• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.111-132
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine the therapeutic compliance and its related factors in rural women with osteoporosis. A questionnaire survey was performed from April to May in 2000 for 140 osteoporotic patients who were diagnosed from April to June in 1999 through community health program. The study employed the health belief model for predicting and explaining sick role behavior. The analysis techniques employed included contingency table analysis and path analysis using LISREL. The major results of this study were as follows: Of the subjects, 12.1% were continuously complaint, 53.6% were intermittently compliant, and 34.3% were non- compliant to calcium supplement therapy. As the result of path analysis, the therapeutic compliance was significantly higher(${\mid}T{\mid}$ >2.0) as patients had higher perceived severity of disease, lower perceived barriers of treatment, and when patients thought their disease status as severe. As the patients had higher educational level, more experience of mass media contact or health education about osteoporosis, and when family had more concern for patient treatment, they had higher perceived susceptibility of complication(bone fracture)${\mid}T{\mid}$ >2.0). The patients had higher perceived severity(${\mid}T{\mid}$ >2.0) as they had more educational level, more advice for treatment from their doctors, and when family had more concern for their treatment. As the patients had more advice for treatment from their doctors and when family had more concern for their treatment, they had higher perceived benefit of treatment and lower perceived barriers to treatment(${\mid}T{\mid}$ >2.0). In order to improve the therapeutic compliance in rural osteoporotic women, it would be necessary that the patient should recognize their disease severity properly. And the perceived barriers should be removed through supportive environments for osteoporosis treatment such as doctor 's more advice and family 's more concern for treatment. In addition, effective and continuous management system for osteoporotic patients should be established.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.439-446
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the effect of long-term administration of Saengshik on growth parameters of growing rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed on AIN-93G basal diets for 12 weeks and assigned to the following groups: rats administrated orally with Saengshik at the dose of 1g/kg/day (1xJS ), 2g/kg/day (2xJS), 4g/kg/day (4xJS) and distilled water (Control). Rats were sacrificed at 4, 8, 12 weeks after oral administration. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral contents (BMC) were measured by PIXImus densitometry and serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration were determined by using EIA method. Body weight and food intake did not show significant changes within groups for 12 weeks. Physical longitudinal growth indexes, body length and femur length were significantly increased in Saengshik-administered groups at 12 weeks, in which BMD and BMC also significantly increased. Also, in blood IGF-1 level, Saengshik-administered groups were remarkedly higher than control group at 4 week (p<0.001), in which significantly higher at 8 week and 12 week. These results suggest a close relation between administration of Saengshik and increment of longitudingal bone growth. Therefore, as the result of this study, it could be expected that the administration of Saengshik for 12 weeks is helpful to the increase of longitudinal growth and growth factors in rats. Furthermore, we propose that the consumption of Saengshik as dietary supplementation may promote to increase in longitudinal bone growth in growing children.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.725-732
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• 2005

This study attempted to investigate if the soy isoflavone, genistein, influences bone metabolism in ovariectomized, 4-week-old female Wister rats. All the rats were divided into sham (SH) and ovariectomized (OVX) groups consisting of OVX-17${\beta}$-estradiol($10\;{\mu}g/kg$ b.w.), OVX-1mg or 5 mg or 10mg of genistein/kg b.w. The rates were allowed ad libitum access to foods and water for 8 weeks. The Results showed that body weight had significantly increased in the OVX group compared to the SH group (p<0.05) and was not different among the OVX-GEN and OVX-ES groups and the OVX group. The liver and uterus weights in the OVX groups were slighter than those in SH group (p<0.05). The kidney weight in the OVX groups was decreased compared to in that in the SH group but was not significantly different among all OVX groups. Femoral length in the OVX groups was longer than in the SH group and was not different. Rats in the OVX groups had higher creatinine levels than those in the SH group and hydroxyproline level did not differ significantly among any of the groups. Serum ALP activity and Ca in bone, feces, urine and serum did not change among the groups. Bone mineral density (BMD) decreased in the OVX groups compared to the SH group and was slightly increased by feeding genistein (p>0.05). Breaking force and stiffness did not change by ovariectomy and feeding genistein. Hence, these results suggested that estrogen may affect bone mineralization in growing rats and that genistein be may involved in the prevention of bone loss. However, more studies are needed to identify the proper mechanism of genistein and bone formation.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.22 no.3 s.93
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• pp.396-401
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• 2006

This study was performed to determine the quality characteristics of Jeung-Pyun with added tapioca flour. With increasing tapioca flour content, the moisture content of the product was decreased. The addition of tapioca flour increased the volume and symmetry compared to the control with no tapioca flour. The highest uniformity was shown by the 10% added group, but the differences were not significant. In the Hunter's value, the lightness of the control was higher than that of the group with added tapioca flour. Whereas the reverse was the case for the yellowness. With increasing tapioca flour content, the springiness, gumminess, cohesiveness, and chewiness of Jeung-Pyun were increased, and the hardness increased. In sensory evaluation cell uniformity and chewiness were the highest in the 20% added group. The hardness of the sense examination increasing with increasing tapioca floor content. The overall quality of Jeung-Pyun was the lowest in the 30% added group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1350-1356
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• 2005

Osteoporosis that is associated with estrogen deficiency in menopause is by far the most common cause of age-related bone loss. Since isoflavone had been reported as a natural substance that minimizes bone loss, we have begun this study to examine the effect of the substance on bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Five week-old (n=22) and 25 week-old (n=22) Sprage-Dawley female rats were classified into young (Y) and adult (A) groups. Each group consisted of three subgroups : sham operated group (SH), ovariectomized group (OVX), and isoflavone supplemented group (OVX+ISO 80 mg/kg B.W.). They were fed chow for 9 weeks. The result showed that body weight gain was increased in YOVX in comparison to YSH group, (p<0.05) serum osteocalcin concentration and urinal deoxypyridinoline (DPD) excretion had significantly increased in YOVX more than in YSH group, and significantly decrease in OVX+ISO than in YOVX group (p<0.05). We concluded that soy isoflavones may decrease bone turnover in young rats. However, isoflavone supplement didn't show significant influence on bone metabolism of adult rats.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2012

I-cell disease (mucolipidosis type II; MIM 252500) and pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy (mucolipidosis type III; MIM 252600) are disorders caused by abnormal lysosomal transport in cells. The presence of numerous inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of fibroblasts, a lack of mucopolysacchariduria, increased lysosomal enzyme activity in serum, and decreased GlcNAc-phosphotransferase activity are hallmark. Here, we attempted to investigate phenotypical and biochemical characteristics of the knockoutmouse of GlcNAc-phosphotransferase ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ subunits; in addition, we also attempted to determine whether the lysosome enriched fraction derived from placenta can be beneficial to phenotype and biochemistry of the knockout mouse.We found that the knockout mouse failed to thrive and had low bone density, as is the case in human. In addition, skin fibroblasts from the animal had the same biochemical characteristics, including increased lysosomal enzyme activity in the culture media, in contrast to the relatively low enzyme activity within the cells. Intravenous injection of the lysosome rich fraction derived from placenta into the tail vein of the animal resulted in a gain of weight, while saline injected animals didn't.In conclusion, our study demonstrated the phenotypical and biochemical similarities of the knockout mouse to a mucolipidosis type II patient and showed the therapeutic potential of the lysosome enriched fraction. We admit that a larger scale animal study will be needed; however, the disease model and the therapeutic potential of the lysosome enriched fraction will highlight the hope for a novel treatment approach to mucopolipidosis type II, for which no therapeutic modality is available.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.325-329
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• 2010

The osteogenic potential of hydroxyapatite/poly $\varepsilon$-caprolactone composite (HA/PCL) scaffolds with matrigel was evaluated in a rat calvarial defect model. Calvarial defect formation was surgically created in Sprague Dawley rats (n = 18). HA/PCL scaffold was grafted with matrigel (M-HA/PCL group, n = 6) or without matrigel (HA/PCL group, n = 6). A critical defect group (CD group, n = 6) did not received a graft. Four weeks after surgery, bone formation was evaluated with radiography, micro computed tomography (micro CT) scanning, and histologically. No bone tissue formation was radiographically evident in the CD group. Bone tissue was radiographically evident in the HA/PCL and M-HA/PCL groups, however, there was more bone-similar opacity in the M-HA/PCL group. Micro CT analysis revealed that the bone volume of the M-HA/PCL group was higher than the HA/PCL group, however, no significant difference was found between the HA/PCL and M-HA/PCL groups. Bone mineral density in the M-HA/ PCL group was significantly higher than in the HA/PCL group (p < 0.05). Histologically, new bone was formed only from existing bone in the CD group, showing concavity without bone formation in the defect. In the HA/PCL group, new bone formation was only derived from existing bone, while in the M-HA/PCL group the largest bone formation was observed, with new bone tissue forming at the periphery of existing bone and around the HA/PCL scaffold with matrigel. The results indicate that the combination of HA/PCL scaffold with matrigel may be an effective means of enhancing bone formation in critical-sized bone defects.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.85-88
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• 1994

근래 골조직에 있어서 자율신경의 기능에 대하여 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있으며, 골내의 자율신경의 해부학적 분포는 많이 알려져 있다. 그러나 임상적으로 반사적 교감신경 이상이나 레이노드 현상등과 같은 교감신경의 기능이상증에서나, 버거씨병 등의 치료 목적으로 시행되고 있는 교감신경 절제술 후, 자율신경기능의 변화가 사지골의 혈류나 골대사에 미치는 영향에 대하여는 아직도 논란의 여지가 있다. 저자들은 교감신경절제술 후 시간 경과에 따른 골에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 흰쥐에서 골대사와 혈류상태를 비교적 충실히 반영하는 정량적 골스캔을 시행하였다. 체중 $300{\sim}400g$의 수컷 흰쥐 10마리에서 복강을 통한 편측 요추부 교감신경절제술을 시행하였고, 수술 전과 후 1일, 3일, 1주, 2주, 3주, 4주에 양측 하지에서 각각 골스캔을 시행하고 교감신경 절제측 하지와 정상 하지에 대칭적으로 관심구역을 정하여 양측의 골스캔상 섭취계수를 비교하였다. 측정부위는 각 하지의 대퇴골간, 경골간 및 중족골로 하였다. 교감신경 절제술을 시행한 하지에서는 골스캔 소견상 수술 후 1일 또는 3일부터 동위원소 집적이 유의하게 증가되었으며 원위부로 갈수록 더욱 증가되었다. 그러나 3주 이후에는 정상측 수준으로 환원되었다. 교감신경절제술 후 골스캔상 동위원소집적이 증가되는 것은 골자체의 혈류가 증가되기 때문이며 이차적으로 골의 흡수를 유발하여 골밀도가 감소하는 것으로 생각되는데 이러한 변화는 시술 후 1일 째부터 관찰되어 사지골이 교감신경 절제에 매우 민감하게 반응하는 것을 알 수 있었다.9m}Tc$-MAA를 이용한 간 동맥 혈류 검사는 간암에서 색전술의 효과를 정확히 평가할 수 있는 유용한 검사법으로 이용될 수 있으리라 생각한다. 활성화 과정을 알아볼 수 있었으며 위상영상히스토그램을 통하여 이를 정량화하여 심실내 전기적 활성의 비동시성 여부를 추적관찰 할 수 있는 비관혈적검사임을 확인하였다.며, 3. $^{99m}Tc$으로 표지된 avidin과 streptavidin은 먼저 간으로 흡수된 후 대사된 다음 신장으로 배설된다는 사실을 알았다.damole에 의한 부작용은 흉통, 두통, 복통 등의 순이었고 전예에서 호전되었으며 생명에 위험을 초래할 수 있는 정도의 심장마비나 심부정맥은 한 예에서도 없었다. 결론적으로 dipyridamole은 약물부하 심근 SPECT 검사에 안전하게 사용할 수 있는 약물로 사료된다. 미소핵 빈도수가 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 각 군간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다(p>0.05). 결론 : 임상적으로 치료를 중단하게 되는 1000mCi/60 Kg(16.67 mCi/Kg)를 투여한 군에서도 생쥐 골수내 미소핵이 발현되지 않는 것으로 보아, 방사성옥소는 비교적 안심하고 치료에 사용할 수 있는 제제로 사료되었다.반드시 비례하지만은 않아서 시간경과에 따른 추후 검사가 필요하리라 생각된다. 또한 방광요관역류가 있는 환아에서 DMSA 섭취율로 신기능을 평가할 때, 특히 영유아에서 연령에 따른 고려가 있어야 할 것으로 보인다.었다. 4) $^{99m}Tc-DISIDA$ hepatobiliary scintigram 음성율을

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.226-232
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• 2006

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of leptin on biochemical markers of bone metabolism in childhood obesity. Methods: A total of 50 male children (25 obese and 25 controls) were recruited from the pediatric outpatient clinic at the Chosun University Hospital from November 1st 2005 to May 30th 2006. BMI, body fat percentage, serum leptin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP), C-terminal propeptide of type 1 collagen (CICP), total deoxypyridinoline crosslinks (total DPD) were measured. The correlations of leptin with BMI, body fat percentage, B-ALP, CICP, total DPD were analyzed by Pearson's correlation. In a multiple stepwise regression analysis, leptin after correction for body weight was evaluated if there was a correlation with biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption respectively. Results: The leptin levels of the obese group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p=0.012). In the obese group, the leptin level was significantly positively correlated with the BMI (r=0.551, p=0.01) and the percentage of body fat (r=0.584, p=0.018). In the obese group, of bone markers, B-ALP (r=-0.613, p=0.026) and CICP (r=-0.583, p=0.037) were negatively correlated with leptin. B-ALP (r=-0.728, p=0.007) and CICP (r=-0.684, p=0.014) were negatively correlated with leptin when corrected for body weight. In the control group, bone markers were not correlated with leptin. In the multiple stepwise regression analyses, there was a negative correlation between the leptin and B-ALP (Y=-39.653X+356.341, p=0.026), CICP (Y=-13.437X+ 116.013, p=0.037) respectively in the obese group. Conclusion: Leptin was a significant factor in the bone formation but not in bone resorption in childhood obesity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.156-164
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to bone mineral contents (BMC) at os calcis of adolescents. The subjects were 604 students (327 boys and 277 girls) between 7th and 9th grade in Seoul, Korea. The mean age was 14.2 ${\pm}$ 0.9 years. General characteristics were collected by a questionnaire, bone mineral contents (BMC) were measured in os calcis by Duel Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (PIXI, General Electronics, USA) and height and weight were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis method (Inbody 4.0, Biospace Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea). Mean BMC of os calsis were 2.241 g. Height (p <.0001), weight (p <.0001I), BMC (p <.0001I) ofboys were higher than those of girls. Percent body fat of girls, however, was higher than that of boys (p <.0001). Anthropometric measurement, pocket money, sibling, experience of fracture, pubertal stage, intake of supplements, physical or outdoors activity, and eating habit had significant influence on BMC of boys. Anthropometric measurement, physical or outdoors activity, and eating habit had significant influence on BMC of girls. Multivariate regression with adjustment for sex and age showed that BMC was associated positively with height, BMI, frequency of regular activity, and intake of spinach or radish leaves (all p <0.05), and negatively with percent body fat (p <.0000 and Korean traditional diet pattern (p = 0.01). On the basis of these results, it is recommended to develop nutrition education and physical activity program for adolescents to improve BMC and prevent osteoporosis.