• Journal of the KSME
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.311-314
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• 1993

역설계란 제품에서부터 역으로 그것의 수학적인 형상을 얻는 기법이다. 생산현장과 설계분야에서 역설계의 응용사례는 많다. 예를 들면 자동차 외형설계자는 자유곡면(free form)을 만들고, 이것 에서 역으로 스템핑 다이(stamping die)를 가공한다. 물론 외형 설계자는 자유곡면을 생성하기 위해 스틸이나 커크사이트(kirtsite)보다는 원하는 형상을 만들기 쉬운 진흙을 사용한다. 생산부 서에서는 가공물의 설계도가 분실되거나 훼손되어 완성된 제품에서 도면이 복사되어야 할 경우가 생기게 된다. 역설계는 복제가 요구되는 어떤 형상도 적용이 가능하다. 응용대상은 특히 완구, 인조팔, 스템핑다이, 폼 블록(from block), 욕조기, 가구, 일상용품 등이며 적용대상은 광범위하다. 역설계는 설계자가 습득해야 할 필요기술이고, 현재의 CAD/CAM 적용영역을 새로운 세계로 확대시킬 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.721-723
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• 2000

Deep Drawing공정은 2차원 박판(Sheet Metal)에 그림이나 글자를 인쇄한 다음, 박판을 다이에 고정하고 펀치로 눌러서 3차원의 제품을 생산하는 소성가공의 한 방법이다. 그러므로, 2차원 평면인 박판에 어떻게 적절히 인쇄하여, 가공 후의 3차원 제품에 원하는 그림과 글자가 나타나게 할 수 있는지가 문제가 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 Deep Drawing공정을 거쳐 완성된 제품을 측정한 후, 형상 역공학(Reverse Engineering) 기술을 이용하여 측정 데이터(Measured Points Data)를 입력으로 하는 매개변수 곡면 (Parametric Surface)을 만들고, Deep Drawing공정 전의 박판에 대한 매개변수 곡면을 만든 다음 두 곡면간의 매핑을 통해 위의 문제점을 해결하고자 한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.509-518
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• 1987

The paper is concerned with the analysis of axisymmetric forward extrusion by using the method of weighted residuals. In the method of weighted residuals, the flow function and the stress functions are assumed so as to cover the global control volume. The derived stress and strain components are used to formulate a constitutive equation in the error form, so that the error is minimized to determine the stress and strain components. The method of least squares is then chosen for the minimization of errors. The distribution of stresses and strains and the forming load are determined for the workhardening material considering the frictional effect at the die surface. The computed results are very similar to those obtained by the finite element method. The method is simpler in application and requires less computational time than the finite element method. Experiments are carried out for aluminum and steel specimens using curved dies. It is found that the experimental observation is mostly in agreement with the computed results by the method of weighted residuals.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.92-98
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• 2014

In this paper, the reconfigurable frequency selective surface for C-band was designed using patch array and grid structure. Frequency reconfigurability was obtained by varying the capacitance from varactor diode. From the optimized design parameters, we fabricated the reconfigurable frequency selective surface using the FPCB(Flexible Printed Circuit Board) and commercial varactor diode and measured the frequency reconfigurability for different bias voltage. From the measurement results, proposed structure has the wideband operating frequency of 6.6~7.6 GHz. We can applied this proposed structure to the smooth curved surface like as radome of aircraft or warship.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.38-43
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• 2002

Die-less forming is a cold forming process which is to bend thick flat plates into compound curved plates using two asymmetric rollers. This forming method has several advantages compared with line heating which is widely used to fabricate compound curved pieces in shipyards. The die-less forming, however, has scarcely been studied. Even the deformation mechanism in this forming process has not been understood clearly. So, in this paper, the deformation characteristics of die-less forming is investigated analytically and numerically. for the analytic investigation, slab method based on equilibrium equation is applied. And the mechanism of curvature generation is derived for the asymmetry in roller applied. And three dimensional numerical analyses are performed with realistic modeling of interactions between the rollers and work-piece using finite element program, ABAQUS. It is shown that curvature generation is mainly due to the difference of normal positive strain distribution between the top and bottom surface of the work-piece. And a convex-type curved plate is formed if the center region of the work-piece is rolled with asymmetric rollers of which the lower is larger than the upper in diameter.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1389-1403
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• 1993

A procedure has be developed to optimize the product's tipping position in designing a die face for manufacturing automobile outer panels. Two design requirements are considered in optimizing the tipping position. One is to satisfy that all the points on the product should have a uniform distribution of drawing depths. The other is to guarantee that the user-specified area on the product should first contact with the binder wrap. The problem to satisfy the design requirements described above is analogous to the flatness calculation problem in the area of metrology if some constraints can be imposed. Thus the problem can be solved by the simulated annealing method, which is one of the optimization methods. The developed procedure was tested with the real die face design problem and the usefulness was verified by the diagram of the drawing depth.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.18-27
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• 1997

Al 6061 alloy reinforced with 10 vol.% ${\delta}-Al_2O_3$ short fiber was fabricated by Rheo-compocasting and squwwze cating. Extrusion processings were performed at temperatures from 40$0^{\circ}C$ to 55$0^{\circ}C$ with various extrusion ratio for curved shape dies. In proportion to the increase of extrusion ratios and temperatures, ultimate tensile strength for extruded materials improved. SEM observation of fractured surfsce was capcble oof accounting for fracture mechanism and bounding state of fiber and matrix.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3474-3490
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• 1996

A metal matrix composites(MMCs) for A16061 reinforced with silicon carbide particles is fabricated by melt-stirring method. The primary products of MMCs billets are prepared by volume fractions 5 vol% to 20 vol% and particle size $13\mu m$ to $22\mu m$.This paper will be made to examine the microstructure and mechanical properties of fabricated $SiC_p$/Al 6061 composite by melt-stirring and squeeze casting method. The MMC billets is extruded at $500^{\circ}C$ under the constant extrusion velocity $V_e$=2mm/min using curved shape die. Extrusion force, particle rearrangement, micro structure and mechanical properties of extruded composites will be investigated. The mechanical properties of primary billets manufactured by melt-stirring and squeeze casting method will be compared with extrusion specimen. The effect of volume fraction and size of the reinforcements will be studied. The increase in uniformity of particle dispersion is the major reason for an improvement in reliability due to hot extrusion with optimal shape die. Experimental Young's modulus and 0.2% offset yield strength for the extruded MMCs will be compared with theretical values calculated by the Eshelby method. A method will be proposed for the prediction of Young's modulus and yield strength in $SiC_p$ reinforced MMCs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.127-127
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• 2000

다이아몬드상 카본(Diamond-like Carbon, DLC) 필름은 비정질 재료로서 다이아몬드와 유사한 높은 경도, 내마모성, 화학적 안정성, 그리고 광학적 특성을 가지고 있으며, 낮은 마찰계수와 높은 탄성률 등으로 인해 많은 분야에서 응용이 연구되고 있는 재료이다. 그러나 DLC 필름이 이러한 우수한 특성이 가지고 있음에도 불구하고 수 GPa에 이르는 높은 압축 잔류 응력으로 인해 응용에 제약을 받고 있다. 이러한 압축 잔류 응력이 상당한 값에 이르게 되면 기판의 구속에서 벗어나게 되어, 기판으로부터 떨어지게 되고 굽힘을 받게 되는 delamination buckling 현상이 일어나기도 한다. 본 연구에서는 높은 잔류 응력으로 인해 자연적으로 발생하는 buckling 현상과 식각 과정을 통해 인위적으로 기판의 제한으로부터 필름을 완화시키는 freehang 방법을 이용하여 필름이 기판에 접착되는데 필요한 에너지를 평가하려고 한다. 본 실험에서는 rf-PACVD 장비를 이용하여 필름을 증착하였다. 이때 전극과 플라즈마 사이의 바이어스 음전압은 -100~700 Vb로 변화를 주었으며, 합성압력은 9mTorr로 고정하였다. 사용한 반응 가스는 메탄(CH4)이고, 아르곤(Ar)을 이용하여 모든 실험에서 동일하게 기판을 전처리 하였다. buckling 현상을 관찰하기 위해 사용된 기판은 slide glass이고, freehang을 제작하기 위해 사용된 기판은 (100) p-type Si wafer 이다. freehang 제작시 사용한 식각 용액은 KOH(5.6mol)이며 외부 요인을 제거하기 위해 7$0^{\circ}C$ 항온조를 사용하였다. Buckling 된 필름과 freehang은 광학 현미경과 전자 주사 현미경에 의해 관찰되었으며, 사인 함수 형태의 곡면을 가지고 있었다. 또한 freehang 제작시 각각의 주기와 진폭을 통해, 필름과 기판사이의 계면에너지와 buckling 되면서 새로 생성된 두 표면에너지 차이를 구할 수 있게 되고, 이를 통해 접착에너지를 평가할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.494-500
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• 2020

Owing to the complexity of shapes and elements, some difficulties are found in the modeling and sharing phases in a project at the earlier design stages. This paper extends the boundaries by suggesting the data interoperability between 3D modeling software, McNeel Rhino 3D and BIM system, and Autodesk® Revit® Architecture. The main research methodology is to link the architectural form data in the NURBS supporting the 3DM format, especially for integrating surface properties into the mass family template of Revit. This algorithm-driven interoperability approach using visual programming, such as Dynamo in conjunction with Autodesk®, can be applicable in a theoretical part and also a practical use-case. This paper summarizes these results as sequence guidelines and project template recommendations suggesting an efficient design process to interoperate geometric data with the BIM system to manipulate and control the regular and curved form of office buildings.