• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2023

In this study, we propose a new light-weight model RoutingConvNet with fewer parameters to improve the applicability and practicality of speech emotion recognition. To reduce the number of learnable parameters, the proposed model connects bidirectional MFCCs on a channel-by-channel basis to learn long-term emotion dependence and extract contextual features. A light-weight deep CNN is constructed for low-level feature extraction, and self-attention is used to obtain information about channel and spatial signals in speech signals. In addition, we apply dynamic routing to improve the accuracy and construct a model that is robust to feature variations. The proposed model shows parameter reduction and accuracy improvement in the overall experiments of speech emotion datasets (EMO-DB, RAVDESS, and IEMOCAP), achieving 87.86%, 83.44%, and 66.06% accuracy respectively with about 156,000 parameters. In this study, we proposed a metric to calculate the trade-off between the number of parameters and accuracy for performance evaluation against light-weight.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.95-106
• /
• 2009

Numerical analysis of the progressive failure of a rock slope was conducted using a 3-D rock joint element considering fracture mechanics and subcritical crack growth of asperities in the rock joints. Even though the stress state in the rock slope is not changing, the elapse of time causes subcritical crack growth to break asperities in the joints. The increase of broken asperities causes failure of joints in the rock slope and the increase of failed joints results in failure of a jointed rock slope. As a result, the progressive failure of a jointed rock slope due to the gradual breaking of small asperities along joints generated by subcritical crack growth occurs at a lower stress than if rock failure occurred by exceeding the static strength or fracture toughness.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.328-338
• /
• 2001

Horizontal tunnel face reinforcement using Fiber Glass Tube(FGT) or steel pipe and pipe roofing techniques are frequently used when the stability of newly excavated tunnel is not guaranteed. However, the mechanical behavior of tunnels using these techniques has not been fully understood so far. Therefore, engineering rule of thumb is commonly applied during designing procedure, and it is difficult to adopt these techniques rationally. In this study, the application of a simplified numerical analysis method based on composite mechanics is verified. The mean field theory and the strain energy theory are used to obtain the equivalence elastic moduli of reinforced soil and rock. Furthermore, a parametric study on the deformational behavior of tunnel face is performed for various patterns of prereinforcement.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.69-77
• /
• 2004

Investigation of the time-dependent behavior of rock and the associated mechanisms are of key interest in long-term stability analysis of many engineering applications. In this study, creep tests were performed on Daejeon granite samples of 25.4mm diameter under uniaxial compression at varying stress levels. The effect of moisture was investigated by testing both air-dried and fully water-saturated samples. The creep behavior of Daejeon granite exhibited three distinctive stages of primary, secondary and tertiary creep. The ultimate strength of granite under a constant stress decreased considerably with time. Saturation and immersion of the test specimen in water markedly increased the total creep strain as well as the secondary creep rate. The experimental creep curves are fitted to Burger's model as well as two other empirical models suggested by previous researchers. A number of the parameters determined for each model are dependent on stress and influenced by the presence of water. Based on the experimental results, an empirical relation between the applied stress and the time-dependent strain is established separately for each air-dried and fully water-saturated Daejeon granite.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.477-484
• /
• 2020

Reservoir operation affects the sustainability of a water supply. However, the increase in the temporal and spatial variability of rainfall, attributed to climate change, has led to severe droughts and increased difficulty in maintaining a sustainable discharge at certain locations in a reservoir system operation. In this study, water yield was evaluated using reservoir simulation with varied water supply. Three reservoir system models were simulated for nine reservoirs in the Han River basin. The time-based reliability, volumetric reliability, and resiliency were used to evaluate the results. Each case was simulated by applying firm supply, deficit supply, and deficit supply with historical power release of the Hwacheon Reservoir. As a result of the simulation, all indexes were increased when the deficit supply was applied. In particular, the time-based reliability increased by more than 30%, and the supply reliability increased by about 4%. The result showed that the water supply of the entire water system could be increased when all reservoirs in the water system were operated to supply water and maintain sustainable discharge at the same downstream point. The deficit supply was an efficient reservoir operation method for responding to climate change, especially increased rainfall variability.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2017

We investigate the God gate olleh of the largest tomb, pyramid, in the world which is scattered in Jeju Island and construct link which is connecting Jeju people's custom to modern science. The three sacred gates and the two tombs are connected to the olegil space. In this space, the principle of complementarity in which coexistence exist between life and death is hidden in Jeju culture. It is a question and wait. Contrarily, the opposite is complementary. (Contraria Sunt Complementa Latin) This refers to the relationship of each other in relation to one another and in a mutually dependent relationship. Seminal vesicles are used as basic logic in DNA codon of human body as well as communication principle.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.127-133
• /
• 2019

Since frequent item extraction so far requires searching for patterns and traversal for the FP-Tree, it is more likely to store the mining data in a tree and thus CPU time is required for its searching. In order to overcome these drawbacks, in this paper, we provide each item with its location identification of transaction data without relying on conditional FP-Tree and convert transaction data into 2-dimensional position information look-up table, resulting in the facilitation of time and spatial accessibility. We propose an algorithm that considers the mapping scheme between the location of items and items that guarantees the linear time complexity. Experimental results show that the proposed method can reduce many execution time and memory usage based on the data set obtained from the FIMI repository website.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.21-30
• /
• 2006

In case of an urban tunnel, the displacement of ground base controls the tunnel design because it is built on shallow and unconsolidated ground many times. There are more insufficiency to describe the ground movement which coincides in the measured result of the situ because the design of an urban tunnel is dependent on the method of numerical analysis used to the existing elastic and elasto-plastic models. We studied about the predict ion for the ground movement of a shallow tunnel in unconsolidated ground, mechanism of collapse, and settlement. Also this paper shows comparison with the existing elastic and elasto-plastic model using the unlinear analysis of the strain-softening model. We can model the real ground movement as the increasement of ground surface inclination or occurrence of shear band by using strain-softening model for the result of ground movement of an urban NATM tunnel.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2020.11a
• /
• pp.377-379
• /
• 2020

The hologram data is having a dependence on the pixel pitch of the SLM (spatial light modulator) and the wavelength of light, and the quality of the digital hologram is proportional to the unit pixel pitch and the total resolution. In addition, since each pixel has a complex value, the amount of data in the digital hologram also increases exponentially, and the size is bound to be very large. Therefore, in order to efficiently handle digital hologram files, it is essential to reduce the file size through a codec and store it. Recently, research on enhancing image quality damaged by the codec is actively underway. In this paper, the hologram image of JPEG Pleno, which is the standard hologram data, was used, and the image quality damage that occurs whenthe holographic image is encoded and decoded through the JPEG2000, AVC, and HEVC codec is enhanced with a deep learning network to find out whether the image quality can be improved. we also compare and quantitatively find out the degree of improvement in image quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
• /
• 2003.05a
• /
• pp.19-22
• /
• 2003

경사의 사선방향으로 절단하여 봉제된 바이어 컷 직물로 제조된 의류는 일반 의류와 달리 우아한 외관을 타나낸다. 이 직물의 단점은 형태안정성이 나빠서 완전제품의 형태가 패턴의 형의 형태와 다른 모양을 나타내는 경우가 많으며, 특히 밑단 부분이 불균일하게 쳐지므로, 가지런히 절단하는 트리밍공정을 부가적으로 거치게 된다. 현재의 봉제 공정에서는 트리밍 단계를 모두 숙련공들의 수작업에 의존한 평면 커팅 방법으로 수행하기 때문에 작업자의 피로도에 따라 불량품이 양산되고 그에 따른 소비자들의 불만 요인도 높아지므로, 본 연구에서는 치수 조절 마네킹을 제조하여 실제 의복 착용 상태를 그대로 재현 한 후, 회전시키면서 스스로 회전하는 자동 커터에 의해서 공간상에서 트리밍 하는 3-D 입체 시스템을 개발하였다. 이 시스템에 의하여 제조된 의류는 트리밍 라인이 균일하고 매끄러우며, 안감이 밖으로 밀려나오는 경우가 없어 외관상 품위가 있는 외관을 나타내었다. 또한 수작업에 비하여 제조 속도가 훨씬 빠르므로 봉제 후공정에서의 의류 제조 시간을 획기적으로 단축하는 신속 생산 시스템의 요소로서 충분히 사용될 수 있는 가능성을 나타낸다.