• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.73-73
• /
• 2008

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 1998

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.104-111
• /
• 2016

This study examined the effects of the biological markers and lifestyle factors on the presence of diabetes in middle-aged adults. A total of 5,363 adults aged 40-64 years were recruited from the 2010-2012 Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, ANCOVA and logistic regression. The results were as follows. The body mass index was significantly higher in the prediabetes and diabetes group than in the normal group. Hypertension, abdominal obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, smoking, drinking, and carbohydrate intake were significantly different among three groups. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, body mass index and drinking were the influencing biological markers and lifestyle factors in prediabetes. The significant factors influencing diabetes were hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal obesity, body mass index, and smoking. Overall, the development of intervention programs for effective diabetes prevention in middle-aged adults by lifestyle modification of hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, drinking, and smoking is recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.522-529
• /
• 2014

Sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) is well known as having anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects in animals as well as in humans. In this study, we evaluated the effects of sea tangle-added patty on postprandial blood glucose and lipid profiles in borderline-hypercholesterolemic (cholesterol ${\geq}200$ mg/dL) adults. Eleven subjects voluntarily participated in the experiment, and each subject provided written consent. Experimental patty (E) was made by adding 2.25 g of sea tangle powder as a substitution to 1.125 g each of pork and chicken. In the first week, 200 g of Control patty (C) was provided to each subject, who had fasted more than 12 hours. In the second week, the same amount of E patty was supplied under the same conditions. Serum glucose levels increased significantly less at 30, 60, and 120 min after consumption of E patty compared to the levels at all time points after eating C patty. Thus, the change in the area under curve (${\Delta}AUC$) of serum glucose levels through 120 minutes was lower when consuming E patty compared to C patty. Although serum C-peptide concentrations were not significantly different at all time points between the two patties, the ${\Delta}AUC$ of serum C-peptide concentrations through 120 minutes was lower when consuming E patty compared to C patty. However, there were no differences in serum levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and HDL-C at 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min between the two patties. Further, each ${\Delta}AUC$ of these lipid levels through 240 minutes was not significantly different between the two patties. The results indicate that sea tangle-added patty may decrease postprandial plasma glucose concentrations and reduce insulin secretion, although it might not ameliorate serum lipid profiles in adults with borderline-hypercholesterolemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.39 no.12
• /
• pp.1783-1789
• /
• 2010

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of 10 week onion extract supplementation on blood lipid profiles in borderline hypercholesterolemic participants. The study consisted of 10 males and 17 females aged $45.9{\pm}10.0$ years. At baseline, serum total cholesterol level was $228.6{\pm}4.1$ mg/dL (201~239 mg/dL). This study was designed as randomized single blind placebo controlled cross-over study. After 1 week wash-out period, subjects were randomized into two groups; they took onion extract (150 mL/1 pack, containing 30 mg quercetin) or placebo for 10 weeks. After 1 week wash-out period again, subjects took exchanged samples for another 10 weeks. The total-cholesterol ($226.7{\pm}4.6{\rightarrow}206.8{\pm}3.6$ mg/dL; p<0.01), LDL-cholesterol ($151.6{\pm}5.0{\rightarrow}127.1{\pm}4.1$ mg/dL; p<0.01) and atherogenic index (AI: $4.0{\pm}0.3{\rightarrow}3.4{\pm}0.2$; p<0.05) decreased significantly after 10 weeks of onion extracts supplementation, while there were no significant changes during placebo periods. The levels of HDL-cholesterol (onion extract: $46.5{\pm}2.0{\rightarrow}50.2{\pm}2.1$ mg/dL, placebo: $47.8{\pm}2.1{\rightarrow}50.1{\pm}2.4$ mg/dL), GOT (onion extract: $36.8{\pm}1.8{\rightarrow}32.3{\pm}1.8$ IU/L, placebo: $35.1{\pm}2.1{\rightarrow}32.8{\pm}2.0$ IU/L), and GPT (onion extract: $36.5{\pm}3.2{\rightarrow}32.9{\pm}1.8$ IU/L, placebo: $36.6{\pm}3.8{\rightarrow}33.8{\pm}2.8$ IU/L) showed no significant changes in both periods. These results indicate that the consumption of onion concentrated extracts exerts beneficial effects on dyslipidemia through the decrease of serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels in borderline hypercholestrolemic subjects. In conclusion, onion was useful as dietary therapy for hypercholestrolemia and adequate onion intake may help to prevent cardiovascular disease.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.65-72
• /
• 2005

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) had been the problematic weed for Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) fairway since it shows light green color all year. Experiment was carried out to determine the best herbicides combination to control creeping bentgrass in Kentucky bluegrass. fairway without injury. To investigate the efficacy of herbicides, five post-emergence herbicides of asulam WG ($87.6\%$), imazaquin SL ($20\%$), fenoxaprop-P-ethyl EC ($7\%$), mecoprop SL ($50\%$), triclopyr-TEA SL ($30\%$) and one pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin EC ($31.7\%$) treated on 21 Sept. and 10 Nov. 2003. Kentucky bluegrass visual quality evaluated 30 and 50 days after application for phytotoxic effects of the herbicides. As a result, asulam WG (0.2g/$m^{2}$) and imazaquin SL (0.3ml/$m^{2}$) showed approximately $90\%$ of control in creeping bentgrass, but visual quality of Kentucky bluegrass significantly decreased from 20 to 50DAT (day after treatment). However, creeping bentgrass was acceptably controlled(over $80\%$) by fenoxaprop-P-ethyl EC (0.4ml/$m^{2}$)+triclopyr-TEA SL(0.3 ml/$m^{2}$) applied twice on 21 Sept. and 1 Oct. 2003 without serious injury on Kentucky bluegrass. Therefore, it is suggested that an application of fenoxaprop-P-ethyl EC (0.4ml/ $m^{2}$)+triclopyr-TEA SL (0.3 ml/$m^{2}$) may be more effective to control creeping bentgrass in Kentucky bluegrass with the least phytotoxicity by herbicides.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.556-566
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the relationship between health behaviors and high levels of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) according to cardiovascular risk factors among Korean adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the sixth Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES VI). Participants were 13,841 adults aged 19 years and older. Cardiovascular risk factors were stroke, myocardial infarction or angina, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hypertension, aging, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) under 40 mg/dL and HDL-cholesterol over 60 mg/dL. Cardiovascular risk groups were classified as very high risk (stroke, myocardial infarction or angina), high risk (diabetes mellitus), moderate risk (over 2 risk factors), and low risk (below 1 risk factor). The prevalence of high LDL-cholesterol was calculated using the LDL-cholesterol target level according to cardiovascular risk group. Results: The prevalence of high LDL-cholesterol was 25.5% in males and 21.7% in females. Complex sample cross tabulation demonstrated that the high LDL-cholesterol and normal groups differed significantly according to age, education, body mass index, percentage of energy from carbohydrate, fat, saturated fat and n-6 in males and females. These two groups were also significantly different according to smoking in males and the percentage of energy from n-3 in females. Complex sample multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for multiple confounding factors demonstrated that the probability of high LDL-cholesterol was significantly associated with current smoking (OR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.40-1.99), obesity (OR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.64-2.31) in males, and current smoking (OR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.19-2.52), obesity (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.39-1.90), percentage of energy from n-3 (quartile 1 vs. quartile 2; OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62-0.96; quartile 1 vs. quartile 3; OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.56-0.94; quartile 1 vs. quartile 4: OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.51-0.87) in females. Conclusion: This study reveals the impact of smoking, obesity, energy percentage of nutrient intake on LDL-cholesterol.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.278-290
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of total cholesterol levels (TC) and the incidence of hypercholesterolemia in response to changes in BMI. The subjects included a total of 28,249 industrial workers (25,548 male and 2,701 female) aged 30-69 years old who had received regular medical check-ups at least once per year from 2002 to 2012 (over 11 years). Data from this period were categorized into a first term (2002-2005), middle term (2006-2009), and last term (2010-2012). Then, the average TC was stratified by BMI, which was obtained from the initial examination results of each individual. In addition, average changes in TC were analyzed by stratifying with changes in BMI over 10 years (starting in 2002). The annual occurrence rates of hypercholesterolemia stratified by BMI were further assessed in patients with normal ranges of TC. In all three terms, the average TC was significantly elevated in the obese group ($25.0kg/m^2$) compared to the low weight group ($18.5kg/m^2$) and the normal weight group ($18.5-25.0kg/m^2$). Similarly, the group with higher BMI presented elevated rates of hypercholesterolemia compared to the groups with low BMI. In addition, increased BMI over the 10 year period significantly influenced TC. Consequently, it is suggested that evaluation and intervention for obesity control may be needed in order to manage the risk of high serum lipid levels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.104-108
• /
• 2002

Numerous studies have suggested the involvement of oxidative processes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and especially of oxidized low density lipoproteins (LDL). We studied the effect of Korean wheat on the oxidizability of LDL and the development of experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits on cholesterol diet. For the approach of the aim, antioxidative activity of wheat extracts against oxidation of LDL was investigated. The antiatherogenic effect of wheat was studied against Newzealand whithe (NZW) rabbits fed containing the wheat powder for 12 weeks. PBS extracts of Korean and imported wheats decreased LDL oxidation induced by copper ion by 62.3%, 52.6% respectively in comparison with control. Liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS ) levels of rabbits were significantly lowered in Korean wheat fed group (0.397$\pm$ 0.029 nmol MDA/mg protein, p<0.05) compared to control (0.496$\pm$0.021 nmol MDA/mg protein) and imported wheat group (0.478$\pm$0.019 nmol MDA/mg protein). TBARS levels of kidney showed no significant difference among treatment groups. The aorta of cholesterol-fed rabbits showed typical atherosclerotic lesions when compared with the controls, but the microscopic differences between groups was not clear. The present study suggests that Korean wheat may have higher antioxidative capacity than imported wheat and have more beneficial effects for the treatment of disease by inhibiting the oxidation of LDL.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.713-725
• /
• 1999

Women have a greater incidence of coronary heart disease(CHD) after menopause. It relates to hormone imbalance-induced changes in known CHD risk factors, especially hyperlipidemia. Accordingly, once women are diagnosed, the rate of morbidity and mortality is greater than for men. Thus, preventive strategies are critical to improve the quality oflife in the later years for women. The purpose of ths study was to explore the difference of anthropometric, environmental factors and food behaviors between normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia within postmenopausal women. The subjects were classified as normocholesterolemia and hypercholesterolemia based on the Guideline for Korean Hyperlipidemia. The results obtained are summarized as follows. The distributions of general characteristics such as age, family income, occupation status, age at menarche, and menopausal period were not significantly different between the normocholesterolemia group and hypercholesterolemia group. The anthropometric factors such as body mass index(BMI) and waist hip ratio(WHR) were not significantly different between the normocholesteroemia group and the hypercholesterolemia group but odds ratio of hypercholesterolemia group was higher than that of normocholesterolemia but not significant. Aerobic activity more than 1hours/day was significantly related to low serum cholesterol concentration. Eating behaviors related to regular meal time, regular breakfast habit, and slow meal speed were related to low serum cholesterol concentration. Eating the chicken without skin was significantly related to low serum cholesterol concentration. Our data indicate that desirable eating habit, aerobic activity more than 1hr/day are important factors of serum cholesterol concentrations in postmenopausal women. The result of this study provide information that is important in designing appropriate dietary guidelines for hypercholesterolemia in postmenopausal women.