• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.449-455
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• 2005

Electron beam (EB) and ultraviolet (UV) curable monomers (AF-1 with mono functionality and AF-2 with tetra functionality) containing hydroxy and acrylate group for anti-fogging coating were synthesized and applied to EB and UV-curable coating systems. The synthesized reactive AF-1 and AF-2 monomers were first formulated into UV-curable system and the optimization of film properties for anti-fogging coating was investigated. The 5:17.5 ratio for AF-1 and AF-2 was found to be the best optimized formulation for anti-fogging coating without destroying the other essential properties such as hardness, solvent resistance, and adhesion. The optimized formulation was applied to the EB-curable system, and EB and UV-curable systems were compared. The results demonstrated that both EB and UV-cured films coated on PC sheet showed excellent anti-fogging properties; however, the EB-cured film exhibited better hardness, adhesion, and water repellent properties than the UV-cured film.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were: 1) to develop the sensory lexicons of milk marketed in Korea, 2) to investigate the effects of pasteurization and milk composition on the sensory qualities of milk, and 3) to evaluate the correlation between descriptive analysis and the electronic nose method. Electronic nose and descriptive analyses were conducted to analyze the sensory characteristics of 14 milk samples. The 14 samples were provided from 4 manufacturers with different pasteurization methods, and varied in fat, calcium, and lactose content. Twenty-six sensory lexicons were developed to describe the sensory characteristics of the samples. The low temperature, long-time processed milk had a distinctive 'bi-rim' flavor regardless of the milk composition. The lactose-free milks were sweet, and the low-fat milks had relatively low intensities for most flavor attributes. The electronic nose method successfully grouped the milk samples primarily based on their composition, but grouped them weakly by pasteurization method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2003

홍국 추출물로서 기능성을 조사하고 홍국 첨가한 국수를 제조하기 위하여 관능검사를 통하여 적정제조조건을 설정한 후 국수를 제조하여 품질특성을 조사하였다. 홍국을 물과 70%에탄올로 추출한 후 항산화작용과 아질산염소거능을 조사하였다. 홍국 추출물의 전자공여능은 물추출물 500ppm에서 46%, 1,000ppm에서 49%의 전자공여능을 나타내었으나 에탄올추출물은 500ppm에서 51%, 1,000ppm에서 56%로서 물추출물보다 높은 전자공여능을 나타내었다. 홍국 추출물의 아질산염소거능은 물추출 1,000ppm pH 1.2에서 32% 정도의 소거능을 나타내었으며 에탄올추출물 1,000ppm은 pH 1.2에서 37%의 아질산염소거능을 나타내었다. 홍국 추출물의 황산화능과 아질산염소거능 모두 에탄올추출물이 물추출물보다 우수하였다. 홍국을 0~4% 첨가한 홍국국수의 관능검사에서 건면에 대하여 색, 향, 맛, 뒷맛, 총괄평가 등을 7점법으로 관능검사를 실시한 결과, 색상은 홍국 4% 첨가한 것을 가장 선호하였으며(p＜0.05) 향, 맛, 뒷맛은 각 첨가군간에 유의적 차이가 없었다. 건면에 대한 총괄평가는 3%와 4% 첨가한 국수를 가장 선호하였다(p＜0.05). 한편 삶은 홍국국수에 대한 관능검사를 실시한 결과에서, 색상은 4% 첨가국수를 가장 선호하였으나(p<0.05) 향, 부드러움, 맛, 뒷맛은 홍국 첨가농도간에 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 촉촉한 정도는 4%에서 유의적으로 기호도가 높았으며(p<0.05) 총괄평가는 각 농도의 홍국 첨가군 간에 유의적 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 건면과 생면의 관능검사 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 홍국국수의 제조시에 홍국을 3~4% 첨가하는 것이 가장 바람직한 것으로 판단된다. 홍국국수(생면)를 5$^{\circ}C$에 4주간 저장했을 때의 균수는 저장 2주까지는 생균수가 증가하였으나 2주후부터 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 저장초기의 균수는 홍국을 첨가한 국수가 대조구에 비하여 총균수와 효모.곰팡이수가 많았으나 저장 1주일 후부터 3주까지 홍국 첨가구가 대조구에 비하여 균수가 적었으며 홍국 첨가농도에 비례하여 감소하였다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.309-313
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• 1984

Rheological parameters which represent texture of chewing gum at each masticatory stage were selected by analysis of correlations among instrumental, sensory parameters and preferences. Sensory stiffness and instrumental puncture work were representative rheological parameters at initial stage, and sensory firmness and instrumental hardness at intermediate stage. The representative rheological parameters at final stage were sensory firmness and lift, and instrumental hardness, the slope of force-distance cruve of penetration test and springiness. An equation predicting consumer's preference and ideal texture profile of chewing gum with representative instrumental parameters were proposed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.303-314
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal mixing conditions for two different amounts of added mulberry powder and fresh cream to prepare functional chocolate with added mulberry powder. The experiment was designed according to the central composite response surface design, which showed 10 experimental points, and included two replicates for mulberry powder and fresh cream. The physiochemical, mechanical, and sensory properties of the test were measured, and these values were applied to the mathematical models. The results of the physiochemical and mechanical analyses of each sample, including pH, moisture content, total phenolic content, DPPH free radical scavenging activity, color L, color b, hardness, gumminess, and cohesiveness showed significant differences. The sensory characteristics of the samples tested were significantly different in flavor, texture, sourness, bitterness, and overall acceptability. The optimum formulation calculated by numerical and graphical methods was 25.76 g mulberry powder and 72.21 g fresh cream.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.691-695
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• 2010

In order to find correlations between the sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis in 'Campbell Early' grape, grapes were divided into three parts. One-half parts were used for the sensory evaluation and the other half were used as samples for instrumental analysis. Relationship between sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis were studied through correlation study using 48-paired data set obtained during storage. Soluble solid content analysis showed that instrumental quality attributes increased along the passage of storage time with increasing temperature. pH and titratable acidity decreased slightly at lower storage temperatures. Correlations between instrumental quality attributes in grapes were found to be very low. Positive correlation was found between pH and soluble solid content, and negative correlation was found between pH and titratable acidity. The relation of sourness and sweetness to sourness was higher than other sensory evaluation factors, and the shape of the grapes was found to have little relation to their sweetness. Texture ($r^2$=0.890) was found to be the most important factor in preference, followed next by sweetness with sourness ($r^2$=0.860). The correlations between the sensory evaluation and instrumental quality attributes were found to be very low, with overall acceptability given to a relatively high content of soluble solid content. Correlations between pH and titratable acidity in terms of overall acceptability were found to be very low.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.49-65
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• 2005

In the modem times, consumers are exposed in a plethora of advertisements either consciously or unconsciously. Generally, companies try to make eye-catching advertisements by using highly attractive models (HAM). In the case of apparel, consumers mainly collect information on fashion trends from advertisements they see in magazine, newspaper, catalogue, and television programs which are created by marketers. Therefore, the advertisements which are supplied by marketers affect consumers apparel purchasing behavior. In this study, a structural equation model is developed to examine how consumers determine the match-up suitability between models in the advertisements and the apparel they promote. As a result, we find two dimensions, sensuality and cuteness, in model attractiveness. Empirical results show that each dimension of the attractiveness plays different role in enhancing model-apparel match-up in the advertisements. Several implications of this study are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1123-1126
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• 2002

Kimchi was ripened at $25^{\circ}C$ for 4 days and heated at $100^{\circ}C$ for 10 or 40 min. pH of the ripened kimchi was not changed by heating, whereas sensory properties of kimchi, including overall acceptability, acidity, taste, odor, and texture, were improved, particularly by $100^{\circ}C/40$ min-heating. Allyl mercaptan, methyl allyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, diallyl sulfide, diallyl disulfide, and ethanol were detected in the ripened kimchi. Volatile odor components except ethanol and methyl allyl sulfide were removed by heating at $100^{\circ}C/10$ min, and the ethanol content was further reduced by heating at $100^{\circ}C/40$ min.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food and Cookery Science Conference
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• 1985.12a
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• pp.123-133
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• 1985

1. 1900년대 초기에는 조리 과학의 기초 개념으로 표준 recipe의 작성이 시도되었다. 2. 비타민과 무기질이 필수 영양소로 밝혀지면서 각종 식품 내의 영양가 분석이 광범위하게 이루어졌으며 과학 기술이 발달함에 따라 새로운 분석 기기의 도입으로 미량 원소의 분석도 가능하게 되었다. 3. 1950년대 후반부터 식품의 관능적 품질 요소를 평가하는대 Panel들의 오관을 이용한 관능 검사법이 이용되어 왔으며, 평가 방법이 점차 발달되어 IFT에서 1981년에 실험 목적에 따라 표준화된 관능조사 방법을 발표한 바 있다. 4. 식품의 품질 평가시 기계적 측정을 실시함으로써 객관적인 결과를 얻게 되었으며, 현재는 이를 관능 검사 결과와 관련시키고 있다. 5. 1970년대 이후 조리 과학적 측면에서의 식품 연구 경향을 J. Food Sci.와 Home Economics Research J.을 통하여 검토한 결과, 육류에 대한 연구가 가장 많았고, 영양가, 맛, tenderness가 주요 관점이었다. 그 다음으로는 두류와 곡류에 대한 연구가 많았으며 기타 식품에 대한 연구는 미흡한 실정이었다. 6. 미국에서 대두에 관한 연구는 동양에서의 이용방법을 직수입하지 않고 서구식 식생활에 맞게 발전시켰다. 이에는 textured vegetable protein등과 같이 육류 대체 식품으로서의 이용 가능성과 두류 단백질의 식품학적 기능성을 이용하여 첨가시 식품의 품질을 향상시키고자 하는 관점에서 연구가 진행되고 있으며 앞으로도 많은 관심을 받게 될 것으로 전망된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resources Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.174-177
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• 2004

본 연구는 재래흑돼지와 일반 개량종 돼지 삼겹의 관능적 특성을 비교, 분석하여 재래흑돼지에 대한 기초자료를 얻고자 실시하였다. 일반 조명 아래에서 가열육의 관능검사를 실시했을 경우 맛, 풍미, 조직감, 다즙성, 종합적 기호도 모두 일반 개량종 돼지 삼겹에서 가장 높게 나타났으나 붉은 조명 아래에서 생시체중이 75 kg인 재래흑돼지 삼겹에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 하지만 조명에 관계없이 생시체중이 56 kg인 재래흑돼지 삼겹에서는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 일반 조명 아래 신선육의 육안판별을 실시했을 경우 육색, 지방색, 마블링, 종합적 기호도 모두 일반 개량종 돼지 삼겹에서 가장 높게 나타났으며, 생시체중이 56 kg인 재래흑돼지 삼겹에서는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 이 결과를 통해 지방 유무를 판단하기 어려운 붉은 조명에서 재래흑돼지육의 관능점수가 높았기 때문에 결론적으로 지방에 대한 소비자들의 편견이 있음을 알 수 있다.