• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2008

BCC(Boolean Cardinality Constraint) is to select one boolean variable from n different variables. It is widely used in many areas including software engineering. Thus, many efficient encoding techniques of BCC into CNF have been studied extensively In this paper we analyze some representative encodings with respect to flexibility as well as efficiency. In addition we use a visualization tool to draw the CNF clauses generated from each encodings. Visualizing the clauses exposes a hidden structure in encodings and makes to compare each encodings on the structure level, which is one of the prominent achievement in our work compared to other works. And we apply our analysis on the pigeon-hole problems to have confidence. In our experimental settings, the commander encoding shows the best performance.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2019

An end-to-end speech recognition model consisting of a single integrated neural network model was recently proposed. The end-to-end model does not need several training steps, and its structure is easy to understand. However, it is difficult to understand how the model recognizes speech internally. In this paper, we visualized and analyzed the attention-based end-to-end model to elucidate its internal mechanisms. We compared the acoustic model of the BLSTM-HMM hybrid model with the encoder of the end-to-end model, and visualized them using t-SNE to examine the difference between neural network layers. As a result, we were able to delineate the difference between the acoustic model and the end-to-end model encoder. Additionally, we analyzed the decoder of the end-to-end model from a language model perspective. Finally, we found that improving end-to-end model decoder is necessary to yield higher performance.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.765-780
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to synthesize the theoretical perspectives, research methods, and research results of teachers' professional vision by reviewing and analyzing previous research papers and to suggest implications for science teacher education and research. Three databases were used to search peer reviewed journal articles published between 1997-2017, which include 'teachers' and 'professional vision' explicitly in abstracts and empirical studies only. 21 articles in total were analyzed and review results are as follows. First, researchers regarded professional vision as a new concept of teacher professionalism. Previous research viewed professional vision as integrated structure of teachers' knowledge or ability activated at specific moment. Second, the analytical framework of professional vision included two aspects; 'selective attention' and 'reasoning'. Several aspects of lessons or the desirable teaching and learning factors are suggested as the subcategories of selective attention. Hierarchical levels or independent reasoning ability factors are suggested as the subcategories of reasoning process. Third, research on teachers' professional vision focused more on middle school teachers than elementary teachers and on various subject areas. Most studies used video clips and more cases of using videos of non-participants were found. In case of measurement of professional vision, most quantitative scoring methods were whether the responses of experts and teachers on video clips were consistent. Last, most studies examined or assessed teachers' professional vision. It is reported that in-service teachers' professional vision was evaluated higher than novice teachers' and using video clips were effective to examine and improve teachers' professional vision.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.109-124
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• 2003

Although most commercial relational DBMSs Provide a graphical query language for the user friendly interfaces of the databases, few research has been done for graphical query languages in object databases. Expressing complex query conditions in a concise and intuitive way has been an important issue in the design of graphical query languages. Since the object data model and object query languages are more complex than those of the relational ones, the graphical object query language should have a concise and intuitive representation method. We propose a graphical object query language called GOQL (Graphical Object Query Language) for object databases. By employing simple graphical notations, advanced features of the object queries such as path expressions including set attributes, quantifiers, and/or methods can be represented in a simple graphical notation. GOQL has an excellent expressive power compared with previous graphical object query languages. We show that path expressions in XSQL(1,2) can be represented by the simple graphical notations in GOQL. We also propose an algorithm that translates a graphical query in GOQL into the textual object query with the same semantics. We finally describe implementation results of GOQL in the Internet environments.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

폭발적으로 성장하는 소셜 미디어 서비스로 인해 개인간의 연결이 강화된 환경에서는 URL로써 전파되는 피싱 공격의 위험성이 크게 강조된다. 최근 텍스트 분류 및 모델링 분야에서 그 성능을 입증받은 딥러닝 알고리즘은 피싱 URL의 구문적, 의미적 특징을 각각 모델링하기에 적절하지만, 기존에 사용하는 규칙 기반 앙상블 방법으로는 문자와 단어로부터 추출되는 특징간의 비선형적인 관계를 효과적으로 융합하는데 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 피싱 URL의 구문적, 의미적 특징을 체계적으로 융합하기 위한 컨볼루션 신경망 기반의 퓨전 신경망을 제안하고 기계학습 방법 중 최고의 분류정확도 (0.9804)를 달성하였다. 학습 및 테스트 데이터셋으로 45,000건의 정상 URL과 15,000건의 피싱 URL을 수집하였고, 정량적 검증으로 10겹 교차검증과 ROC커브, 정성적 검증으로 오분류 케이스와 딥러닝 내부 파라미터를 시각화하여 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.570-571
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• 2010

본 연구는 색, 색감, 색의 조화론 등 예술과 감성으로만 다루어지던 전문 분야의 내용을 과학적인 방법으로 해석하고, 계산해 낼 수 있는 연구들에 대한 관련 연구들의 동향을 분석하고, 정량적인 색의 조화 및 매치의 판단 방법을 제안한다. 이때, 과학적인 방법이란, 수치와 컴퓨터과학을 사용하여 색의 조화 이론을 체계화하여 빠르게 처리하는 근원적인 방법으로 정의한다. 또한, 색의 정량화를 위하여 기존의 대표적인 색채계들의 특징 및 성격을 분석하며 이를 통해 색채계에 기반하여 색을 수치화 한다. 색의 조화 및 매치에 대한 정량적 판단은 컴퓨터를 사용하는 일반 사용자들의 색과 색감을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라, 시각, 영상, 산업 디자인에의 효과적 적용, 색을 통한 정신적 분석 및 치유, 색감 향상 교육, 유사색및 유사디자인 검색, 개인 맞춤형 색채 마케팅 등 다양한 분야에 활용될 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.369-372
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• 2007

한의학적 진단 이론은 우수성을 보유하고 있음에도 불구하고 계량화, 정량화되어 시각적으로 표현해 주는 결과를 보이지 못해 서양의학에 비해 뒤떨어져 있는 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 한의학의 망진을 의료 시스템화 하기 위한 한 단계로서 찰색의 기본이 되는 피부색의 분석을 행하였다. 이를 위해 각 개인의 피부색 차이를 수렴하고 이에 대한 분석을 시행함으로 피부색에 대한 공학적 분석을 시도하였다. 본 논문에서는 객관적으로 피부가 검은 사람과 흰 사람을 비교, 분석하였으며 또한 일반인들을 대상으로 피부색 분석을 실행하여 피부색에 대한 개념을 정립하고자 한다. 마지막으로 이에 대한 평균값을 구하며 망진 시스템의 주된 대상이 되는 황인종의 피부색에 대한 연구를 행하고자 한다.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.48-67
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• 1999

In an advanced computer and information network technologies, users are rapidly approaching environment in which information will be created, delivered, managed and stored, using vastly different methods to traditional pap r based systems. Information seeking behavior contains not only physical access, but also cognitive process in which reading, viewing, analyzing, reasoning etc. The most Important factor determining the usability of electronic documents is cognitive process. But, currently Navigation tools for using electronic documents depend on physical searching without considering cognitive process. Therefore, this study examined feasibility of using overal cognitive process in developing navigation tools. Six cognitive process style have been analyzed to find common skill of information seeking process. Also this study suggests skills that needs to introduce to functions of navigation tool, such as searching, filtering, visualization, traversal, content structure.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.275-292
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• 2019

This study was initiated with the attention of demanding new and diverse approaches, we're talking familiar with imitations in the design process like a way to draw a image. So I studied a convergence of humanities and visual arts with the understanding and conceptual approach of the formless. The purpose of this study is to develop formless languages and to organize practical courses which are to enable deeper research and design expression on theoretical approaches and explanations of outcomes required before and after the process when we practice in connection with the formless. The method of this study is to draw detailed items from selected words through advanced researches, work and author researches and practice teaching. The results of the study I proposed the formless language that is related to the horizontality in spatial positioning system, and pulse in the separation of space and time, and entropy in structural orders of the system, and base materialism in the limitation of matter as the operating mechanism and parent item of formless. And those elements are related with shape, size, shading, color, texture, space, structure as visual elements of formative elements and those have various adjectival meanings as the subordinate concept. So I presented an education materials of basic design which is to enable understanding and expressing the formless language in the overall process of formless visual art(theoretical approach, practice course, presentation, etc.). Based on these study results, I hope that this educational materials will be used as educational contents that makes them express and understand different new beauties, and a role that reveals social identity, and a reference for research on a formless visual arts.

• Journal of the KSME
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.540-550
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• 1991

chaos이론은 현재 사회과학과 자연과학의 많은 분야에 있어서 연구 수단 또는 연구 대상으로서의 폭발적인 인기를 누리고 있다. 열 . 유체역학, 동력학, 구조역학, 화학(화학 분야에 있어서의 chaos개념은 Prigogine(1978년Nobel상 수상자)과 Stengers의 저서에 잘 기술되어 있음), 플라즈마 물리학, 전자공학, 전기공학 등 우리들에게 친숙한 학문은 말할 것 없고, 의학, 생태학, 생물학, 인구학, 경제학, 회계학 등에서도 종래의 것과는 완전히 다른 시각에서 현상을 분석하고 예측하 려는 노력을 하고 있다. 그리고 최근에는 computer graphics 에서도 간단한 수식 모델로 fractal set를 형성시켜, 각종 나무, 꽃, 파도, 구름등 자연의 산물들을 성공적으로 묘사하고 있다. Gleick는 chaos이론에 의한 각 분야에 있어서의 새로운 현상을 Newton-Einstein 이후의 또 다른 과학 혁명이라 부르고 있다. 그리고, 지금까지의 서양 학문이 줄곧 세부화의 길을 달려 왔으나 chaos에 의해 그 과정이 역으로 될 것이라는 인식이 일고 있다. 이는 chaos의 질서의 법칙이 보편타당성(universality)의 일면을 갖고 있다는데 기인되며, 종합화를 지향하는 동양의 제반 학 문과 그 성격상 일맥상통한 점이 있어, chaos학이 동양인의 기호 학문이 되리라 믿는다.