• Title/Summary/Keyword: 곱셈 알고리즘

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A Research on Low-power FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) Design for Multiband OFDM UWB(Ultra Wide Band) Communication System (Multiband OFDM UWB(Ultra Wide Band) 통신시스템을 위한 저전력 FFT(Fast Fourier-Transform) 설계에 관한 연구)

  • Ha, Jong-Ik;Kim, In-Soo;Min, Hyoung-Bok
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2009.07a
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    • pp.2119.1_2120.1
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    • 2009
  • UWB(Ultra Wide Band)는 차세대 무선통신 기술로 무선 디지털펄스라고도 한다. GHz대의 주파수를 사용하면서도 초당 수천~수백만 회의 저출력 펄스로 이루어진 것이 큰 특징이다[1]. 기존 무선통신 기술의 양대 축인 IEEE 802.11과 블루투스 등에 비해 속도와 전력소모 등에서 월등히 앞서고 있으며, SoC(System on a Chip)의 저전력 구현에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. OFDM은 크게 FFT(Fast Fourier Transform) 블록, Interpolation /decimation 필터 블록, 비터비 블록, 변복조 블록, 등화기 블록 등으로 구성된다. 고속 시스템에서는 대역효율성이 우수한 OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) 방식을 사용하고 있으며, OFDM 전송방식은 직렬로 입력되는 데이터 열을 병렬 데이터 열로 변환한 후에 부반송파에 실어 전송하는 방식이다. 이와 같은 병렬화와 부반송파를 곱하는 동작은 IFFT와 FFT로 구현이 가능한데, FFT 블록의 구현 비용과 전력소모를 줄이는 것이 핵심사항이라고 할 수 있다. 기존논문에서는 OFDM용 FFT 구조로 단일버터플라이연산자 구조, 파이프라인 구조, 병렬구조 등의 여러 구조가 제안되었다[2]. 본 논문에서는 Radix-8 FFT 알고리즘 기반의 New partial Arithmetic 저전력 FFT 구조를 제안하였다. 제안한 New partial Arithmetic 저전력 FFT구조는 곱셈기 대신 병렬 가산기를 이용 하여 지금까지 사용되는 FFT 구조보다 전력소모를 줄일 수 있음을 보였다.

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Signal Detection for Pattern Dependent Noise Channel (신호패턴 종속잡음 채널을 위한 신호검출)

  • Jeon, Tae-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.14 no.5
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    • pp.583-586
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    • 2004
  • Transition jitter noise is one of major sources of detection errors in high density recording channels. Implementation complexity of the optimal detector for such channels is high due to the data dependency and correlated nature of the jitter noise. In this paper, two types of hardware efficient sub-optimal detectors are derived by modifying branch metric of Viterbi algorithm and applied to partial response (PR) channels combined with run length limited modulation coding. The additional complexity over the conventional Viterbi algorithm to incorporate the modified branch metric is either a multiplication or an addition for each branch metric in the Viterbi trellis.

2D DWT Processor for Real-time Embedded Applications (실시간 내장형 응용을 위한 2차원 웨이브렛 변환 프로세서)

  • 정갑천;박성모
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.17-25
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, a processor architecture is proposed based on the state space implementation technique for real time processing of 2-D discrete wavelet transform(DWT). It conducts 2-D DWT operations in consideration of row and column direction simultaneously, thus can reduce latency due to memory access for storing intermediate results. It is a VLSI architecture suitable for real time processing. The proposed architecture includes only four multipliers and four adders, and NK-N internal memory storage, where K denotes the length of filter. It has a small hardware complexity. Therefore it is very suitable architecture for real time, embedded applications such as web camera server. Since the processor is easily extended to array structure, it can be applied to various image processing applications.

The Space Vector Detection based Three-Phase Hybrid Series Active Power Filter for Compensating Dynamic Voltage Sag and Harmonic Current (순시전압 sag 및 고조파 전류 보상을 위한 공간벡터 검출법 기반의 3상 하이브리드 직렬형 능동전력필터)

  • 양승환;정영국;임영철
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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    • v.9 no.4
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    • pp.303-310
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, for compensating dynamic voltage sag and harmonic current, 3-phase hybrid series active power filter based on the space vector detection is proposed. The Space vector algorithm for detecting the voltage sag and the harmonic current in compared with conventional theory is a simple method for calculating the compensating reference without any coordinated transformation. The effectiveness of the proposed system is verified by the PSIM simulation in the steady state and the transient state, which the proposed system is able to simultaneously compensate harmonics and source voltage unbalance / sag.

Implementation of low power BSPE Core for deep learning hardware accelerators (딥러닝을 하드웨어 가속기를 위한 저전력 BSPE Core 구현)

  • Jo, Cheol-Won;Lee, Kwang-Yeob;Nam, Ki-Hun
    • Journal of IKEEE
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.895-900
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    • 2020
  • In this paper, BSPE replaced the existing multiplication algorithm that consumes a lot of power. Hardware resources are reduced by using a bit-serial multiplier, and variable integer data is used to reduce memory usage. In addition, MOA resource usage and power usage were reduced by applying LOA (Lower-part OR Approximation) to MOA (Multi Operand Adder) used to add partial sums. Therefore, compared to the existing MBS (Multiplication by Barrel Shifter), hardware resource reduction of 44% and power consumption of 42% were reduced. Also, we propose a hardware architecture design for BSPE Core.

Efficient Operator Design Using Variable Groups (변수그룹을 이용한 효율적인 연산기 설계)

  • Kim, Yong-Eun;Chung, Jin-Gyun
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we propose a partial product addition method using variable groups in the design of operators such as multipliers and digital filters. By this method, full adders can be replaced with simple logic circuits. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, we applied the method to the design of squarers and precomputer blocks of FIR filters. In case of 7 bit and 8 bit squarers, it is shown that by the proposed method, area, power and delay time can be reduced up to {22.1%, 20.1%, 14%} and {24.7%, 24.4%, 6.7%}, respectively, compared with the conventional method. The proposed FIR precomputer circuit leads to up to {63.6%, 34.4%, 9.8%} reduction in area, power consumption and propagation delay compared with previous method.

Rendering of Sweep Surfaces using Programmable Graphics Hardware (그래픽스 하드웨어를 이용한 스윕 곡면의 렌더링)

  • Ko, Dae-Hyun;Yoon, Seung-Hyun;Lee, Ji-Eun
    • Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.11-16
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    • 2010
  • We present an efficient algorithm for rendering sweep surfaces using programmable graphics hardware. A sweep surface can be represented by a cross-section curve undergoing a spline motion. This representation has a simple matrix-vector multiplication structure that can easily be adapted to programmable graphics hardware. The data for the motion and cross-section curves are stored in texture memory. The vertex processor considers a pair of surface parameters as a vertex and evaluates its coordinates and normal vector with a single matrix multiplication. Using the GPU in this way is between 10 and 40 times as fast as CPU-based rendering.

Design of DSP Instructions and their Hardware Architecture for Reed-Solomon Codecs (Reed-Solomon 부호화/복호화를 위한 DSP 명령어 및 하드웨어 설계)

  • 이재성;선우명훈
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.28 no.6A
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    • pp.405-413
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    • 2003
  • This paper presents new DSP (Digital Signal Processor) instructions and their hardware architecture to efficiently implement RS (Reed-Solomon) codecs, which is one of the most widely used FEC (Forward Error Control) algorithms. The proposed DSP architecture can implement various primitive polynomials by program, and thus, hardwired codecs can be replaced. The new instructions and their hardware architecture perform GF (Galois Field) operations using the proposed GF multiplier and adder. Therefore, the proposed DSP architecture can significantly reduce the number of clock cycles compared with existing DSP chips. It can perform RS decoding rate of up to 228.1 Mbps on 130MHz DSP chips.

An Analysis on Aspects of Concepts and Models of Fraction Appeared in Korea Elementary Mathematics Textbook (한국의 초등수학 교과서에 나타나는 분수의 개념과 모델의 양상 분석)

  • Kang, Heung Kyu
    • Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.431-455
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    • 2013
  • In this thesis, I classified various meanings of fraction into two categories, i.e concept(rate, operator, division) and model(whole-part, measurement, allotment), and surveyed appearances which is shown in Korea elementary mathematics textbook. Based on this results, I derived several implications on learning-teaching of fraction in elementary education. Firstly, we have to pursuit a unified formation of fraction concept through a complementary advantage of various concepts and models Secondly, by clarifying the time which concepts and models of fraction are imported, we have to overcome a ambiguity or tacit usage of that. Thirdly, the present Korea's textbook need to be improved in usage of measurement model. It must be defined more explicitly and must be used in explanation of multiplication and division algorithm of fraction.

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A password-based mutual authentication and key-agreement protocol (패스워드 기반의 상호 인증 및 키 교환 프로토콜)

  • 박호상;정수환
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.37-43
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    • 2002
  • This paper proposes a password-based mutual authentication and key agreement protocol, which is designed by applying ECDSA and ECDH. The proposed protocol, AKE-ECC, computes 2 times of point multiplication over ECC on each of client and server, and generates the key pairs(public key. private key) and a common session key using ECDH that is different compare to previously proposed protocol. It is against common attacks include a dictionary attack and the security of proposed protocol is based on the ECDLP, ECDH.