• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of distress tolerance on subjective well-being and the mediating effect of experiential avoidance in the relationship between distress tolerance and subjective well-being. We conducted an online survey a total of 285 normal adults in the nation from October 21 to 24, 2015. The questionnaire was composed of a distress intolerance index, a concise measure of subjective well-being, and acceptance action questionnaire. And questionnaires were distributed and retrived by an online survey company. Collected data has been analyzed by the structural equation modeling. The correlation analysis showed that distress tolerance was positively correlated with subjective well-being, while negatively with experiential avoidance. Also, the verification of mediating effects of experiential avoidance in the relation between distress tolerance and subjective well-being indicated that experiential avoidance partly mediated the relationship at a meaningful level. Additionally, deflection correction bootstrap analysis was used to verify indirect effects and its results revealed that the mediating effect going from distress tolerance to subjective well-being passing through experiential avoidance was statistically significant. That is, distress tolerance not only influences subjective well-being directly but also influences indirectly through experiential avoidance. Finally, significance and limitations of this study were discussed along with the suggestions for further research.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.353-359
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of suffering experience, self-forgiveness and emotional expression of loss on nurses' attitude toward dignified death. Methods: The subjects in this study were 140 nurses, had been working over 6 months in a general hospital. Data were collected from July 1 to August 31 2016, by using self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS 19.0 programs. Results: The significant predictors that affected nurses' attitude toward dignified death were experience of suffering, emotional expression of loss, religion and educational level. The explained variance for nurses' attitude toward dignified death was 63.9% and the most significant factor was emotional expression of loss. Conclusion: These results suggest that attitude toward dignified death of nurses can be changed positively by communicating emotional expression of loss and their suffering experience.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 1998

Suffering is a human burden that may not be truly avoidable. In order to put that view in perspective we must examine suffering in a form as isolated from self-inflicted behavior as possible. The suffering of a child is one such example. The purpose of this study is to understand the meaning of suffering in the teenager and is to analyze difference of suffering in children and adult. The subjects of this study were 6 childrens (12year-17year) including in-patients and out-patients of a general hospital who were diagnosed as having cancer. The data was collected from October 10, 1996 to April 15, 1997. Qualitative research methods of in-depth interview and participant observation were used for data collection. Data analysis progressed according to the fieldwork phases suggested by the Hybrid Model. According to the results of the study, the meaning of suffering in the teenager can be described as follows : Suffering is an inevitable experience of all human beings. When each child experiences pain and destroying child-adult relationship, suffering in which threaten one's personal integrity is perceived differently among each child depending on their personal inner factors, one's significant others, exterior circumstances and stimuli. Suffering brings severe and unendurable distress which accompany anguish, depression, anxiety and fear. This findings provide data for new insights of suffering. When caring for teenager who experience suffering, nurses need to consider the influence of suffering. Moreover, appropriate nursing interventions aimed at relieving suffering need to be developed.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to discover the structure of the lived experience of suffering of families with cancer patients to develop a theoretical foundation that can be used to reinforce nursing practice for cancer patients and their families. Methods: A qualitative study was performed using Parse's research method. Participants were four families with cancer patients. From February 2009 through April 2010, data were collected via dialogical-engagement between participants and the researcher and analyzed through the extraction-synthesis and heuristic interpretation processes. Results: The structure was identified as follows. The families' lived experience of suffering was a process through which they experienced a psychological shock of cancer diagnosis and difficulties associated with reshuffled roles among family members, and made efforts to care for the patients. Conclusion: Amidst sadness, pain, anxiety, guilt, fear and agony, the families focused on the human-health-universe aspect and found meanings of their experiences as love, triumphant, responsibility and hope. As such, the study results suggest that the suffering of families with cancer patients is a human becoming process of positive transformation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.638-647
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• 2020

This study reflects on suffering, a theme of anthropology, from a Christian theological point of hope. It suggests that suffering is not a negative experience, rather a medium of hope that can be a positive driving force in life and an opportunity to reach personal maturity. It aims to deepen the content of anthropology regarding the meaning of suffering by discovering a new harmony within the relationship between pain and hope. The book of Job denies the theodicical concept that justifies suffering as punishment for human sins and opens a new horizon of understanding the suffering as a space of hope, where men can experience the Love of God in the relationship with God. In his theology of suffering, Moltmann broadens and deepens the horizon of understanding as the book of Job discovered. First, he interprets the history in the hope of an eschatological future when the resurrected Jesus Christ will bring the final victory over evil and suffering. Then he invites men to proactively resist the absurdity and suffering revealed through this interpretation. Second, Moltmann reflects on the problem of suffering in the concept of the Trinity of God who endures active suffering with love for men shown in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. He offers another hope that enables men to overcome the suffering in God's love. Therefore, the Christian faith can confess that we can hope in suffering.

• 건강소식
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• v.12 no.6 s.115
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• pp.12-21
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• 1988

소화가 잘 안된다, 머리가 아프다, 자꾸 마른다 등등 현대인들은 사소함(?) 신체적 고통을 흔히 호소한다. 그리고는 소화제, 두통약, 피로회복제등을 수시로 입안으로 털어넣곤 한다. 그러면서도 이러한 증상을 병으로 생각하는 사람은 없다. 그저 일시적인 현상으로만 치부해 버리고 고통과 약의 사이를 왕래한다. 물론, 몸에 좋다는 모든 것을 먹어도 나이들어 몸이 말을 듣지 않는 것은 어쩔 수 없다하더라도 사소하다고 생각하는 증상들이 경우에 따라서는 엄청난 병의 시작일 수도 있다는 것을 주위에서 수없이 경험하는 우리가 아닌가. 도대체, 소화불량ㆍ노화현상ㆍ비만ㆍ두통 이런 증상들은 어디까지가 병이고, 어디까지가 일시적인 것일까.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.378-387
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• 2004

Purpose: The study was undertaken to examine the degree of nurse's suffering experience and to identify the influencing factors on nurses' suffering experience in Korea. Method: Data were collected using a questionnaire for 271 nurses working at 5 general hospitals in Daegu and Kyung-book province from Sep. 1, to Sep. 30, 2003. The questionnaire consists of 54 items, general characteristics(10) and nurse's suffering experience(44). All surveys were sorted and studied by frequency analysis, mean score, standard deviation, range, independent t-test, one way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Multiple regression. Result: The findings of this survey indicate 1) The degree of suffering experienced by nurses caring for terminal cancer patients was 2.96; 2) Demographic variables affecting the degree of nurses' suffering experience were age(F=5.62, p=.000), marital status(F=20.53, p=.000), religion(F=5.44, p=.020), career of clinical experience(F=6.96, p=.000), and feelings of end-life care(F=3.11, p=.016); 3) There were slight correlation between the subitem of nurse's suffering experience and general characteristics of subjects. For 'expanding self consciousness', age, career duration, and position; for 'forming empathy with family', age and career duration ; for 'spiritual sublimation', age, and career duration were affected variables. 4) As a result of the multiple regression analysis for predictable variables affecting nurses' suffering, it was found that 'career of clinical experience' was most significant(F=23.100, p=.000). The explanatory power of this regression formula was 17.6%. Conclusion: This study can provide the basic data useful towards improvement of nursing services for terminal cancer patients and the health of the nurse.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.276-284
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to identify factors affecting terminal care performance of clinical nurses. Methods: The participants in this study were 175 nurses working in hospitals in Daegu and North Gyeongsang Province. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire and were analyzed with the IBM SPSS WIN 19.0 program. Results: Nurses' terminal care performance was significantly related with suffering experience, empathy ability and caring behaviors. Significant predictors for terminal care performance were their department, empathy ability and caring behaviors. These factors explained 43.52% of the variance in terminal care performance of clinical nurses. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that terminal care performance of clinical nurses can be strengthened by improving empathy ability and caring behaviors.

• RED RIBBON
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• s.54
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• pp.10-11
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• 2003

얼마 전 성추행 당한 사병이 그 고통을 견디다 못해 자살한 사건이 있었다. 군대라는 밀폐된 공간에서 성범죄가 자행된다는 사실에 온 국민은 경악을 금치못했다. 인권의 사각지대라는 멍에를 벗기 위해 노력하던 군은 또 다시 성범죄라는 큰 짐을 떠안게 되었다.

• RED RIBBON
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• s.56
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• pp.8-9
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• 2004

감염인으로 살아가기란 쉽지가 않다. 그렇다고 희망이 없는 것은 아니다. 감염인으로 살아가면서 겪게 될 고통이나 편견들을 이미 같은 경험을 한 선배 감염인들이 연재하는 코너로 많은 감염인들에게 도움이 되기를 바라며 연중기획으로 마련하였다.