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Kim, Dal-Kwan
- Iberoamérica
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- v.23 no.2
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- pp.1-54
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- 2021
On December 29, 1996, the Guatemala government and guerrilla group "Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemala: URNG" signed the "Guatemalan Peace Agreement," ending the civil war that lasted in Guatemala for 36 years (1960-1996). During the 36-year civil war, 200,000 people were killed or missing, and 400,000 Guatemalans fled Guatemala as a result of the civil war. In June 1954, with the help of the United States, Carlos Castillo Armas (1954-1957) coup d'état in Guatemala overthrew the then government of Jacobo Arbenz Guzmán (1950-1954). Armas later became president of Guatemala. Armas was assassinated in 1957, and a 36-year civil war began in 1958 when Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes (1958-1963), a conservative, was elected president. Armas later became president of Guatemala. Armas was assassinated in 1957, and a 36-year civil war began in 1958 when Miguel Ydígoras Fuentes (1958-1963), a conservative, was elected president. Idygoras was rated as America's puppet president for the benefit of American corporations. Although Guatemala's 36-year civil war began with the government of Idigoras, more fundamentally, the 1954 coup d'état was the cause of the 36-year civil war. The purpose of this study is to examine the background and characteristics of the 1954 coup in Guatemala.
https://doi.org/10.19058/iberoamerica.2021.12.23.2.1 인용

이경희
- Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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- v.23 no.1
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- pp.1-9
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- 1985
과테말라의 알타 베라파즈 지역에서 원주민들의 민속의상의 하나인 Huipil 재료로 생산되는 반투명의 백생 무명 수직물은 독특한 직조기법과 구성을 보이고 있다. 이에 대한 부분적인 연구는 O'neale 과 Osborne 등에 의하여 이루어 졌으며, 본고에서는 이들 연구를 기초로 이 지역의 Huipil 재료의 직조과정과 기법에 대하여 고찰하였다. 또한 구체적인 직물구조의 분석은 Iowa 주립대학의 직물소장품중 4점의 이지역 Huipil 재료를 실측하여 이들 각각의 전체적인 구조와 기본적인 직조방법, 그리고 무늬를 형상하는 기법에 대하여 검토하엿다. 본 고찰을 통하여 이 지역에서 생산된 Huipil은 대부분 원시적인 형태의 직조기에 의해 완성되었으며 복잡한 무늬를 짤 경우에도 보조적인 도구는 사용되지 않고 특유의 수직기법에 의해 이루어졌음을 밝혓다. 또한 Huipil의 바탕은 plain weave, gauze, 도는 brocade의 변형으로 구성되었으며 바탕과 무늬의 변화는 실의 굵기의 변화로 더욱 강조되어 독특한 효과를 나타내고 있다.
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Noh, Yongseok
- Cross-Cultural Studies
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- v.34
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- pp.147-172
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- 2014
The Guatemalan government and guerrilla forces(the Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteco, URNG) signed peace accord in 1996, and ended civil conflict(1960-1996). The bloodiest governments of the 36-year-lond armed conflict were those of Lucas Garc?a, R?os Montt and Mej?a V?ctores, between 1978 and 1983. The war that Guatemala underwent resulted in more than 200,000 casualties, more than 83% of them Mayan, according to the report of the CEH(Comision para de Esclarecimiento Historico). 'Victoria 82' and 'Opreation Sof?a' were the strategy of military dictatorship to destory indigenous Mayan communities. This paper is to demonstrates that the Guatemalan state perpetrated a genocide against the indigenous population using racism to strengthening modern nation-state and this was because, historically and structurally, it possessed, in its intrinsic naturem the repressive, ideological and legal apparatus. To distinguish Maya from ladino is often linked to cultural and social discrimination and a system of racial ranking. Militaty dictatorship used the system of racial ranking to exterminate indigenous populations.