• The Science & Technology
• /
• v.9 no.7 s.86
• /
• pp.56-59
• /
• 1976

새마을기술봉사단 청주도단은 올 1~3월중에 1과학자 1마을 기술결연계획에 따라 읍ㆍ면 단위로 17개마을에 대한 과학 기술결연을 끝냄으로서 영농의 과학화와 농가소득증대에 새로운 장을 마련했다. 제주도 농어촌의 가구당 평균소득은 대부분 1백만원을 상회하고 자립마을의 경우는 1백90여만원을 넘는 전국최상위의 고소득마을도 많이 있다. 그러나 소득의 고저를 막론하고 영농방식은 고질적인 과거의 경험만으로 이루어지고 있어 영농의 과학화가 시급한 당면과제로 부각되고 있다. 스스로도 미쳐 깨닫지 못하는 경영방식의 오류와 숱한 시술상의 난문제들을 발견하고도 이를 합리적으로 해결하려들기 보다는 불가항력으로 돌려버리거나 체념해버리는 경우가 허다한 것이다. 제주도단은 이같은 문제점을 보다 신속히 해결하고 과학기술이식의 중요성 및 새마을기술봉사단의 신뢰도를 제고시키기 위해 마을의 요청에 만 응하는 소극적이고 수동적인 자세를 탈피하여 보다 적극적으로 봉사단을 활성화시키는데 전력을 경주하고 있다. 기술결연시에는 단장, 부단장, 결연교수와 행정요원, 지방유지들이 모두 참석한 가운데 결연식을 같는 한편 기술강연 및 홍보영화(새마을과 과학기술, 히말라야의 도전등)를 상영, 새마을기술봉사단의 활동분야 소개와 과학기술의 중요성을 인식시켰다. 「그들(농어민)속에 우리(봉사단) 」가 되기 위해 봉사단원들은 결연마을나 새마을 현지를 직접 찾아가 기술애로사항을 해결하는데 헌신 노력한 결과 부락민들과의 유대강화는 물론 소득면에서 많은 성과를 거양했다. 많은 지도사례중에서 특히 성과가 있었던 몇가지 사례를 골라 게재해 보기로 한다.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.119-130
• /
• 1999

As Japanese economy has been well developed, the manpower problem of farmland has also become one of the largest and the most crucial issues in the overall agricultural policy of the Japanese Government. Particularly, the energetic younger generation and a core of agricultural labor force, has drastically decreased, while the weak older generation has increased. The severity of manpower shortage in agricultural sector led to create a farmer training programs which had been vigorously begun by the Yamagata Prefecture, and a center for promoting local autonomy. The major purpose of education for enhancement of status of future farmers as well as the welfare of core farmhousehold is to provide them with technical of vocational education to give training to those who want to become agricultural technicians, rural leaders of practical farmers Educational program for future and young farmers put emphasis on practical trainings which are directly applied to proper farm management. As a supporting policy for promoting future farmers' activities, Prefecture-level supports were strengthened to develop technical capability, managerial and supervisory ability, and the ability to lead organized activity so that the farm youth may operate modern farms with higher efficiency and greater specialization. Political consideration was also made to develop a rich sense of farm management as well as the adaptability necessary to introduce technical and managerial innovations. Methological measurements on how the Korean government has to do for solving the problem of agricultural manpower facing in farmland in Korea were noted.

• Agrochemical news magazine
• /
• v.15 no.6 s.123
• /
• pp.52-55
• /
• 1994

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
• /
• v.15 s.160
• /
• pp.118-122
• /
• 1983

미래의 불확실한 농업상황을 체계적으로 과학적으로 예측함으로써 개별농가가 영농계획 수립의 지침으로 삼는 것은 물론 정부의 농업정책수립에도 활용될 수 있도록 과거와 현재의 가능한 관련정보를 수집정리하고 이를 과학적으로 분석하여 미래상황을 예측하고 널리 홍보하는 과정이다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.218-225
• /
• 2023

An agrivoltaic system (AVS) is a combined system that generates power through photovoltaic panels (PVPs) installed above a field where a crop is cultivated. Although soil moisture is an important limiting factor for open-field crop production, particularly during spring season in Korea, it is not well considered in the utilization of AVS. Indeed, the application of water-energy-food nexus on the AVS should be necessary. In this study, the changes of soil moisture and temperature under the AVS was investigated in fallow paddy field during spring season. The AVS that has partial shading condition by PV panels was decreased soil temperature and increased soil moisture compared to open-field. Furthermore, the maximum of the change in soil moisture to the change in soil temperature had a negative correlation both on open-field and AVS under wet condition. It represents that the micro-climate under the AVS is in energy-limited condition. The open-field of relatively high soil temperature was in water-limited condition. The different behavior of soil moisture on the AVS should be considered for the sustainable agricultural system as related to water-energy-food nexus.

• Food Science and Industry
• /
• v.46 no.4
• /
• pp.12-18
• /
• 2013

• Agrochemical news magazine
• /
• v.19 no.1 s.142
• /
• pp.26-28
• /
• 1998

남미의 페루연안에서 적도에 이르는 태평양상의 수온이 2$\~$6년 주기로 올라가 세계 각지에 홍수, 가뭄, 폭설 등을 몰고 다닌다는 기상이변의 주범인 엘니뇨 현상은 과연 우리나라는 안전지대인가? 그렇다면 지난한해동안 논란이 계속돼온 엘니뇨 현상이 과연 올해에는 우리나라 농업에 어떤 영향을 미칠것인가는 모든이의 궁금 사하이 아닐 수 없다. 물론 기사이변을 예측하는데는 고도의 과학적 자료와 분석능력이 뒷따라야 하기 때문에 쉽게 접근할 수 없다는 어려움이 있다. 그러나 농림부는 그동안 각종 자료를 꾸준히 분석하여 엘니뇨 발생에 따른 병 해충 발생양상을 예견해 보고 이에 대비한 영농대책을 마련, 시행에 만전을 기하고 있다. 농림부는 어떤 예측을 하고있으며 그에 따른 대책은 무엇인가에 대해 알아본다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2021

An agrivoltaic system (AVS) is a system of innovation that comprises productions of photovoltaic power and agricultural crops on the same area. However, the decline in crop yield will be fatally occurred because the pigments of crop absorbs less light energy under AVS. In addtion, the photosynthetic capacity of crop grown under the partial shading of AVS is not well reported. In this study, the electron transport rate (ETR) and non-photochemical fluorescence quenching (NPQ) of soybean and rice under the AVS in Boseong and Naju was investigated using chlorophyll fluorescence measurement. The ETR value of soybean and rice under AVS were not significantly differed by location. It represents that the photophosphorylation rate of the crops is not critically different. It means that the decreases in total photosynthesis under AVS were mostly affected by the amount of light absorbed by leaves. Under AVS the photosynthesis of crops will be lower than field crops grown in open fields. This is because the crops under AVS observed higher NPQ, which means that the available energy cannot distribute to photophosphorylation reaction.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.83-121
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to examine how solid the production foundation of rice in Chung-Nam Province is, and, if not, to probe alternative measures through the size of farms specializing in rice, of which direction would be a pivot of rice industry-oriented policy. The results obtained can be summarized as follows : 1. The amount of rice production in Chung-Nam Province is highest in Korea and the size of paddy field area is the second largest : This implying that the probability that rice production in Chung-Nam Province would be severely influenced by a global trend of market conditions. The number of farms specializing in rice becoming the core group of rice farming account for 7.7 percent of the total number of farm household in Korea. Average field area financial support which had been input to farm household by Government had a noticeable effect on the improvement of the policy of farm-size program. 2. Farm-size program in Chung-Nam Province established from 1980 to 2002 in creased the cultivation size of paddy field to 19,484 hectares, and this program enhanced the buying and selling of farmland and the number of farmland bargain reached 6,431 household and 16,517 hectares, respectively, in 1995-2002. Meanwhile, long-term letting and hiring of farmland appeared so active that the bargain acreage reached 6,970 hectares, and farm involved was 7,059 households, however, the farm-exchange-and-unity program did not satisfy our expectation, because the retirement farm operators reluctantly participated to sell their farms. Another reason that had delayed the bargain of farms rested on the general category of social complication attendant upon the exchange and unity operation for scattered farm. Such difficulties would work negative effects out to carry on the target of farm-size work in general. 3. The following measures were presented to propel the farm-size promotion program : a. Occupation shift project, followed by the social security program for retirement and elderly farm operators, should be promptly established and also a number of types of incentives for promoting the letting and hiring work and farm-exchange-and-unity program would also be set up. b. To establish the effective key system of rice production, all the farm operators should increase the unit area yield of rice and lower the production cost. To do so, a great deal of production teams of rice equipped with managerial techniques and capabilities need to be organized. And, also, there should be appropriate arrays of facilities including information system. This plan is desirable to be in line with a diversity of the structural implement of regional integration based on farm system building. c. To extend the size of farm and to improve farm management, we have to devise the enlargement of individual size of farm for maximized management and the utilization of farm-size grouping method. In conclusion, it can be said that the farm-size project in Chung-Nam Province which has continued since the 1980s was satisfactorily achieved. However, we still have a lot of problems to be solved to break down the barrier for attainment of the desirable farm-size operation work.. Farm-size project has fairly close relation with farm specialization in rice and, thus, the positive support for farm household including the integrated program for both retirement farmers and off-farm operators should be considered to pursue the progressive development of the farm-size program, which is key means to successful achievement of rice farming enforcement in Chung-Nam Province.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.171-194
• /
• 2004

The antebellum American South has been characterized by the lingering backward images of plantation, slaves and cotton. The South specializing in the cotton cultivation is compared with the manufacturing East and the breadbasket Midwest. Douglass North who examined the interregional trade assumed that the South up until 1860 relied on the Midwest for the foodstuffs. Statistical and literary evidence, however, disputes the North's model, showing instead that the southern region attained self-sufficiency in foodstuffs at least in the late 1830s or early 1840s. The South's food self-sufficiency is attributable, to a greater extent, to the region-wide environmental movement of scientific agriculture launched to address the aggravating soil problems from cotton monoculture. Diversification and crop rotation lied in the center of the new regime. The new agricultural system combining com, cotton and cowpea ensured the procurement of hoecake, hog meat, and cotton. The most significant outcome of the good farming regime, however, was the enhanced environmental consciousness which came to prevail the best farmer's reckless rush for profit maximization.