• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.82-93
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the relation between peripheral blood leukocyte differential - Granulocyte rate, Lymphocyte rate and its calculated Granulocyte/Lymphocyte ratio - and the obstetric variables. Methods: From 270 cases of women who were in the postpartum care center attached to Won-Kwang Korean Medical Hospital, 36 cases met exclusion criteria. On the obstetric variables of 234 cases, peripheral blood leukocyte differential - Granulocyte rate, Lymphocyte rate and its calculated Granulocyte/Lymphocyte ratio - was analyzed. In the postpartum care center, the obstetric variables were asked of 234 cases of women, and who measured leukocyte differential. Results: Mean granulocyte rate and lymphocyte rate of peripheral blood leukocyte differential showed statistically significant difference from those in healthy people and was high. There was statistically significant difference in granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio according to mood of delivery, parity and period passed from childbirth. But whether postpartum women with anemia or not, maternal age and gender of neonate were not associated with granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio, and which was not significantly correlated with gestational age and neonatal birth weight. Conclusions: These findings suggest that activation of the sympathetic nervous system in postpartum women is higher than in healthy people. And granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio was influenced by mood of delivery, parity and period passed from childbirth. In future, more studies or surveys, with less bias, for the relation between peripheral blood leukocyte differential and the obstetric variables are required.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.359-366
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• 1996

Background : Eosinophilic leukocytes are prominent cellular participants in the pathogenesis of allergic disease and asthma. Chemotaxis is still a very useful method in evaluating the response of human eosinophil to novel modulators. Degranulated mast cells and activated T lymphocytes are responsible for the pathophysiology of asthma and tryptase is one of most important proteases released after activation of mast cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the actions of trypsin and chymotrypsin on eosinophils in terms of chemotaxis and activation. Method : Eosinophils were isolated by negative immunoselection from the peripheral blood of atopic donors. Chemotaxis was studied by using micro-Boyden chambers and ECP release was assayed by fluoroimmunoassay. Results : Eosinophil showed a chemotactic response to trypsin. Maximal chemotactic response was with $1000{\mu}g/ml$ trypsin ($56.52{\pm}14.50$/HPF) which was comparable to PAP. But chymotrypsin showed no significant chemotactic response to eosinophils. Trypsin at the concentration of 10, 100, $1000{\mu}g/ml$ induced secretion of ECP, which at the concentration of $10{\mu}g/ml$ represented about 2.7 times of the spontaneous rate of release. Soybean protease inhibitor reduced trypsin induced ECP release. Conclusion : Trypsin can induce chemotactic response to eosinophils and activation of eosinophils that can induce secretion of ECP. On the contrary, chymotrypsin showed no direct effect on eosinophils. We propose a role of trypsin on the chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.111-122
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• 1985

The present study was performed to observe the ultrastructure of the integument of adult Paragonimus westermani. Dogs experimentally infected with 60 metacercariae of F. westermani were autopsied 4 months after the infection. Adult p. westermani were extracted from the dogs and the fine structure was studied by means of scanning and transmission electron microscope. The findings are as follows: 1. Scanning electron microscopic findings showed that the spines and the papillae are distributed at whole body surface but the well developed spines or papaillae are shown around the oral sucker and ventral sucker. 2. At the end of the body, excretory pore was found, the shape was irregular. 3. Transmission electron microscopic findings showed that plasma membrane, tegument, basal lamina, connective tissue, circular muscle layer, longitudinal muscle layer. nerve axon and tegumental cell were observed. 4. In higher magnification, plasma membrance and bar-shaped granules were found at the outer surface of the tegument.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2001

The histological responses of the flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus to copper were examined in the gill, hepatopancreas and kidney. In control group, from 5 weeks mucous cells and chloride cells were increased in the gill, and numerous hemocytes and some melano-macrophagocytes were observed in the hepatopancreas and kidney. The minimum concentration for histological responses was 0.05mg/$\ell$/7d. In this group gill and hepatopancreas showed chloride cell activation, hepatocyte activation, pancreatic zymogen reduction, and congestion, and melanomacrophagocytes were observed in the kidney. From the histological observations, the critical concentrations for dysfunctionality were 0.18mg/$\ell$/21d in the gill, 0.18mg/$\ell$/14d in the hepatopancreas and 0.08mg/$\ell$/14d in the kidney, respectively.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.218-224
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• 2019

This study was conducted to compare the effect of salicylic acid (SA), an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor, and the 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) fumigation, to prevent fruit quality deterioration and physiological disorders during the shelf-life of Korea's leading export grape variety 'Campbell Early'. The berries treated with SA after 1-MCP fumigation (1-MCP+SA) showed a higher firmness value and titratable acidity than single treatment of SA or 1-MCP. The rate of shattered berry was high as 41.7% for 100ppm ethephon spray, 40.8% for $25{\mu}M$ SA, and 38.2% for 1,000ppb 1-MCP, but showing only 18.7% when the SA was applied after 1-MCP fumigation. The ratio of short brushes less than 1mm was largest at 74.3% for ethephon treatment, while 1-MCP+SA treatment was found to have the longest brush length among all treatments, with a 2-4mm ratio of 22.8% and a 4-6mm ratio of 27.9%. The weight of rachis was found to be the lowest at 2.3g in the ethephon treatment, and the reduction of rachis weight loss per cluster by 1-MCP+SA treatment was evident. In addition, 1-MCP+SA treatment were effective in mitigating stem browning and berry decay during the 16-day storage period at $19^{\circ}C$ in this cultivar, so it is believed that they can be used as a practical post-harvest treatment in grape exportation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2004

Firstly, we compared the two staining techniques, Giemsa and Acridine orange, to determine micronuclei on samples of cultures of five healthy human peripheral blood lymphocytes after ${\gamma}-irradiation\;(^{137}Cs)$ in dose ranges of 0 to 800cGy. It was found that the Acridine orange staining method gives more reliable results than the usual Giemsa staining method in micronucleus tests. Moreover, the frequency of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked human B-lymphocytes was studied after in vitro irradiation in dose ranges of 0 to 50cGy. After setting and separating the B-lymphocytes, the frequency of radiation-induced micronuclei were observed as the end-point markers for the low-dose radiation dosimetry after staining with Giemsa and Acridine orange dyes. The micronuclei frequency in B-lymphocytes was significantly elevated from 10 to 30cGy ${\gamma}-irradiation$. The determination of micronuclei in B-lymphocytes after staining with Acridine orange was higher than that of Giemsa. The frequency of micronuclei in B-lymphocytes was observed to be at least two times higher than those of T-lymphocytes Giemsa in dose increasing. Therefore, the determination of low-dose radiation-induced micronuclei in B-lymphocytes after staining with Acridine orange is likely to have the greatest potential in the estimation of low dose radiation exposure.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.596-602
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of peripheral neutrophil count with the development of respiratory failure in preterm infants. Methods : A retrospective study was conducted from January 1993 to December 1999 on 44 preterm infants, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of St. Francisco hospital. Preterm infants(birth weight 500 to 1,350 gm) who had a complete blood count obtained within 2 hours after delivery. Patients in the lowest of neutrophil count(early neutropenia, < $1.0{\times}10^9/L$) were compared with patients in the remaining group. Results : Low neutrophil count were transient in early neutropenia group. The concentration the circulating neutrophil count rose from $0.85{\pm}0.11{\times}10^9/L$ at average of 2 hours after delivery to $5.3{\pm}2.7{\times}10^9/L$ at 24 hours after delivery in the early neutropenia group and from $3.6{\pm}1.6{\times}10^9/L$ to $5.8{\pm}3.2{\times}10^9/L$ in the non-neutropenia group during the same time period. Compare to the non-neutropenia group, the neutropenia group had a lower birth weight($1,046.50{\pm}180.76gm$ Vs $1,156.70{\pm}124.99gm$), a lower Apgar score(1 min : $3.41{\pm}1.18$ Vs $4.30{\pm}1.46$, 5 min : $5.41{\pm}0.87$ Vs $6.15{\pm}0.95$), and a higher incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(27.27% Vs 7.0%). Patients who had early neutropenia were more likely to require mechanical ventilation, supplemental oxygen and hospital stay. Also, main effect factors for the two groups were birth weight(Odds ratio=5.457, 95% CI=1.551-27.525), initial peripheral blood white cells(odds ratio=8.308, 95% CI=2.054-52.699), and bronchopulmonary dysplasia(odds ratio=0.099, 95% CI=0.017-0.397). Conclusion : A low count of neutrophil in the systemic circulation of premature infants within 2 hours of birth is associated with more severe respiratory distress.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.308-308
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• 1994

열분석 (DSC, TG/DTA)을 통해 Q-35는 A, B, C의 세가지 다형이 존재함을 알수 있었으며 이중 상대습도에 따른 흡습성의 변화가 적고, 가습에 의해 다형전환이 일어나지 않는 C형이 제제에 유리하다고 사료된다. 또한C형은 분쇄, 연합 및 타정에 의한 다형의 전환이 없었다. Q-35의 용해도는 물, 메탄올, 에탄올에 각각 0.30.3.55,6.31mg/m1 이었으며 PH5이상에서는 급격히 용해도가 감소하고 산성에서는 용해도가 크게 증가하는 양상을 나타냈다. 적층시험, 배합시험을 통해 선정한부형제의 표준 처방 혼합물로 정제를 저조한 결과Q-35의 성형성은 양호하였고 Q-35의 함량이 증가함에 따라 붕해시간이 다소 지 연됨을 알수 있었다. 그러나 Q-35원료는 유동성이 적어 직타법이 적합하지 않았으며, 습식 과립압축법에 따라 저조한 정제의 붕해시간은 5-9분, 15분 후 용출은 91.$\pm$5.0% 이었다. Q-35정제를 4$0^{\circ}C$, 4$0^{\circ}C$ ㆍ 75%RH에서 6개월, 6$0^{\circ}C$에서 3개월 보존후 함량을 측정한 결과 각각 100.0, 98.7, 98.9%이었으며 그밖의 항목에서도 안정한 결과를 얻어 Q-35정제는 온도 및 습도어 안정한 것으로 사료된다. 대량생산 연구결과 Q-35의 결정수가 이탈되지 않도록 건조, 코팅 공정 중 정제의 온도를 5$0^{\circ}C$ 이하로 유지시켰다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.294-295
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• 2002

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 1999

Experiments were performed to study the activity and fertility of grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) sperm after the courses of cold storage and cryopreservation. The head of spermatozoon showing spherical shape was sized $1.26{\pm}0.08 \{mu}textrm{m}$ in diameter and its nucleus contained numerous granular chromatins. Flagellum of tail showed typical 9＋2 structure. Preservation of grey mullet sperm was the most effective when it was stored with serum of the same species at $0^{\circ}C$ and sperm activity index was similar in egg-tris, 0.1 M, 0.3 M and 0.5 M glucose. When grey mullet sperm were cryopreserved in MFRS as diluent with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide was effective compared with other diluents. Some of post-thawed spermatozoa showed the enlarged head and ruptured plasma membrane compared with unfrozen spermatozoa.