of perimeter and area of plane figure, measurement of surface area and volume of solid figure, and the relationships between perimeter and area, and the relationships between surface area and volume. The performances of 95 sixth graders were analyzed for this study. The results showed children's low performance in the measurement area, especially measurement of perimeter and surface area, and relationship of the measurement concepts. Finally, we proposed the introduction order of the measurement concepts and what should be put more emphasis on teaching measurement. Specifically, it suggested that we consider placing a less demanding concept first, such as the area and volume, and dealing more heavily with burdensome tasks such as the perimeter and surface area.

• The Mathematical Education
• /
• v.61 no.2
• /
• pp.323-338
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study are to analyze how well middle and high school students understand the concept definition of quadrangle and to explore the phenomenon about their concept image. A test tool was developed and 60 8th graders, 63 9^th graders and 65 10^th graders were tested, and some students who needed in-depth analysis were interviewed. The results are as follows. First, it cannot be said that understanding level of the concept definition of the quadrangle naturally improves as the grade level goes up. Particularly, it was found that the understanding of the definition of the rhombus is the lowest in all three grades compared to other quadrangle. Second, although female students understood the definition of square better than male students, the understanding level of the definition of trapezoid, parallelogram, rhombus, and rectangle did not differ by gender. Third, it was found that the students who did not understand the concept definition of the quadrangle were more and more influenced by the concept image as the grade level went up. Fourth, it showed that a tendency to be less influenced by the concept definition and more influenced by textbooks and teachers as the grades go up when students form a concept image.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.289-316
• /
• 2000

우리나라의 경우 지역사회 재난 관리계획과 훈련이 보건의료적 모형이라기 보다는 민방위 모형에 입각하기 때문에 사고 현장에서의 환자 중증도 분류, 합리적 환자배분 및 이송, 병원 응급실에서의 대처 등이 체계적으로 이루어지지 못하고 있으며, 지역사회가 이에 즉각적으로 반응할 수 없다. 본 연구는 삼풍 붕괴사고 시에 대응방식과 그 후의 우리나라 응급의료 체계를 분석함으로써 대형사고 예방과 재난관리를 위한 우리나라 응급의료체계의 개선방안과 간호교육에서의 준비부분을 제시하고자 한다. 1 삼풍 사고 발생시에는 이를 관장할 만한 법적 근거인 인위적 재해에 관한 재난관리법이 없었다. 따라서 현장에서는 의학적 명령체계를 확보하지 못했기 때문에 현장에서의 응급 처치는 전혀 이루어지지 못하였다. 현장에서의 중증도 분류. 응급조치와 의뢰, 병원과 현장본부 그리고 구급차간의 통신 체계 두절, 환자 운송 중 의료지시를 받을 수 있도록 인력, 장비, 통신 체계가 준비되지 못하였던 점이 주요한 문제였다. 또한 병원 응급실에서는 재난 계획이 없거나 있었더라도 이를 활성화하여 병원의 운영 체계를 변환해가지 못하였다. 2. 삼풍백화점 붕괴사고 한달 후에는 인위적 재해에 대한 재난관리법이 제정되고, 행정부 수준별로 매년 지역요구에 합당한 재난관리 계획을 세우도록 법으로 규정하였다. 재난 관리법에는 보건의료 측면에서의 현장대응, 주민 참여, 응급 의료적 대처, 정보의 배된. 교육/훈련 등이 포함되어 있어야 한다. 그러나 법적 기반이 마련된 이후에도 한국 재난 계획 내에는 응급의료 측면의 대응 영역은 부처간 역할의 명시가 미흡하며, 현장에서의 응급 대응과정을 수행할 수 있는 운영 지침이 없이 명목상 언급으로 그치고 있기 때문에 계획을 활성화시켜 지역사회에서 운영하기는 어렵다. 즉 이 내용 속에는 사고의 확인 /공고, 응급 사고 지령, 요구 평가, 사상자의 중증도 분류와 안정화, 사상자 수집, 현장 처치 생명보존과 내과 외과적 응급처치가 수반된 이송, 사고 후 정신적 스트레스 관리, 사고의 총괄적 평가 부분에 대한 인력간 부처간 역할과 업무가 분명히 제시되어 있지 못하여, 사고 발생시 가장 중요한 연계적 업무 처리나 부문간 협조를 하기 어렵다. 의료 기관과 응급실/중환자실, 시민 안전을 책임지고 있는 기관들과의 상호 협력의 연계는 부족하다. 즉 현재의 재난 대비 계획 속에는 부처별 분명한 업무 분장, 재난 상황에 따른 시나리오적 대비 계획과 이를 훈련할 틀을 확보하고 있지 못하다. 3. 지방 정부 수준의 재난 계획서에는 재난 발생시 보건의료에 관한 사항 전반을 공공 보건소가 핵심적 역할을 하며 재난 관리에 대처해야 된다고 규정하고 있다. 그러므로 보건소는 지역사회 중심의 재난 관리 계획을 구성하고 이를 운영하며, 재난 현장에서의 응급 치료 대응 과정은 구조/ 구명을 책임지고 있는 공공기관인 소방서와 지역의 응급의료병원에게 위임한다. 즉 지역사회 재난 관리 계획이 보건소 주도하에 관내 병원과 관련기관(소방서. 경찰서)이 협동하여 만들고 업무를 명확히 분담하여 연계방안을 만든다. 이는 재난관리 대처에 성공여부를 결정하는 주요 요인이다. 4 대한 적십자사의 지역사회 주민에 대한 교육 프로그램은 연중 열리고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 교육주제는 건강증진 영역이며. 응급의료 관리는 전체 교육시간의 8%를 차지하며 이중 재난 준비를 위한 주민 교육 프로그램은 없다. 또한 특정 연령층이 모여있는 학교의 경우도 정규 보건교육 시간이 없기 때문에 생명구조나 응급처치를 체계적으로 배우고 연습할 기회가 없으면서 국민의 재난 준비의 기반확대가 되고 있지 못하다. 5. 병원은 재난 관리 위원회를 군성하여 병원의 진료권역 내에 있는 여러 자원을 감안한 포괄적인 재난관리계획을 세우고, 지역사회를 포함한 훈련을 해야 한다. 그러나 현재 병원은 명목상의 재난 관리 계획을 갖고 있을 뿐이다. 6. 재난관리 준비도를 평가할 때 병원응급실 치료 팀의 인력과 장비 등은 비교적 기준을 충족시키고 있었으나 병원의 재난 관리 계획은 전혀 훈련되고 있지 못하였다 그러므로 우리나라 재난 관리의 준비를 위해서는 현장의 응급의료체계, 재난 대응 계획, 이의 훈련을 통한 주민교육이 선행되어야만 개선될 수 있다. 즉 민방위 훈련 모델이 아닌 응급의료 서비스 모델에 입각한 장기적 노력과 재원의 투입이 필요하며, 지역사회를 중심으로 대응 준비와 이의 활성화 전략 개발, 훈련과 연습. 교육에 노력을 부여해야 한다. 7. 현장의 1차 응급처치자에 대해서는 법적으로 명시하고 있는 역할이 없다. 한국에서는 응급구조사 1급과 2급에 대한 교육과 규정을 1995년 이후 응급의료에 관한 법률에서 정하고 있다. 이 교육과정은 미국이 정하고 있는 응급구조사 과정 기준과 유사하지만 실습실이나 현장에서의 실습시간이 절대적으로 부족하다. 덧붙여 승인된 응급구조사 교육 기관의 강사는 강사로서의 자격기준을 충족할 뿐 아니라 실습강사는 대체적으로 1주일의 1/2은 응급 구조차를 탑승하여 현장 활동을 끊임없이 하고 있으며, 실습은 시나리오 유형으로 진행된다. 그러므로 우리나라의 경우 응급 구조사가 현장 기술 인력으로 역할 할 수 있도록 교과과정 내에서 실습을 강화 시켜야하며, 졸업생은 인턴쉽을 통한 현장 능력을 배양시키는 것이 필요하다. 8. 간호사의 경우 응급전문간호사의 자격을 부여받게 됨에 따라, 이를 위한 표준 교육 지침을 개발함으로써 병원 전 처치와 재난시 대응할 수 있는 역량을 보완해야 한다. 또한 현 자격 부여 프로그램 내용을 고려하여 정규자격 간호사가 현장 1차 치료자(first responder)로 역할 할 수 있도록 간호학 교과과정을 부분 보완해야한다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.89-101
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop the elementary school science instructional material for nurturing students' creativity and to analyze the effects of this material on the changes of students' creativity. This material was composed of student's worksheet and a teacher's guidebook, in which are relevant to the elements of creativity and creative activities that can be applied to elementary science curriculum of 5th and 6th grades. Student's worksheets include various creative activities: imagination, guided imagery, experimental activity, mind mapping as wrap-up, and 'let's think' as an extended activity, game, puzzle, making a cartoon, to be, role playing, and so on. These materials were applied to 5th grade science class, 156 students. They were divided into two groups: the treatment group to which developed material was applied and the control group which was a traditional lecture-centered class. After this material had been applied for 3 months, students of both groups took a test of creativity. Interviews and observation were also carried out with three level groups (higher, medium and lower level) which were divided within the treatment group based on their creativity score. The results of this study were as follows: The treatment group showed higher score on creativity than that of control group(p<0.01). In the result of interviews and observation, the students of the higher and the medium level accomplished their tasks by themselves better than those on lower level.All of them took an interest in visual activity. In a wrapping-up step, the higher level students made mind map more systematically and the medium students improved as time goes on, but low level students feel constrained. In totally, they used various expression methods and were interested in making drawings and cartoons creatively.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.37-60
• /
• 2007

This study has been historically reviewed the clothing and textiles education through references. The clothing and textiles education had been informally offered as a part of household skill, skill of daily life and home skill before the law of school education was established. Therefore, we have reviewed the changes in the clothing and textiles education by separating the prior period between the end of the old Korea and the liberation in 1945, from the later period from the liberation up to now. And also contents of clothing and textiles education between before and after the revision of the 7th curriculum were compared and analyzed. The clothing and textiles education had put emphasis on sewing, handicraft and household during the prior period from the end of the old Korea to the liberation, but after liberation, it became involved in Home Economics Education. The number of classes and the contents of clothing and textiles education had been increased and deepened from the 1st term to the 5th term of curriculum. In particular, the 4th and 5th term of curriculum became a turning point where home life section was intensified. Even though the number of classes was reduced during the 6th term of curriculum, with increase in target school grades for this education, and Home Economics in the middle school remained an independent subject matter. However, during the 7th term of curriculum, Technology-Home Economics Education in the middle school courses led to losing independent subject name and shrinking its contents. Through the revision in the 7th curriculum, the clothing and textiles education achieved great improvement and progress by gaining balance in distribution of contents among school grades and balance between theory and practice. However it still remains as an issue to be more studied and resolved how well the contents are matched with the interests and attention of students. We need to consider and reflect request of students under learner-centered curriculum. Considering enormous changes in the environment surrounding the clothing and textiles education, it is crystal clear that the gap between existing contents of education and teaching methods and our real life will be widened. Because students' perceptions of value have been diversified, it is our task to develop better contents and learning system in order to help students have interests, attention and desire in clothing and textiles life in line with social needs for desirable clothing and textiles education.

• 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2005

최근 사회의 다변화, 고령화 및 소비자의 다양한 욕구 증대 등으로 인하여 세분화된 소비계층을 겨냥한 다양한 신제품들이 출시, 판매되고 있는 반면, 일반 백색시유를 제외하고는 제품의 라이프사이클이 크게 줄어드는 경향을 보이고 있다. 건강기능식품 시대의 도래와 함께 첨단 기능성 소재들이 속속 등장하고 있으며, 유가공업계도 이들 소재를 응용한 연구개발과 공정개선을 통한 신제품 출시에 박차를 가하고 있다. 그러나 음용유 시장에서 절대적인 비중을 차지하고 있는 시유부문은 저출산율과 수입개방 등의 악재로 인하여 점차적인 감소 추세에 접어들고 있다. 따라서 국내 유가공업체는 원유소비 증대와 유제품 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해 유제품의 다양화, 고급화를 위한 기술개발 및 유제품의 적극적인 홍보 등의 전략이 필수적이다. 이를 위해서는 종래 단순가공에 의한 유제품 생산에서 탈피하여 새로운 공정 개발, 신물질 탐색 등으로 생산비 절감, 수율 증대, 다양한 형태의 유제품 개발, 그리고 기능성 소재의 탐색 등 건강 지향적 기능성 식품 개발에 노력을 해야 할 것이며 국공립 및 사립대학교 및 정부 출연기관과 일반 유업체의 공동과제 실시 확대로 기능성 식품에 대한인식제고가 필요할 것이다. 또한, TV 매체를 통한 홍보, 우유의 교과서 반영, 자조금 활성화 등으로 어릴 때부터 우유 먹는 습관을 형성하여 시유 소비기반 확대를 도모해야 할 것임과 아울러 교육당국과 협력하여 학생과 영양교사를 대상으로 한 우유에 대한 체계적인 교육프로그램 실시 및 중 ·고등학교 급식화대 추진 등 관련 기관과의 협력체계 구축을 통한 낙농진흥활동을 전개하여야 한다.유아의 창의성수준을 더 높게 평가하였다. 그러나 아버지와 교사간 평가의 상관은 유의하지 않았는데 이는 아버지의 평가수준이 매우 객관적인 것은 아님을 시사한다. 셋째, 창의적인 유아와 일반 유아 아버지 양육태도에서는 유의한 차이를 보였는데 특히 애정-적대요인과 자율-통제요인에서 창의적인 유아와 일반 유아간의 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 유아의 창의성과 아버지 양육태도간의 상관관계분석결과 애정적 양육태도와 유창성, 독창성간의 상관이 유의하였다. 집단별 분석시 창의적인 유아를 둔 아버지의 양육태도와 유아의 창의성간에는 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 일반 유아의 아버지 양육태도와 유아의 창의성간의 상관에서는 아버지 양육태도의 성취-비성취 요인에서와 창의성제목의 추상성요인에서 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 창의성이 높은 아동의 아버지의 양육태도는 일반 유아의 아버지와 보다 더 애정적이며 자율성이 높지만 창의성이 높은 아동의 집단내에서 창의성에 특별한 영향을 더 미치는 아버지의 양육방식은 발견되지 않았다. 반면 일반 유아의 경우 아버지의 성취지향성이 낮을 때 자녀의 창의성을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상에서 자녀의 창의성을 향상시키는 중요한 양육차원은 애정성이나 비성취지향성으로 나타나고 있어 정서적인 측면의 지원인 것으로 밝혀졌다.징에서 나타나는 AD-SR맥락의 반성적 탐구가 자주 나타났다. 반성적 탐구 척도 두 그룹을 비교 했을 때 CON 상호작용의 특징이 낮게 나타나는 N그룹이 양적으로 그리고 내용적으로 더 의미 있는 반성적 탐구를 했다용을 지원하는 홈페이지를 만들어 자료 제공 사이트에 대한 메타

• Journal of Science Education
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.12-22
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of concept sketches on the understanding and scientific attitude in high school student's learning of weather change. Among the various fields of meteorology, especially in weather change, we often deal with the change of the spatiotemporal change in an abstract way. So making use of 'Concept Sketches'- simplified sketches which represent the main features, principles, processes and interrelationships of the learning contents using some concise explanations, signs and terms - could help the students learn the phenomena of weather change efficiently. This study's aim was to check up the effect and analyze the results of the lesson including the concept sketches. As a result of this study, concept sketches group showed significant improvement compared to the other groups in understanding of weather change and in scientific attitude, too. In students' recognition research of concept sketches showed that students found the class more interesting with improved concentration and had a chance to review through concept sketching, which is helpful for their learning. Considering the above research results, the study which applies concept sketching required the students to actively process their knowledge, and had a positive effect on the understanding of weather changes. Most of all, drawing the pictures which is a familiar activity helped the students to take part in the class eagerly.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.58-69
• /
• 1994

In this study, with the problem of "What is the desirable illustrations?", the problem points of the existing textbooks were analyzed, and the opinions of experts concerning desirable illustrations were examined through questionaire survey, and by developing 'Analysis Framework of Illustrations', and Korean-Japanese 'science' textbooks were analyzed and compared with. The conclusions for the direction of korean 'science' textbooks are summarized as follows : 1) The numbers of korean illustrations should be more about two than one of per one page of the existing textbooks. 2) The korean illustrations for the 6th grade should be more largely inserted. 3) The more econmic space utilizing measure should be groped for looking at from the such side. 4) Though the kinds of Korean illustrations are mostly composed of photographs, pictures, illustrations, cartoons, etc. should be positively utilized. and the shapes of photographs should be diversified by such as square, round shape,omissions of background and others. 5) The distribution of players by sex should be considered envenly for male and female from the ascendency of male (1.5: 1). 6) It was found that it is desirable for the formation of role of illustrations of 20% for motive inducement, 45% for guidance for experimentation, 30% for presentation of data, and 5% for presentation of the results of experimentation. 7) The illustrations for guidance for experimentation should present important stages of experimentation process regardless the number of illustration. 8) It would be advantageous for motive induction to find the subject matters as possible as from the children's close actual life. 9) It is necessary to induce more freely method in utilizing Printing plate for inserting illustrations. 10) It is the result of research that the existing Korean textbooks are not suitable in inducing interest, and the positive strategy to induce interest is demanded. 11) It is required to select their location freely in accordance with the content regardless the. 12) In order to develop such illustrations, it is required to cultivate expert illustrators, and more economic investment is required for development of illustrations. The emphasis matters of revision of the 6th educational process of 'Inducement of study motive and emphasis on interest' is the change of presenting form and method of illustrations, which is expected to be rewarded with much good fruits.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
• /
• v.18 no.3 s.41
• /
• pp.119-131
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the body size perception and appearance management behaviors of middle school boys and girls. Subjects of this study were 7 coeducational middle school boys and girls in Gwangju and 435 responses were collected from real body measurement and questionnaires. SPSS package 12.0(Kr) was used to analyze results. The results were summarized as follows: First, middle school boys and girls tended to perceive their bodies slimmer as well as obeser. It is recommended to give education for correct perception of their body sire. Second, the correlation of body size perception factor and appearance management behavior was Middle school boys and girls tended to manage their appearance using a diet rather than doing exercise in obesity distortion perception group(the group perceive obeser than real body size). It needs to be properly guided. Third, the appearance management behavior of slimness distortion perception group(the group perceive slimmer than real body size) and normal group was examined. While middle school boys did only exercise management, middle school girls did all but exercise management. Their education should be distinguished. Finally, while slimness distortion perception group did diet management in both middle school boys and girls, they tended not to manage body correction or exercise. A tendency to depend only on a diet in the group who should perceive their need of exercise should be corrected. In order to correct the distorted body perception and appearance management behavior of middle school boys and girls, it is recommended to educate a standard body size through home management education which is a regular curriculum, and at the same time to guide them to perceive their actual body size correct.