• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.63-69
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• 2018

This study is to examine the determinants of the elderly poverty by using the Decision-tree analysis. In line with this perspective, this study includes individual characteristics, family characteristics, working characteristics, and periodic income characteristics after retirement as determinants for senior poverty. The study uses data from the Korean Retirement and Income Study based on panel survey and employs the Decision-tree analysis to explain the causes of the elderly poverty. As the result of analysis, earned wage has the greatest effect on the elderly poverty. Depending on status of the earned wage, there are 2 different variable groups. One with no earned wage includes public pension, education, and residence, paid employee and gender in the other with earned wage. Based on the analytical results, the study suggests measures to address the elderly poverty.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.237-247
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness and efficiency of social security benefits to poverty alleviation. To this end, this study analyzed the poverty alleviation effect of public pension, basic pension, child-rearing allowance, disability allowance, basic living security subsidy, EITC, and other government subsidies using 2019 Household Financial Welfare Survey. The analysis results are as follows. First, social security benefits lowered the poverty rate by 6.8%p. Second, in terms of the poverty gap reduction effect, the public pension for the elderly male households, the basic pension for the elderly female householder, and the basic guarantee for the working female householder contributed the most. Finally, in terms of poverty alleviation efficiency, about 33% of social security benefits contribute to narrowing the poverty gap. Social security benefits for female heads of households were found to serve as a function of alleviating poverty gap and for male heads of households to supplement household income. Based on these results, this study suggested the discovery of various poverty states, expansion of basic security for the female elderly, and the connection between the purpose of social security benefits and key targets.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.343-368
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• 2011

This Study aims to criticize national pension fund governance reform plan of Korea government and to search for an alternative direction of the reform. Firstly, I examine the theoretical basis of the Korean government reform plan by clarifying limits of application of agency theory to the public pension fund governance. Secondly, I try to reconstruct principles of the public pension fund governance with an alternative theoretical view emphasizing democracy principle. Thirdly, I evaluate the government reform plan with the basis of reconstructed pension fund governance principles. The government reform plan is expected to cause retrenchment of democracy and even political autonomy. It also would make worse the problem of pension fund autonomy from the financial market and the risk of the pension fund caused by market turbulence. Finally I suggest alternative direction of the pension fund governance reform emphasizing the democracy principle. This direction contains constructing co-determination structure of the state and the civil society, escalating controling power of the governing body to the administration body, setting the limits of the roles of the state, attaining of the autonomy from the financial market, strengthening organizational and social accountability.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.139-147
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• 2018

This study starts with the consciousness of what should be the public pension service that meets the 4th Industrial Revolution era. To do this, we review the current status of non-facing services of domestic and foreign public institutions, and draw out implications for revitalizing non-facing services of the National Pension over the medium to long term. First, we reviewed the status of non-face-to-face service and the authentication method of the National Pension Service. Next, we reviewed the status of non-facing services in public pension and private agencies in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia. Based on the results of the analysis, we needs to analyze the impact of the 4th Industrial Revolution on the National Pension Service and extract future strategies, to expand channels of non-facing by business, to introduce PinTech as a non-facing authentication method, and to propose a unified service channel through the construction of an internet integrated portal. In the 4th industrial revolution era, it is possible to secure the connectivity of government portal for civil affairs and intelligence and automation introducing artificial intelligence robots.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.205-222
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to examine urban household's monthly expenses for public pension and to analyze the contributing factors. Data for this study were from the 2002 Urban Household Survey and consisted of a sample of 21,093 urban households. Statistics used for the analysis were frequencies, means, ANOVA and multiple regression analysis. The major findings were as follows ; First, the average urban household monthly payment for the public pension was 104,036 won, consisting of 102,757 won for single earner households and 106,014 won for dual earner households. Second, the highest expenses for monthly public pension was urban households, followed by male household head(HH), HH's age from 41-50 years, HH's educational level was college, HH's job was public servant, family didn't live in Seoul, family w3s an extended family and family owned the house. Third, the significant factors affecting the urban household's monthly public pension were HH's gender, age, educational level, type of job, region, type of family, number of children, type of earner, monthly total income, increase of asset in a month and house ownership.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.67-91
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• 2018

This study scrutinizes the necessity and cases of the public and pension cooperation and tries to present the way of construction of information infrastructure for the pension systems suitable for Korea. The developed countries have recently been focusing on strengthening the multi-pillar pension system, while pension education and information services have emerged as an important element of the pension cooperation. The frame of the multi-pillar-pension system in Korea has already been constructed, but it is not substantial. Especially bad information on the pension system has seriously hindered the consolidation of the pension system. In order to solve this problem, we analyzed cases of public-private cooperation systems in Iceland, New Zealand, Netherlands, and Sweden. In order to build a basic infrastructure for construction pension cooperation in Korea, it is necessary to promote information exchange and cooperation among pension organizations and to improve the pension portal of NPS 'My Pension'. In addition, this study suggests establishing an association of private and public pension schemes, which manages the integrated information and education of pension systems.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.1
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• pp.215-237
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• 2015

This paper aims to check the multi-pillar pension system in Korea. That is why, We analyzed the insured status of people in terms of multi-pillar pension system including National Pension Service, Private Pension, Retirement Pension over time. The main findings are as follows; firstly, the 'multi-pillar type'(27.7%), the 'public pension type'(12.8%) and the 'insecure type'(59.6%) have been formed. Secondly, any socio-demographic factors like labor market status, gender, age et cetera could not guarantee the pension right for multi-pillar system. As a result, we emphasize that including the 'insecure type' into public pension schemes is a prerequisite for establishing the multi-pillar pension system.

• Review of Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.50-54
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• 2014

• 한국노년학
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.1559-1575
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• 2009

As the basic old-age pension system was enforced in 2008, the base for old-age income security was founded. However, due to the basic old-age pension played a minor role as assistant allowance, it did not reach to sufficient level to cover full income security system. It is estimated that the dependency on private transfer income among the elderly who are difficult to be economically independent is still high. Therefore the poverty rate of the elderly households, who are not economically active or who are not protected by old-age income security system, is more likely to be higher than that of non-elderly households. Based on the assumption that public transfer income system should become a central means of old-age life guarantee, this study examined the poverty mitigation effects among the elderly households by comparing the private transfer income and the public transfer income. For this purpose, we selected single-elderly-households who have been considered the most vulnerable to poverty. We used 2006- 2008 Household Income and Expenditure Survey dataset that contained single-elderly who were older than 65 years old. To understand the conditions of poverty among single-elderly-households and the degree of poverty-reducing effect originated from income transfer system, we compared the poverty rates of total households and the whole elderly households. Next, we analysed the poverty of the single-elderly-households by social demographic factors such as gender, age, and economic activity. Our major findings are as follows: First, the poverty rate of the whole elderly households were not reduced, even though the basic old-age pension and long-term care management system were enforced in 2008. Second, half of the elderly households including single-elderly-households belonged to the absolute poverty line. Relatively higher level of poverty among the single-elderly-households was found especially those who were female, unemployed, low-educated, older, and rural single-elderly-households. Third, the effect of the public transfer income on mitigating the single-elderly-households poverty showed a little progress. However, even greater poverty reducing effect was found by the private transfer income system. Fourth, in a group of the public transfer systems, the public assistance such as supporting living costs contributed more to reduce poverty of the elderly population than the public pension system did.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.763-779
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• 2015

This study estimate the adequate replacement rate of retirement income by income brackets and suggests roles of pension and non-pension income sources to achieve it for each income bracket. Priori research focused on elderly poverty; however, there has been little discussion about an adequate income level for retirement. We calculate an adequate income replacement rate separately for the poor, middle, and high income group as well as the average level of replacement rate for all groups. We also investigate the gap between the adequate income replacement rates and realized rates, and propose roles for each income source to curtail the gap. It is essential to recognize that the adequate income for retirement is unable to be met only by an annuity. To emove the gap, it is vital to utilize non-pension income although annuity is a primary source for retirement. Especially, the public and private pension plays a role to overcome poverty and live affluent in retirement, respectively.