• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.387-392
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• 2017

Recently, road cave-ins, also referred to as ground sinking, have become a problem in urban environments. Public utility facilities such as sewage pipelines, communications pipes, gas pipes, power cables, and other types of underground structures are installed below the roads. It was reported that cave-ins are caused by the aging and lack of proper maintenance of underground facilities, as well as by construction problems. A road cave-in is first initiated by the formation of cavities typically induced by the breakage of underground pipelines. The cavities then grow and reach the base of the pavement. The traffic load applied at the surface of the roads causes an abrupt plastic deformation. This type of accident can be considered as a type of disaster. A road cave-in can threaten both human safety and the economy. It may even result in the loss of human life. In the city of Seoul, efforts to prevent damage before cave-ins occur have been prioritized, through a method of discovering and repairing joints through the 3D GPR survey.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.22 no.3_1spc
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• pp.573-579
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• 2013

Once-through helically coiled steam generator tubes subjected to external pressure are of interest because of their application to advanced small- and medium-sized integral reactors, in which a primary coolant with a relatively higher pressure flows outside the tubes, while secondary water with a relatively lower pressure flows inside the tubes. Another notable point is that the values of the mean radius to thickness ratio of these steam generator tubes are very small, which means that a thick-walled cylinder is employed for these steam generator tubes. In the present paper, the maximum allowable pressure of helically coiled and thick-walled steam generator tubes with through-wall cracks under external pressure is investigated based on a detailed nonlinear three-dimensional finite element analysis. In terms of the crack orientation, either circumferential or axial through-wall cracks are considered. In particular, in order to quantify the effect of the crack location on the maximum external pressure, these cracks are assumed to be located in the intrados, extrados, and flank of helically coiled cylinders. Moreover, an evaluation is also made of how the maximum external pressure is affected by the ovality, which might be inherently induced during the tube coiling process used to fabricate the helically coiled steam generator tubes.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.117-125
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• 2008

With increase of concern about the Ubiquitous application, the necessity of the computer system which is miniaturized is becoming larger. The ARM processor is showing a high share from embedded system market. In this paper, ideal method for RTD-1000 controller construction and development is described using ARM microcontroller. Existing RTD-1000 measures distance of disconnection or defect of sensing casket by measuring receiving reflected wave which was sent via copper wire inside the leaking sensing rod. Using this RTD-1000, leakage and breakage of water and oil pipe can be sensed and it reports damage results to the networks. But, existing RTD-1000 wastes hardware resources much and costs a great deal to installation. Also, it needs a cooling device because the heating problem, and has some problem of the secondary memory unit such as the hard disk. So, long tenn maintenance has some problems in the outside install place. In this paper, for the resolving the problem of RTD-1000, RTD-1000A embedded system based on ARM is proposed and simulated.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.851-854
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• 2007

기존 보를 활용하여 유량측정에 이용하는 방법은 보의 통제 특성을 이용한 것이다. 유량과 수위를 병행 측정하여 얻은 자료를 활용해 수위-유량관계를 개발하는 것이다. 이 방법은 간단하면서도 정확도가 높은 방법이다. 수위-유량관계가 개발되면 별도의 측정을 수행할 필요 없이 수위계 측정값으로 유량이 계산되기 때문이다. 물론 주기적인 수위-유량관계 검증은 반드시 필요하다. 이런 수위-유량관계를 이용한 기존 보 활용은 매우 유용한 방법 중 하나이다. 하지만 이런 기존 보를 활용해 유량을 계산하는 방법은 몇 가지 단점을 포함한다. 첫째, 통제 특성을 이용하는 모든 측정 구조물은 측정한계 조건이 있다. 즉, 보 마루에 한계류가 발생하지 않는 수위 이상으로 높아지면 보의 통제 특성이 소멸되고 수위-유량관계나 유량공식은 의미가 없어진다. 둘째, 유량측정 구조물의 가장 큰 문제점 중 하나가 토사퇴적이다. 특히 기존 보의 경우 토사가 퇴적되면 보 상류의 저류용량이 줄어 보의 통제 기능을 상실하게 된다. 이런 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 보마루를 높인다거나 정기적인 준설을 하는 방법이 있다. 장기적인 변화에 대응하는 것이지만 이런 조치는 임시방편일 뿐이다. 이런 문제를 해결하기 위해 연구하게 된 방법이 보마루에서 직접 유속측정을 하는 것이다. 그리하면 통제특성을 이용한 수위-유량관계가 필요 없게 된다. 이때 보마루에서 직접 유속측정을 하기 위해서 유속측정 센서를 이용한다. 유속측정센서는 도플러방식을 이용한 초음파 유속센서로써 uplooking 방식으로 보마루에 고정시켜 이용한다. 이런 센서는 관수로에서 유량을 측정하기 위해 많이 사용되고 있다. 본 연구를 위해 초음파 센서를 이용해 실험 수로에서 유속측정과 유량환산 결과를 비교해 보았고 실제 시험하천에서도 설치하여 적용해 보았다. 보마루라는 안정된 단면을 이용하여 유속을 직접 측정하는 방법은 앞서 언급했던 수위-유량관계를 이용한 기존 보 활용법상 단점도 극복할 수 있다. 즉 통제 특성과는 관계없이 측정할 수 있는 수심 범위에만 들어가게 되면 항상 측정이 가능하고 상류의 토사퇴적에도 영향을 전혀 받지 않는다. 설치한 후 센서가 파손되지 않고 관리만 잘 된다면 유량측정시 편리하고 정확하게 결과를 얻을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is safety evaluation of solar energy generation which is installed on the canopy at the LPG filling station. in case of a gas station, the solar energy generation was become legalization through a related law reform in 2008. Also, in case of a LPG filling station, the solar energy generation was become legalization through a related law reform in 2015. So, the related law that KGS CODE and Safety control of dangerous substances law and the case of installed solar energy generation in gas, LPG filling station was investigated. two scenarios are supposed for the CFD. Release of safety valve pipeline and ruptured dispenser leakage are the scenarios. The FLACS which developed GexCon in Norway was used for simulation. LPG dispersion to the upper side of canopy was very small with safety distance.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.26-31
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to study for turbocharger system in a vehicle of diesel engine. The first example, it certified the fact that a car engine is not to accelerate by clogged the exhaust tube as the turbine was damaged because of turbine wheel broken. The a vehicle with turbocharger must to stop engine operation after maintaining the appropriate idle revolution as it can be the sticking phenomenon if the operator immediately stop the engine being high revolution. The second example, it knew the phenomenon of acceleration faulty that the rod of VGT actuator that operating the turbocharger adhered with the bracket of VGT. The third example, it confirmed the power insufficiency phenomenon when driving by of alternator resistor and fan intercooler fan relay connector mistaken assembly. Therefore, the operator have to scrutinize manage no the failure of turbocharger system.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.122-130
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• 2020

In this study, a corrosion failure analysis of a heat transport pipe was conducted, as the result of a pinhole leak. Interestingly, the corrosion damage occurred externally in the pipeline, resulting in severe thickness reduction near the seam line. Also, while a stable magnetite protective film formed on the inner surface, the manganese oxide formation occurred only on the outer surface. The interior and exterior of the pipe were composed of ferrite and pearlite. The large manganese sulfide and alumina inclusions were found near the seam line. In addition, the manganese sulfide inclusions resulted in grooving corrosion, which progressed in the seam line leading to the reduction in the thickness, followed by the exposure of the alumina in the matrix to the outer surface. To note, the corrosion was accelerated by pits generated from the boundaries separating the inclusions from the matrix, which resulted in pinhole leaks and water loss.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.189-195
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• 2020

Two air vents situated on a heat transport pipe in district heating system were exposed to the same environment for 10 years. However, one air vent was more corroded than the other. It also had a hole on the top of the front-end pipe. Comparative analysis was performed for these air vents to identify the cause of corrosion and establish countermeasures. Through experimental observation of the damaged part and analyses of powders sampled from air vents, it was found that corrosion was initiated at the top of the front-end pipe. It then spread to the bottom. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy results showed that potassium and chlorine were measured from the corroded product in the damaged air vent derived from rainwater and insulation, respectively. The temperature of the damaged air vent was maintained at 75 ~ 120 ℃ by heating water. Rainwater-soaked insulation around the front-end pipe had been hydrolyzed. Therefore, the damaged air vent was exposed to an environment in which corrosion under insulation could be facilitated. In addition, ion chromatography and inductively coupled plasma measurements indicated that the matrix of the damaged front-end pipe contained a higher manganese content which might have promoted corrosion under insulation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 2003

In this paper, a high efficiency leakage transformer for neon tube is developed to improve its power factor, to reduce its core loss and weight by using a technique of shape optimization and grain direction of non-oriented silicon steel strip. A protection circuit is designed for all types of neon transformer loaded with one or more neon tubes. Whenever the neon tube fails to be started up or comes to the life end, or encounters faults with open-circuits at the output terminals of the neon transformer, the electronic type protection circuit will be initiated to avoid more critical hazards. These neon transformers need a electronic type protection circuit to prevent from current stresses on circuit components by neon tube fail. The input of the transformer is automatically cut on when the abnormal condition occurs, preventing waste of no-load power.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.5-14
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• 1991

Now a days, according that the occurrence of industrial disaster is on the increase, the necessity of protective goods is increasing. Specially estimate of safety helmet for protect of head is very important. On this, in this paper, amplification ratio and natural frequencies of fire safety helmet and general safety helmet are estimated by falling impect test and frequency analysis. Also. trend of damping is estimated by using these test results. And we know that the fire safety helmet is more safe than general safety helmet for protect of head.