• Title/Summary/Keyword: 공통 양 이론

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Photonic Crystals: Theory and Applications (광자결정: 이론과 응용)

  • 기철식;임한조
    • Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2003.07a
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    • pp.4-5
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    • 2003
  • 21세기의 정보화 사회에는 많은 양의 정보를 신속하게 전달하며 처리하는 기술이 요구될 것이라는 것은 누구나 예상하는바 이다. 하지만, 20세기의 과학발전을 주도했던 전자소자는 이러한 요구에 부응하기 어렵다는 것이 전문가들의 공통된 견해이며 그 대안을 광을 이용한 광소자에서 찾고 있다. 헌데, 기존의 광소자들로는 효율과 소자의 크기 면에서 한계를 보이고 있어 그 한계를 극복할 대안이 요구되어진다.(중략)

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Quotitive Division and Invert and Multiply Algorithm for Fraction Division (분수 포함제와 제수의 역수 곱하기 알고리즘의 연결성)

  • Yim, Jaehoon
    • Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.521-539
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    • 2016
  • The structures of partitive and quotitive division of fractions are dealt with differently, and this led to using partitive division context for helping develop invert-multiply algorithm and quotitive division for common denominator algorithm. This approach is unlikely to provide children with an opportunity to develop an understanding of common structure involved in solving different types of division. In this study, I propose two approaches, measurement approach and isomorphism approach, to develop a unifying understanding of fraction division. From each of two approaches of solving quotitive division based on proportional reasoning, I discuss an idea of constructing a measure space, unit of which is a quantity of divisor, and another idea of constructing an isomorphic relationship between the measure spaces of dividend and divisor. These ideas support invert-multiply algorithm for quotitive as well as partitive division and bring proportional reasoning into the context of fraction division. I also discuss some curriculum issues regarding fraction division and proportion in order to promote the proposed unifying understanding of partitive and quotitive division of fractions.

고객만족의 핵심 성공요인 도출에 관한 연구;말콤 볼드리지 국가 품질상 수상 기업 사례를 중심으로;

  • Lee, Dong-Gyu;Jeon, Jeong-Ho;Jo, In-Suk
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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    • 2007.04a
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    • pp.215-222
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    • 2007
  • 본 연구의 목적은 경영학 분야에서 끊임없이 화두로 제시되고 있는 고객만족에 대한 핵심 성공요인을 도출하는데 있다. 이를 위해 말콤 볼드리지 국가 품질상 수상 기업에 대한 사례 연구를 수행하여 고객만족을 위한 5개의 요인을 도출하였으며, 도출된 각각이 요인과 관계가 깊은 국내 기업을 선정하여 설문을 통해 도출된 요인과 고객만족과의 상관관계에 대해 검토하였다. 분석방법은 가설 검증에 앞서 측정 변수들에 대한 신뢰성 분석(Regression Analysis)을 수행하였고, 가설 검증을 위해 상관 분석(Correlation Analysis)을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 실증 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, 고객 중심 사고와 고객만족은 높은 양의 상관관계를 가진다. 두 번째, 고객 및 시장 세분화와 고객만족은 높은 양의 상관관계를 갖는다. 세 번째, 종업원의 만족과 고객만족은 높은 양의 상관관계를 갖는다. 네 번째, 고객 접점 강화와 고객만족은 매우 높은 양의 상관관계를 갖는다. 다섯 번째, 고객 불만 해결과 고객만족은 높은 양의 상관관계를 갖는다. 본 연구의 이론적 공헌 및 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫 번째, 말콤 볼드리지 국가 품질상의 심사기준에 근거하여 고객만족에 대한 연구를 국내 최초로 수행하여, 고객만족을 '경영품질'이라는 전체적 구조 속에서 바라볼 수 있는 기틀을 제시하였다. 두 번째, 말콤 볼드리지 국가 품질상 수상 기업에 대한 사례 연구를 통해 도출된 공통점과 관련이 깊은 국내 기업의 사례 연구 및 설문 조사를 진행함으로써, 국내 기업으로 하여금 현재 자사의 고객만족을 위한 전략의 수준을 확인하고, 개선의 기회를 발견하는데 도움을 줄 수 있는 계기를 마련하는 등 고객만족의 향상을 위한 새로운 방향을 제시하였다. 세 번째, 고객만족 전략을 수립하는데 있어 과학적이고, 체계적이며, 기업의 전체적인 구조와 조화를 이룰 수 있는 전략을 수립하는데 어려움을 겪었던 기업들에게 본 연구는 유용한 정보의 제공 및 활용을 지원할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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A Review of the Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Number Sense (수 감각의 인지신경학적 기반에 관한 연구 개관)

  • Cho, Soohyun
    • Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.271-300
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    • 2013
  • Human and animals are born with an intuitive ability to determine approximate numerosity. This ability is termed approximate number sense (hereafter, number sense). Evolutionarily, number sense is thought to be an essential ability for hunting, gathering and survival. According to previous research, children with mathematical learning disability have impaired number sense. On the other hand, individuals with more accurate number sense have higher mathematical achievement. These results support the hypothesis that number sense provides a basis for the development of mathematical cognition. Recently, researchers have been examining whether number sense training can lead to enhancement in mathematical achievement and changes in brain activity in relation to mathematical problem solving. Numerosity which basically represents discontinuous quantity is expected to be closely related to continuous quantity such as representations of space and time. A theory of magnitude (ATOM) states that processing of number, space and time is based on a common magnitude system in the posterior parietal cortex, especially the intraparietal sulcus. The present paper introduces current literature and future directions for the study of the common magnitude system.

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Protein Interaction Network Visualization System Combined with Gene Ontology (유전자 온톨로지와 연계한 단백질 상호작용 네트워크 시각화 시스템)

  • Choi, Yun-Kyu;Kim, Seok;Yi, Gwan-Su;Park, Jin-Ah
    • Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.60-67
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    • 2009
  • Analyzing protein-protein interactions(PPI) is an important task in bioinformatics as it can help in new drugs' discovery process. However, due to vast amount of PPI data and their complexity, efficient visualization of the data is still remained as a challenging problem. We have developed efficient and effective visualization system that integrates Gene Ontology(GO) and PPI network to provide better insights to scientists. To provide efficient data visualization, we have employed dynamic interactive graph drawing methods and context-based browsing strategy. In addition, quick and flexible cross-reference system between GO and PPI; LCA(Least Common Ancestor) finding for GO; and etc are supported as special features. In terms of interface, our visualization system provides two separate graphical windows side-by-side for GO graphs and PPI network, and also provides cross-reference functions between them.

An Explorative Analysis of Hypothesis-Generation by Pre-service Science Teachers (예비 과학교사들의 가설 창안 과정에 대한 탐색적 분석)

  • Kwon, Yong-Ju;Yang, II-Ho;Chung, Won-Woo
    • Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.29-42
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    • 2000
  • Hypothesis is defined as a single proposition proposed as a possible explanation for the occurrence of some observed phenomena. The purpose of this study was to analyze and categorize hypotheses generated by students on the cause of difference between the structures of muscles of the fishes and the terrestrial animals. A hypothesis-generating test was administered to 23 three college students who were majoring in science education. The study showed that college students generated manipulative and theoretical hypotheses as proposed explanations for the structural difference between muscles of the fishes and the terrestrial animals. Furthermore, students generated several hypotheses which were categorized by the quality of abductive process based on the degree of likeness between experienced knowledge and current phenomena. This study also discusses the implications of these findings for teaching and research in science education.

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Satisfaction Experienced in Urban Parks and Green Spaces according to Their Component and Arrangement - A Case Study on Tama Newtown, Japan - (도시공원녹지의 구성과 배치 특성에 따른 이용만족도에 관한 연구 - 일본 타마뉴타운의 사례중심으로 -)

  • Yeom, Sung-Jin;Park, Chung-In
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.39 no.5
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    • pp.12-20
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    • 2011
  • Parks and green spaces have various functions for improving urban physical and social environments. Urban parks and green space planning have been applied in this study for the purpose of enhancing the urban environment. The most popular method for urban parks and green space planning is incrementing the quantity of parks and green spaces. However, it may not be possible to designate new parks and green spaces in a large city because of the difficulty of obtaining land. This study explores how urban parks and green space planning produces better quality urban environments without having to designate new parks and green spaces. The study evaluates existing parks and green spaces according to the satisfaction of the users. This evaluation could be a useful tool for those planning urban parks and green space systems. The study was performed in Tama Newtown, Japan, within two districts with two distinct characteristics of park systems: concentration and equality arrangement forms. For comparison, on-site questionnaires were used, with 319 residents in the area responding to the study. The data was collected and analyzed, using t-test, factor analysis, and multiple regression methods. The study found there was no difference in satisfaction factors be tween the two districts. However, differences were found within each of the districts, depending on parks and green space components. For example, the quality of green space was the most important factor for the district with a planned concentration arrangement form of parks and green spaces, but, separation of the pedestrian and vehicular systems was the most important factor in the district with a planned equality arrangement form of park system. Factors affecting the satisfaction of parks and green spaces that were common between the two sites were: accessibility, quality of park, quality of green space, and separation of pedestrian and vehicular traffics.

A Study on the Effect of Real Estate Acquisitions and Sales on Firm Value (부동산 취득 및 처분이 기업가치에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lim, Byungkwon;Kim, Chun-Kyu
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.18 no.7
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    • pp.49-63
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    • 2018
  • This study examines both the announcement effect of corporate real estate acquisitions and sales and long-term stock performance. Also, we analyze long-term stock returns on the basis of the amount and the purpose (business activities, financial activities, etc.) of real estate acquisitions and sales. The major findings are as follow. First, we find that there is no significant announcement effect on the real estate acquisitions. However, the announcement day of real estate sales shows significantly positive abnormal stock returns. Second, we find that both the real estate acquisitions and sales show negative long-term stock performance. We also find the same results from the case where we classify our sample on the basis of the amount and the purpose of real estate acquisitions and sales. Third, the amount of real estate acquisitions is significantly negatively related to long-term stock returns, whereas the relation between firm value and the amount of real estate sales is positive only under the business activities. Overall, long-term stock performance decreases after the announcement day of the real estate acquisitions and sales. This results can be explained by agency theory. Also, we conclude that a decline in stock performance after the real estate sales explain an information signal on financial distress.

Predicting stock movements based on financial news with systematic group identification (시스템적인 군집 확인과 뉴스를 이용한 주가 예측)

  • Seong, NohYoon;Nam, Kihwan
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2019
  • Because stock price forecasting is an important issue both academically and practically, research in stock price prediction has been actively conducted. The stock price forecasting research is classified into using structured data and using unstructured data. With structured data such as historical stock price and financial statements, past studies usually used technical analysis approach and fundamental analysis. In the big data era, the amount of information has rapidly increased, and the artificial intelligence methodology that can find meaning by quantifying string information, which is an unstructured data that takes up a large amount of information, has developed rapidly. With these developments, many attempts with unstructured data are being made to predict stock prices through online news by applying text mining to stock price forecasts. The stock price prediction methodology adopted in many papers is to forecast stock prices with the news of the target companies to be forecasted. However, according to previous research, not only news of a target company affects its stock price, but news of companies that are related to the company can also affect the stock price. However, finding a highly relevant company is not easy because of the market-wide impact and random signs. Thus, existing studies have found highly relevant companies based primarily on pre-determined international industry classification standards. However, according to recent research, global industry classification standard has different homogeneity within the sectors, and it leads to a limitation that forecasting stock prices by taking them all together without considering only relevant companies can adversely affect predictive performance. To overcome the limitation, we first used random matrix theory with text mining for stock prediction. Wherever the dimension of data is large, the classical limit theorems are no longer suitable, because the statistical efficiency will be reduced. Therefore, a simple correlation analysis in the financial market does not mean the true correlation. To solve the issue, we adopt random matrix theory, which is mainly used in econophysics, to remove market-wide effects and random signals and find a true correlation between companies. With the true correlation, we perform cluster analysis to find relevant companies. Also, based on the clustering analysis, we used multiple kernel learning algorithm, which is an ensemble of support vector machine to incorporate the effects of the target firm and its relevant firms simultaneously. Each kernel was assigned to predict stock prices with features of financial news of the target firm and its relevant firms. The results of this study are as follows. The results of this paper are as follows. (1) Following the existing research flow, we confirmed that it is an effective way to forecast stock prices using news from relevant companies. (2) When looking for a relevant company, looking for it in the wrong way can lower AI prediction performance. (3) The proposed approach with random matrix theory shows better performance than previous studies if cluster analysis is performed based on the true correlation by removing market-wide effects and random signals. The contribution of this study is as follows. First, this study shows that random matrix theory, which is used mainly in economic physics, can be combined with artificial intelligence to produce good methodologies. This suggests that it is important not only to develop AI algorithms but also to adopt physics theory. This extends the existing research that presented the methodology by integrating artificial intelligence with complex system theory through transfer entropy. Second, this study stressed that finding the right companies in the stock market is an important issue. This suggests that it is not only important to study artificial intelligence algorithms, but how to theoretically adjust the input values. Third, we confirmed that firms classified as Global Industrial Classification Standard (GICS) might have low relevance and suggested it is necessary to theoretically define the relevance rather than simply finding it in the GICS.

Relationship among Chemical Properties of Soils with Different Texture Taken from Plastic Film House of Chungbuk Area (충북지역 시설재배지 토성별 토양화학성의 상호관계)

  • Kim, Jai-Joung;Kang, Seong-Soo;Kim, Ki-In;Hong, Soon-Dal
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.144-150
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    • 2006
  • Chemical characteristics and their interrelationships of 156 soils included by 74 sandy loam and 82 loam soils collected from plastic film house in Chungbuk area were investigated from 1998 to 2001. Seventeen chemical properties including pH, organic matter (OM), electrical conductivity (EC), inorganic nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable cations, CEC, etc., were analyzed by correlation, standardized partial regression coefficient, and principal factor analysis. Standardized partial regression coefficients of chemical properties were estimated to determine the degree of contribution of EC and OM contents in soils. Principal factor analysis was applied to classify the studied chemical properties into different groups having similar chemical properties. The pH of experimental soils ranged from 4.24 to 7.14 and 4.95 to 7.35 for loam and sandy loam soils, respectively. The EC of soils varied from 0.93 to $15.65dS\;m^{-1}$ for loam and $0.91{\sim}22.30dS\;m^{-1}$ for sandy loam soils, respectively with significant differences among them. The EC measured by 1:5 $H_2O$ dilution method and saturation method were significantly related with 8.163 and 8.599 as the slopes of regression equation for loam and sandy loam soils, respectively. These slopes more than 8.0 in this regression equation was higher than the slope of 5.0 that is estimated from dilution coefficient suggesting that EC measured by 1:5 dilution method might be erratic. The standardized partial regression coefficient of different chemical properties for the estimation of EC was in the order of $NO_3{^-}$ > $Cl^-$ > OM > exchangeable Mg for loam soils and $NO_3{^-}$ > exchangeable Mg > $Cl^-$ for sandy loam soils. Contribution order of the chemical properties based on standardized partial regression coefficient differed 1:5 dilution method and saturation method, indicating that different chemical compounds might be present in the extract solutions of these two methods. Consequently the measurement of EC by saturation method was thought be still better for estimation of chemical property because accuracy of EC measurement by 1:5 dilution method can't be improved by any specific coefficient for adjustment of EC. Regardless of differences in soil textures and extraction methods, correlation coefficients between EC and the other chemical properties were routinely in the order of $NO_3{^-}$ > $Cl^-$ > degree of base saturation > exchangeable Mg > exchangeable Ca > $SO{_4}^{2-}$. The principal factor analysis revealed four factor groups of the chemical properties studied. The groups for sandy loam were as follows; ; 1. salt components, 2. soil reaction components, 3. fixed and adsorption components, 4. CEC components. The groupings of loam soils were similar to sandy loam except that exchangeable Na substituted the CEC of sandy loam.