• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.30-34
• /
• 1984

본 논문에서는 인코히어런트광 매트릭스-벡터곱셈기를 이용하여 입력 데이터를 광학적으로 DFT 할 수 있는 방법을 연구하였다. DFT의 웨이팅함수를 매트릭스로 나타내어 본 논문에서 제시한 2 개의 성분 분할 방법을 이용하여 마스크상에 부호화하고 광매트릭스-벡터곱셈기내에 고정시켜서 입력 데이터와 광학적으로 곱하도록 하였다.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.627-641
• /
• 2012

We found a few students had an error in the function and equation units, because most of mathematicians omitted the multiplication signs. In the mathematical history, the multiplication and parentheses signs had various changes. Based on the Histogenetic Principle, high level students know that the letter in the functions and equations represents a number and the related principles, so they have no big problems. But since the low level students stay in the early days in the mathematical history, they have some problems in the modern function and equation. Therefore, while we study the function and equation units with the low level students, we present that we have to be cautious when we omit the multiplication and parentheses signs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2004

Finite field multiplication and division are important arithmetic operation in error-correcting codes and cryptosystems. The elements of the finite field GF($2^m$) are represented by bases with a primitive polynomial of degree m over GF(2). We can be easily realized for multiplication or computing multiplicative inverse in GF($2^m$) based on a normal basis representation. The number of product terms of logic function determines a complexity of the Messay-Omura multiplier. A normal basis exists for every finite field. It is not easy to find the optimal normal element for a given primitive polynomial. In this paper, the generating method of normal basis is investigated. The normal bases whose product terms are less than other bases for multiplication in GF($2^m$) are found. For each primitive polynomial, a list of normal elements and number of product terms are presented.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.169-177
• /
• 2003

We establish the security requirements and derive a generic condition of elliptic curve scalar multiplication to resist against DPA and Goubin’s attack. Also we show that if a scalar multiplication algorithm satisfies our generic condition, then both attacks are infeasible. Showing that the randomized signed scalar multiplication using Ha-Moon's receding algorithm satisfies the generic condition, we recommend the randomized signed scalar multiplication using Ha-Moon's receding algorithm to be protective against both attacks. Also we newly design a random recoding method to Prevent two attacks. Finally, in efficiency comparison, it is shown that the recommended method is a bit faster than Izu-Takagi’s method which uses Montgomery-ladder without computing y-coordinate combined with randomized projective coordinates and base point blinding or isogeny method. Moreover. Izu-Takagi’s method uses additional storage, but it is not the case of ours.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 1997.11a
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 1997

본 논문은 저비용이면서 정확한 제어를 수행하는 새로운 퍼지 제어기의 VHDL 설계 및 시뮬레이션을 다룬다. 제안한 퍼지 제어기 (Fuzzy Logic Controller : FLC)의 정확한 비퍼지화 연산시 소속값뿐 아니라 소속 함수의 폭을 고려함으로서 ？어진다. 제안한 퍼지 제어기 저비용성은 기존의 FLC를 다음과 같이 개조함으로서 이루어진다. 먼저, MAX-MIN 추론이 레지스터 파일의 형태로 쉽게 구현 가능한 read-modify-write 연산에 의해 대치된다. 두 번째, COG 비퍼지화기에서 요구하는 제산 연산을 모멘트 균형점의 탐색에 의해 피할 수 있다. 제안한 COG 퍼지화기는 곱셈기가 부가적으로 요구되며 모멘트 균형점의 탐색 시간이 오래 걸리는 단점이 있다. 부가적 곱셈기 요구에 의한 하드웨어 복잡도 증가 문제는 곱셈기를 확률론적 AND 연산에 의해 해결할 수 있고, 오랜 탐색 시간 문제는 coarse-to fine 탐색 알고리즘에 의해 크게 경감될 수 있다. 제안한 퍼지 제어기의 각 모듈은 VHDL에 의해 구조적 수준 및 행위적 수준에서 기술되고, 이들이 제대로 동작하는지 여부를 SYNOPSYS사의 VHDL 시뮬레이션 상에서 트럭 후진 주차 문제에 적용하여 검증하였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.195-198
• /
• 2012

The N basis functions are typically chosen so that Surface reflectance functions(SRFs) and spectral power distributions (SPDs) can be accurately reconstructed from their N-dimensional vector codes. Typical rendering applications assume that the resulting mapping is an isomorphism where vector operations of addition, scalar multiplication, component-wise multiplication on the N-vectors can be used to model physical operations such as superposition of lights, light-surface interactions and inter-reflection. The vector operations do not mirror the physical. However, if the choice of basis functions is restricted to characteristic functions then the resulting map between SPDs/SRFs and N-vectors is anisomorphism that preserves the physical operations needed in rendering. This paper will show how to select optimal characteristic function bases of any dimension N (number of basis functions) and also evaluate how accurately a large set of Munsell color chips can approximated as basis functions of dimension N.

• 한국IT서비스학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.80-85
• /
• 2006

현재 많은 인터넷 콘텐츠 서비스가 다양한 방식의 유료 서비스로 제공되고 있지만 다양하고 복잡한 콘텐츠 서비스의 특성상 가격 책정에는 많은 어려움이 있다. 본 연구는 인터넷 영화관을 대상으로 하여 사용자들이 서비스를 선택할 때 가장 고려하는 속성을 분석하고 속성과 속성 수준을 설정한 프로파일들의 가격반응함수를 구하였다. 또한, 선형${\cdot}$곱셈${\cdot}$유인${\cdot}$구텐베르그 모델 중 가장 적합한 모델을 추정하고 독점 영역과의 관계를 살펴봄으로써 각 기업들이 서비스의 가격을 책정함에 있어서 가장 수익성 높고 적합한 전략을 설정할 수 있도록 방향을 제시하였다.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.57-79
• /
• 2022

Current mathematics It is necessary to ensure that ratio and proportion concept is not distorted or broken while being treated as if they were easy to teach and learn in school. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the activities presented in the textbook. Based on prior work, this study reinterpreted the proportional reasoning task from the proportional perspective of Beckmann and Izsak(2015) to the multiplicative structure of Vergnaud(1996) in four ways. This compared how they interpreted the multiplicative structure and relationships between two measurement spaces of ratio and rate units and proportional expression and proportional distribution units presented in the revised textbooks of 2007, 2009, and 2015 curriculum. First, the study found that the proportional reasoning task presented in the ratio and rate section varied by increasing both the ratio structure type and the proportional reasoning activity during the 2009 curriculum, but simplified the content by decreasing both the percentage structure type and the proportional reasoning activity. In addition, during the 2015 curriculum, the content was simplified by decreasing both the type of multiplicative structure of ratio and rate and the type of proportional reasoning, but both the type of multiplicative structure of percentage and the content varied. Second, the study found that, the proportional reasoning task presented in the proportional expression and proportional distribute sections was similar to the previous one, as both the type of multiplicative structure and the type of proportional reasoning strategy increased during the 2009 curriculum. In addition, during the 2015 curriculum, both the type of multiplicative structure and the activity of proportional reasoning increased, but the proportional distribution were similar to the previous one as there was no significant change in the type of multiplicative structure and proportional reasoning. Therefore, teachers need to make efforts to analyze the multiplicative structure and proportional reasoning strategies of the activities presented in the textbook and reconstruct them according to the concepts to teach them so that students can experience proportional reasoning in various situations.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.245-251
• /
• 1994

The charateristics of switching between two modes in a ring dye laser has been analyzed by the Monte-Carlo computer simulation. The effect of including pump fluctuations in the first-passage-time (FPT) distributions was compared with the distribution with the quantum fluctuation. The results show the same tendency in both cases, such as steep increases from 0 to peak an exponential decrease in long time range. However the introduction of pumping fluctuation is turned out to shorten the mean FPT. The variation of the mean FPT is examined for the various fluctuationrelated parameters. The mean FPT is lengthened when pump parameter a is increased while it is shorted when Q. $\GAMMA$ are decreased. eased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2010.05a
• /
• pp.809-811
• /
• 2010

In most floating-point operations related with 3D graphic applications for mobile devices, properly approximated data calculations with reduced complexity and low power are preferable to exactly rounded floating-point operations with unnecessary preciseness with cost. Among all the sophisticated floating-point arithmetic operations, multiplication and division are the most complicated and time-consuming, and they can be transformed into addition and subtraction repectively by adopting the logarithmic conversion. In this process, the most important factor for performance is how high we can make an approximation of the logarithm conversion. In this paper, we cover the trends in studying the logarithm conversion circuit designs. We also discuss the important factor in design issues and the applicable fields in detail.