• Title/Summary/Keyword: 광합성능력

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Comparison of Indoor CO2 Removal Capability of Five Foliage Plants by Photosynthesis (다섯가지 관엽식물의 광합성에 의한 실내 이산화탄소 제거능력 비교)

  • Park, Sin-Ae;Kim, Min-Gi;Yoo, Mung-Hwa;Oh, Myung-Min;Son, Ki-Cheol
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.28 no.5
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    • pp.864-870
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to determine the effects of foliage plants on reducing indoor carbon dioxide ($CO_2$). Five foliage plants such as $Hedera$ $helix$ L., $Ficus$ $benjamina$ L., $Pachira$ $aquatica$, $Chamaedorea$ $elegans$, and $Ficus$ $elastica$ were selected and cultivated in two different growth medium (peatmoss and hydroball). Each plant was placed in an airtight chamber and then treated with the combinations of two different $CO_2$ concentrations (500 or 1,000 ppm) and two different light intensities (50 or $200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$). The change of $CO_2$ concentration (ppm) in the airtight chamber during day and night was measured and then converted into the photosynthetic rate (${\mu}mol\;CO_2{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$). As the results, each foliage plant reduced $CO_2$ level in the airtight chamber for one hour by photosynthesis. $Pachira$ $aquatica$ and $Ficus$ $elastica$ absorbed $CO_2$ more effectively compared to the other plants. The plants exposed to higher $CO_2$ concentration (1,000 ppm) and higher light intensity ($200{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$) showed more effective $CO_2$ elimination rate and photosynthetic rate. The plants that have wide leaves and big leaf areas such as $Pachira$ $aquatica$, $Hedera$ $helix$ L.,and $Ficus$ $elastica$ showed higher photosynthetic rate than the other plants that have smaller leaves. Released $CO_2$ concentration by respiration of the plants during the night was very low compared to the absorbed $CO_2$ concentration by photosynthesis during the day. There was no significant difference between peatmoss and hydroball medium on reducing $CO_2$ concentration and increasing photosynthetic rate. In conclusion, this study suggested that foliage plants can effectively eliminate indoor $CO_2$. Optimum environmental control in relation to photosyntheis and usage of right indoor foliage plants having lots of leaves and showing active photosynthesis even under low light intensity like indoor light condition would be required to increase the elimination capacity of indoor $CO_2$.

A Study on the Growth and Environments of Panax ginseng in the Different Forest Stands (I) (임상별 임간인삼의 생육과 최적환경에 관한 연구(I))

  • 우수영;이동섭
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 2002
  • The best environments such as crown density, temperature, light intensity and humidity have to be identified because these factors are strongly related to the growth and several physiological characteristics. The purposes of this study are \circled1 to collect basic data fer growth, \circled2 to identify the best growth environments. to achieve these purposes, oak, pine and mixed forest stands have been selected in this study. forest ginseng seeds were sown in these forest four years ago. Several environmental and growth factors have been surveyed. In general, mean tree age, DBH and average height are 20-25 years old, 14-17 cm and 7-9 m, respectively. The growths of forest ginseng grown in oak stand are better than those of pine and mixed stands.

Photosynthetic Characteristics and Chlorophyll Content of Rhododendron micranthum by the Natural Habitat (자생지에 따른 꼬리진달래의 광합성 특성 및 엽록소 함량)

  • Kim, Nam-Young;Lee, Kyeong-Cheol;Han, Sang-Sub;Lee, Hee-Bong;Park, Wan-Geun
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.147-152
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to investigate the photosynthetic R. micranthum by natural habitats. In the results, natural habitats didn't affect values of light saturated point, light compensation point and photosynthetic capacity of R. micranthum. We investigated light response curve and chlorophyll content at each habitat. Light compensation points were 11.8 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$, 11.5 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ and 10.4 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ in Seokpo-ri, Yeonha-ri, and Mt. Worak. Light saturation points showed that R. micranthum is shade tolerant specie which has the light saturation point approximately 500~600 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$. Photosynthetic rates of R. micranthum leaves were 5.5 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$, 5.4 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ and 5.6 ${\mu}mol\;m^{-2}\;s^{-1}$ in Seokpo-ri, Yeonha-ri and Mt. Worak. On the other hand, since between $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$, it appeared that the values of net photosynthetic rates of R. micranthum leaves in all sites were high. Especially, the rates were highest at $25^{\circ}C$. Because of low stomatal transpiration rate in saturation radiance, the moisture utilization efficiency in Yeonha-ri was lower than other habitats. Rates of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content in Mt. Worak were no significant difference. Therefore R. micranthum has characteristic of shade tolerant species. The moderate temperature for R. micranthum is between $20^{\circ}C$ and $30^{\circ}C$.

Effects of Trampling on Growth and Development in Zoysia japonica (답압이 한국잔디의 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • Seo, Jin Yeol;Chung, Jong Il;Kim, Min Chul;Chung, Jung Sung;Shim, Doo Bo;Song, Seon Hwa;Oh, Ji Hyun;Shim, Sang In
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.256-261
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    • 2015
  • Trampling stress in turfgrass fields caused by traffics often occurs in zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) fields including golf course. In order to know the influences of trampling stress on the growth and development of turfgrass, leaf and root growth, chlorophyll fluorescence, chlorophyll content and 2-DE protein analysis were conducted in the turfgrass plants subjected to various levels of trampling stress from 0 to $9,420J\;day^{-1}$ day. Shoot growth was more highly inhibited by trampling stress than root growth. Although root growth was affected by trampling with weak intensity, the highest root length was observed in the turfgrass treated with weak trampling ($1,570J\;day^{-1}$). Chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv $Fm^{-1}$) was drastically lowered by trampling stress with moderate intensity. Leaf number showed similar tendency with leaf greenness. The number was decreased as the trampling intensity was increased. Shoot dry weight was decreased showing a similar tendency with the result of shoot length. The specific protein expressions under weak trampling were related to the functions of stress amelioration. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 10 and oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1 were the proteins increased positively under trampling stress.

The Effects of Ozone on Photosynthesis, Antioxidative Enzyme Activity and Leaf Anatomical Response in the Indoor Plants and Japanese Red Pine (실내식물과 소나무의 오존에 대한 광합성 능력, 항산화 효소의 활성, 해부학적 반응)

  • Lee, Ju Young;Je, Sun Mi;Lee, Seoung Han;Woo, Su-Young
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.102 no.4
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    • pp.601-607
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of ozone pollution on the one woody species and two indoor plants in controlled environment. Pinus densiflora, Spathiphyllum patinii and Epipremnum aureum seedlings were exposed in both control and ozone chambers to investigate photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, antioxidative enzyme activities such as GR(Glutathione reductase) and APX(Ascorbate peroxidase) activity and leaf anatomical response. Ozone was fumigated 8 hours for a day with 30 ppb concentration for 50 days. Pinus densiflora seedlings showed no significant difference on photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, antioxidant enzyme activity during ozone exposure. Ozone concentration (30 ppb in this study) is not high enough to generate ozone damage on Pinus densiflora species. In contrast, ozone generally altered photosynthetic rate, antioxidant enzyme (especially GR) activity and leaf anatomy in two indoor species (Spathiphyllum patinii and Epipremnum aureum) exposed in ozone chamber were significantly differ from those of control in every measurement. These data suggest that two indoor species(Spathiphyllum patinii and Epipremnum aureum) are more sensitive to ozone than Pinus densiflora.

Differences in Growth and Photosynthesis among Three Half-sib Families of Betula schmidtii in Response to Cd Treatment (카드뮴 처리에 대한 박달나무의 가계간 생장과 광합성 차이)

  • 오창영;이경준;이재천;한심희
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.147-153
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    • 2004
  • The objective of this study was to understand differences among three half-sib families of Betula schmidtii seedlings in the effect of three Cd levels on growth and photosynthesis. One-year-old seedlings of B. schmidtii were treated with 0, 0.4 and 0.8 mM CdSO$_4$ㆍ8/3$H_2O$ for two months. Growth and physiological responses to Cd treatment levels of three families determined using dry weight, relative height growth rate(RHGR), apparent quantum yield and carboxylation efficiency. The B. schmidtii seedlings exposed to 0.4 and 0.8 mM Cd showed statisticall significant decrease in dry weight and RHGR relative to controls. In addition, the growth inhibition of B. schmidtii seedlings was accompanied by a significant decrease in net photosynthesis measured as $CO_2$ assimilation. Apparent quantum yield and carboxylation efficiency were also affected by Cd treatment, undergoing a significant and progressive reduction with increasing Cd concentrations in all families. We also found significant difference among three families of B. schmidtii in growth, biomass and photosynthesis when exposed to Cd stress. Therefore the present study showed that the difference in Cd tolerance among families might be attributed to genetic factor in response to Cd stress.

Physiological Responses for Soil Water Stresses in 'Mihong' Peach Tree (복숭아 '미홍'의 토양 수분 스트레스에 따른 생리반응)

  • Kwon, Yong Hee;Lee, Jae Man;Han, Hyun Hee;Ryu, Suhyun;Jeong, Jae Hoon;Do, Gyung-Ran;Han, Jeom Hwa;Lee, Han-Chan;Park, Hee-Seung
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.25 no.4
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    • pp.255-261
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    • 2016
  • The present study was conducted to characterize physiological responses of aerial part according to soil water stresses in 'Mihong' peach trees. Discolorations, wilting and falling of leaves were observed in chronological order as response for waterlogging and no irrigation and the phenomena started from basal to end of shoots. Shoot growth in elongation and thickness decreased and fallen leaves were severe in waterlogged trees. Function of water uptake by roots and photosynthesis and leaf respiration decreased by waterlogging. Leaf chlorophyll contents decreased in both treatments. In waterlogging treatment, decrease of chlorophyll was observed in normal leaves with waterlogging using light microscopy. Starch content was lower in both treatment and carbohydrate content was lower in root with waterlogging. These results demonstrated that waterlogging weakened the function of soil water uptake and movement and decreased photosynthesis and fallen leaves. Finally the peach trees would wither or suffer low temperature damage through the shortage of reserve accumulations. We suggested that waterlogging damage in peach trees could be reduced to take notice of irrigation and install drainage facility to improve soil condition.

The Effects of Student-Centered Instruction Using Analogy for Middle School Students' Learning of the Photosynthesis Concept (학생 중심 비유 활용 수업이 중학생의 광합성 개념 이해에 미치는 영향)

  • Byun, Chun-Su;Kim, Heui-Baik
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.304-322
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of student-centered instruction using analogies for middle school students' learning of the photosynthesis concept. Participants in this study were 8th grade students at a middle school in Seoul (N=132). The students were divided into two groups for implementation. In the experimental group the teaching materials containing analogies were used while the contents of a science textbook were taught in the control group. The results of this study indicated that student-centered instruction using analogies was more effective than traditional methods of instruction for understanding photosynthesis concepts and the students' attitude toward the science class. Analogies were also found to contribute to developing an understanding of the photosynthesis concept through activating students' prior knowledge, focusing on structural features of the target concept and elaborating knowledge. In addition, analogies play an important role in activating small group discussions, improving students' meta-cognitive skills, and revealing and revising of misconceptions about photosynthesis. Moreover, analogies can help improve students' interests and self-efficiency in science classes.

Sapflow Change and Growth Response of Poplar Species under Swine Wastewater Irrigation (양돈폐수처리시 포플러의 수액이동과 생장반응)

  • Lee, Eu Ddeum;Woo, Su Young;Yeo, Jin Kie;Koo, Yeong Bon;Chun, Seung-Hoon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.98 no.6
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    • pp.740-747
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    • 2009
  • We examined sapflow of two Populus species such as Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa and Populus euramericana, grown under Swine wastewater treatment. Sapflow of Populus euramericana was 1.8 times higher than that of Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa for 14 months. Sapflow of Populus euramericana and Populus alba${\times}$Populus glandulosa was 4,628L and 2,538L during this period, respectively. Positive relationship between sapflow density and solar radiation and temperature had been shown. Mean temperature, relative humidity and sapflow was strongly associated. There was a decreasing sapflow tendency of the two poplar species during the late October when the mean temperature was decreased. In addition, the data showed high relationship between sapflow and photosynthesis. Two poplar species showed dramatic decrease of sapflow since October.

Growth, Nutrient Status and Net Photosynthetic Rate of Pinus densiflora Seedlings in Various Levels of Aluminum Concentrations (알루미늄 농도(濃度)에 따른 소나무 묘목(苗木)의 생장(生長), 영양상태(營養狀態) 및 광합성속도(光合成速度)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Lee, Choong Hwa;Jin, Hyun O;Izuta, Takeshi
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.88 no.2
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    • pp.249-254
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    • 1999
  • The effects of various levels of Al concentration on growth, nutrient status and net photosynthetic rate of 2-year-old Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. seedlings grown in a nutrient culture solution were investigated. Al concentrations were added as aluminum chloride($AlCl_3$) at 0(control), 10, 30 and 60ppm to the nutrient culture solution. The nutrient culture solution was maintained at pH 4.0 by adding HCl or NaOH solution. The seedlings were transplanted into the nutrient culture solution and grown in a greenhouse for 90 days from May 8 to August 6, 1996. The treatment above 10ppm of Al concentrations induced a significant reduction on the dry weight growth of the seedlings. The relative growth rate(RGR), net assimilation rate(NAR) and net photosynthetic rate of the seedlings were reduced with increasing of Al concentrations in the nutrient culture solutions. This result suggests that reductions in the RGR and NAR of the seedlings were mainly due to the inhibition of net photosynthesis. In addition, the increase of Al concentrations in a nutrient culture solution decreased the concentration of essential mineral elements such as Ca and Mg in the needle of the seedlings. However, the concentrations of Al of each plant organ increased in the treatment above 10ppm of Al concentrations in the nutrient culture solutions. This result suggests that the increased Al concentration in the belowground part resulted from the decreased concentration of essential mineral elements in the aboveground part of the seedlings.

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