• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.245-256
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• 2011

This study consists of two sections to figure out the relationship between autistic features and empathizing-systemizing traits. For the first section, the research involved 355 university students to measure their EQ, SQ-R and AQ. As a result, it is found that AQ was negatively correlated to EQ, and D score(relative difference between EQ and SQ-R of the individuals), but it was not significantly related to SQ-R. It means that the subject has high AQ if he has relatively lower EQ than SQ-R. For the second section, the subjects were divided into two groups based on their AQ score; the subjects who had a tendency of autism and the subjects who did not. The test measured how these two groups were different in terms of facial expressions' recognition according to the tendency of autism, facial expression presenting areas(whole face, eyes-alone, mouth-alone) and different types of emotions(basic and complex emotions). As a result, the subjects who had a tendency of autism were lower at judging facial expressions than the subjects who did not. Also, the results showed that the subjects judged better on the condition of basic emotions more than complex emotions, the whole face more than eyes-alone and mouth-alone. Especially, for the eyes-alone condition, the subjects who had a tendency of autism were lower at judging facial expressions than the subjects who did not. This study suggests that empathizing traits and facial expressions' recognition are related to the tendency of autism.

• Korean Educational Research Journal
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.73-97
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• 2021

This study examines how kindergarten teachers' empathy and efficacy in enlisting parental involvement predict perceived parent-teacher relationships and teacher burnout. It also investigates whether teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement moderates the relationship between kindergarten teachers' empathy, perceived parent-teacher relationships, and teacher burnout. A total of 208 public and private kindergarten teachers employed in the Chungbuk area participated in a survey, and the data were analyzed using JAMOVI (version 1.6.23). There were three major findings. First, both kindergarten teachers' empathy and efficacy in enlisting parental involvement positively predicted perceived parent-teacher relationships. Second, there was a significant interaction effect between teacher empathy and teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement on perceived parent-teacher relationships. Specifically, when teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement was high (M+1SD), teacher empathy significantly positively predicted parent-teacher relationships. By contrast, when teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement was average or low (M-1SD), the effect of teacher empathy on the perceived parent-teacher relationships was not significant. Third, both kindergarten teachers' empathy and teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement negatively predicted teacher burnout, but there was no significant interaction effect between teacher empathy and teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement on teacher burnout. This study identified the role of teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement within the context of kindergarten teacher-parent relationships and teacher burnout. It confirmed that the effect of teacher empathy on parent-teacher relationships is moderated by the level of teacher efficacy in enlisting parental involvement.

• The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.219-239
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• 2009

This study investigated gender differences in contribution of antisocial personality and affective empathy to psychopathy. Two hundred fifteen college students (male, 118; female,97) completed three measures including the PPI-R(Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised), the PAI-ANT(Personality Assessment Inventory-Antisocial Features), and the EETS (Emotional Empathy Tendency Scale). According to the results, the mean scores of PPI-R and EETS in male group were higher than in female group. Antisocial features were positively associated with psychopathy in both male and female groups and negatively with affective empathy. Males showed that the scores of affective empathy were negatively associated with those of antisocial features and psychopath. Females showed that the scores of affective empathy were negatively associated with those of antisocial personality and psychopathy but the correlation was significant only with the scores of antisocial behavior (ANT-A). To scrutinize the differences between male and female groups, the scores on the PAI and EETS were compared between 30% upper and 30% lower groups based on the scores of the PPI-R. According to the results, the upper group of the scores on the PPI had higher scores on the PAI and lower scores on the EETS. The differences of the scores on the EETS between high-psychopathy and low-Psychopathy groups were bigger in male group than in female group. Explanations and implications of the results were discussed and the directions of the future studies were suggested.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.49-64
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore ways to help improve adolescents' happiness by exploring the influences of emphatic ability and family strengths on happiness. This subjects were 514 middle school students living in Gwangju. Data were collected from self-report questionnaires and analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program. The major findings were as follows; First, the adolescents' emphatic ability('viewpoint', 'identity', 'emphatic interest'), family strengths('family respect and affection', 'role sharing and problem solving', 'communication and bonds', 'financial stability') and happiness scores were higher than the median(3.00). Emphatic ability('viewpoint', 'identity', 'emphatic interest', 'personal suffering') and family strengths('communication and bonds') showed significant difference according to gender. Second, the adolescents' happiness was influenced by 'family respect and affection', 'role sharing and problem solving', 'financial stability', 'personal suffering', 'identity', and 'emphatic interest'. Adolescents' happiness was explained about 39% by these variables. In other words, the higher family respect and affection, both higher role sharing and problem solving and higher financial stability, with lower personal suffering and higher identity and higher emphatic interest showed the higher happiness. These findings demonstrate the emphatic ability and family strengths in adolescents influence on the level of happiness. As such, in order to improve the happiness of adolescents, it is necessary to energize those programs focus on the forming healthy family relationships and to design finance assistance programs that could attempt to minimise financial gap. Additionally, it is necessary to develop programs aimed to enhance emphatic ability and continue such programs in homes as well as at schools. Finally, it is necessary to implement curriculum that may improve family strengths and emphatic ability, which have influenced on the happiness in adolescents. Since the subject "Technology & Home Economics" helps to enhance family strengths, emphatic ability and eventually amplifies the happiness, it is necessary to expand and reinforce it as well as to make it a mandatory subject.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.412-426
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to verify the structural relationship between covert narcissism, forgiveness, empathy, and marital satisfaction for Korean-American married couples and to discover the differences in covert narcissism, forgiveness, empathy, and marital satisfaction by gender and years married. Also this study aims to prove the mediating effects of forgiveness and empathy, and to examine the structural relationship differences across genders. For this purpose, a total of 248 married Korean Americans who live in South Carolina, Arizona and Texas were subjected for this research. The results of the study were as follows. First, covert narcissism showed a negative correlation with forgiveness, empathy and marital satisfaction. And there was a positive correlation between forgiveness, empathy and marital satisfaction. Second, the differences in forgiveness and marital satisfaction by gender and years married were significant. Third, as a result of the mediating effects test, empathy and forgiveness showed indirect influence between covert narcissism and marital satisfaction. Fourth, for married males the effects of covert narcissism on empathy, empathy on forgiveness, empathy on marital satisfaction were significant. For married females, the effects of covert narcissism on forgiveness, forgiveness on marital satisfaction were significant. Based on these results, the implications and limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.343-352
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between level of participation in children's play, empathy ability and coping behavior in mothers of children with disabilities. The study included 94 mothers of children with disabilities and the study was conducted from May 2018 to August 2018 based on the questionnaire about the level of participation in children's play, empathy ability and coping behavior. According to the study, Mothers of children with disabilities actively participate in physical play with their children and have a higher emotional empathy compared to cognitive empathy, and have acted to actively solve the problems for their children. When children have been treated for more than 1 to 2 years, the level of participation in children's play and the coping behavior were the highest. The longer their children's treatment period, the higher the mothers' empathy. The correlation between level of participation in children's play and coping behavior were significant. And empathy and coping behavior had a strong positive linear relationship. These results suggest that there are differences in level of participation in children's play, empathy and coping behavior depending on mothers' of children with disabilities general characteristics and the higher level of mothers' of children with disabilities participation in children's play, the more empathetic they have. When individualized intervention is provided, we look forward to providing professional service that take into account the characteristics of mothers of children with disabilities.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.377-394
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• 2015

The purpose of this research was to identify the relationship between specific personality characteristics and maladaptive social behaviors in order to contribute to development of a pragmatic intervention for the prevention of sexual aggression. This was accomplished by examining the mediating effects of entitlement rage (K-PNI) or sociosexuality (K-MSAS) on sexual aggression, and moderating effects of cognitive emotion regulation strategies (K-CERQ) or state empathy (K-CMEM) on sexual aggression in narcissistic men. Data were obtained from male college students (n = 264) who completed self-report questionnaires, such as K-NPI and K-CMEM, and hierarchical regression analysis was applied to examine these relationships. Both entitlement rage and cognitive emotion regulation strategies were found to be unassociated with sexual aggression. Rather, sociosexuality was the mediating factor between narcissism and sexual aggression, Whereas state empathy was a moderating factor between narcissism and sexual aggression. These findings indicate a tendency for sociosexuality to increase sexual aggression in males. However, individuals with low state empathy are more likely to show sexual aggression than those with high state empathy, indicating that intervention for increased state empathy may be a more effective treatment than cognitive emotion regulation strategies.

• Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.13-15
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• 2015

• KLA journal
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• v.52 no.10
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• pp.43-46
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• 2011

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.88-100
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• 2020

This study explored the impact of perceiving communication and empathy skills of workers in the food service industry on communication satisfaction. This study surveyed 715 customers and workers. First, the result showed that the higher the people thought communication skills of worker were, the higher they felt satisfaction on communication in restaurants for both customers and workers. Workers perceived their communication kills better than customers did. Second, the higher the people thought empathy skills of worker were, the higher they were satisfied on communication in restaurants for both customers and workers. Workers perceived their empathy kills better than customers did. Lastly, multiple regression analysis results showed that communication and empathy skills independently had the impact on communication satisfaction for customers. But only communication skills had the impact on satisfaction amongst workers. Maybe the impact of empathy skill was included with that of communication skills. This indicated that there existed the perceptual difference between customers and laborers about communication satisfaction.