• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.73-74
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• 2024

To control western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), a significant pest of peppers, the control effects of eco-friendly agricultural materials were tested when treated alone and in combination. The control effects of yellow sticky roll traps installed on the stem, predatory natural enemy (Hypoaspis miles) inoculated on the stem, and plant extracts (50% custard apple seed oil + 10% cinnamon extract) sprayed on the foliage were 45.3%, 36.6%, and 50.2%, respectively, when treated individually. Meanwhile, when three eco-friendly agricultural materials were comprehensively applied, the control effect was maintained between 62.4% and 80.9% compared to untreated conditions during the pepper harvesting season. These methods can be utilized for the eco-friendly control of western flower thrips in pepper greenhouses.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.56-60
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• 1997

In order to investigate the relationships between the responses of four crops (rice, soybeans, potatoes, and red pepper) to acid rain, the simulated acid rain(SAR) of pH 1.8, 2.3, and 2.8 and normal rain of pH 6.0 were applied from 30 days after emergence to harvest at the two-week interval for rice, soybeans and red pepper and at a week interval for potatoes. SAR of pH 1.8 and 2.3 caused brown spots in the leaves of rice, soybeans, and red pepper and the damages were severer as the pH of SAR lowered, while no visual damages were observed in potatoes. The SARs did not affect chlorophyll content of rice and potatoes, while chlorophyll content of soybeans and red pepper decreased as the pH of SAR lowered. Photosynthetic activity was not significantly different among the pHs of SAR in rice, while decreased as pHs of SAR lowered from pH 2.8 to 1.8 in soybeans, potatoes, and red pepper. Yield of rice, soybeans, and potatoes was not affected by the pHs of SAR, but in red pepper the length, diameter, and weight of a fruit, the number of fruits per plant, and total matured fruit yield decreased as the pHs of SAR lowered. In rice and potatoes visual damages caused by SAR did not correlated with other observed traits. However, visual damages were negatively correlated with chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity of soybeans and photosynthetic activity and yield of red pepper.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.18-18
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• 2011

본 연구는 태양초 품질에 미치는 후숙방법과 산광재료의 효과를 구명하기 위하여 2011년 8월부터 2011년 9월 25일까지 충청북도농업기술원 1중 플라스틱 하우스에서 수행하였다. 전처리 방법은 고추 수확 후 벌크(대조구), 하우스 밀봉, 비닐밀봉 등 3처리를 하였으며, 산광재료는 관행(무차광, 대조구), 차광망(35%), 천막지, 백색부직포, 흑색부직포를 건조대 위의 멀칭용 철사에 고정하여 실험을 수행하였다. 고추건조대($6{\times}1.5{\times}0.75(m)$, $L{\times}W{\times}H$)를 각 앵글로 설치하고, 고추 건조기의 건조 깔판을 깔고 고추를 널어 건조하였다. 플라스틱하우스 바닥에는 천막지를 깔고 토양으로부터 습기를 차단하여 고추 건조를 촉진코자 하였다. 고추 전처리 방법은 벌크 건조가 건조기간이 짧고 비상품과율이 낮아 건조 효율이 우수하였으나, 태양초 생산을 위한 전처리 방법으로는 하우스 밀봉이 우수하였다. 산광재료는 백색부직포 처리시 고추의 수분 증발 속도가 대조구보다 뒤졌으나, 다른 처리보다 온도가 높아 건조기간을 단축할 수 있었고, 색택이 우수할 뿐만아니라 상품성도 우수하였다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.506-513
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• 2010

Plant growth promoting ability of Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 was evaluated under different levels of organic fertilizer application on red pepper plants in a pot experiment. Oil cake as an organic N fertilizer was applied at the rates of 70, 85, 100 and 120% of the conventional recommended level. Each treatment was further treated with or without M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculation. The recommended amount of compost for red pepper was added in all the treatments. Results revealed that plant height, dry biomass and fruit yield were enhanced in increasing order as the rate of fertilization increased. Overall plant growth was improved due to the inoculation of M. oryzae CBMB20 and red pepper fruit yield was also increased by 10-35% in the plants inoculated with M. oryzae CBMB20 at different rates of organic fert1izer application. Total methylotrophic bacterial population in rhizosphere soil measured at the time of harvest was significantly higher in M. oryzae CBMB20 inoculated treatments. The growth promoting effect of M. oryzae CBMB20 found in red pepper could be due to the effective colonization of the bacteria in the rhizosphere and its ability of enhancing nutrient availability and producing plant growth hormones. With the plant growth promoting effect of M. oryzae CBMB20, the rate of organic fertilizer application can be reduced without any significant decreases in biomass production and yield of red pepper.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.254-261
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• 2014

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate effects of silicate fertilizer application on red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) productivity with improving soil chemistry under plastic film house in paddy field. METHODS AND RESULTS: The silicate fertilizer was applied as 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg/10a as basal dressing before transplanting pepper plant seedlings. Cultivar of the pepper plant was Cheon-Ha-Dae-Se. Amounts of inorganic fertilizer applied as $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$=19.0-6.4-10.1kg/10a was estimated depending on soil test values. After applying 50% of nitrogen, 100% of phosphorus, and 60% of potassium fertilizers as basal dressing, the seedlings of pepper plant were transplanted. The rests of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were applied as side-dressing after the first, second, and fourth harvests of red pepper. When comparing selected chemical properties of soils between before transplanting and after final(the fifth) harvest, soil pH, available $P_2O_5$, and exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$ increased with increasing the applications of silicate fertilizer, whereas electrical conductivity(EC) decreased. However, exchangeable $K^+$ was higher with the treatments of 100 and 200 kg/10a, and exchangeable $Mg^{2+}$ was higher with 300 kg/10a application. In addition, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of red pepper collected from the first harvesting stage decreased with increasing the applications of silicate fertilizer, but potassium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations in red pepper were highest with 300 kg/10a application. Yield of red pepper increased between 9.0 and 11.8% with the applications of silicate fertilizer. Marketable fruit rate of res pepper was highest(97.3%) with 200 kg/10a application. CONCLUSION: The application of silicate fertilizer as basal dressing in paddy-converted fields improved soil chemistry and increased red pepper productivity.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2012

The commercial product "pyto-patch" prepared as nano sized silver particle less than 5 nm, has effective antifungal activity against Collectotrichum gloeosporioides, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro. As a fungal growth inhibiton mechanism, it can reduce spore germination rate and mycelial growth. As s promising fungicide, Phyto-patch can control anthracnose effectively. The spore of C. gloeosporioides dipped in 5 ppm phyto-patch dilute suppressed germination rate to 13.2%, and mycelial growth stopped for 15 days at 10 ppm. The spore postinoculated on 10 ppm phyto-path smeared PDA surface could not germinate for 3 days and prohibit pathogen infection effectively. In field test, the anthracnose development of 4 ppm phyto-patch treated plot was less than 7% after 21 days compaired to 40% of it in untreated plot. In heavy rainfall season, pepper anthracnose effectivly contrrolled by regular 10 ppm phytopatch spraying every 7 days. The diseased pepper fruit decreased to 5.8% compaired to 94.6% in untreated plot. During drying period, the diseased pepper fruit havested in phyto-patch treated plot was 24.2%, but pepper fruit havested in untreated plot destroyed to 100% within 3 days. The nano silver particle coated on multching textile prevented late blight of pepper effectively and disease occurance delayed about month.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.571-575
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• 2019

Fungal occurrence during production of dried red pepper was investigated using red pepper samples collected at harvest, before and after washing, and before, during or after drying. Fungal incidence was evaluated by counting the number of fungal colonies grown after incubating random pepper cuts on potato dextrose agar plates. Washing with ground water had no significant effect on reduction of fungal contamination. Fungal increase was observed in some samples, and the insides of washer and containers were contaminated with fungi. Drying caused significant fungal increase regardless of drying method although the fungal incidence after machine drying was lower than that after greenhouse drying. Fungal increase was observed in the samples being dried in a greenhouse and some mycotoxigenic species were also detected. Therefore, the most important control point for fungal contamination during dried pepper production appears to be the drying process, especially in a greenhouse.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.302-311
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the changes in bioactive compounds across the ripening stages of three pepper cultivars, each characterized by unique skin colors. The samples used in this study consisted of three pepper cultivars distinguished by their skin colors as green, purple, and yellow green at breaker ripening stage. Samples were harvested at each of the four ripening stages, including premature, breaker, turning, and mature, and subjected to analysis for various bioactive compounds, including capsaicin, ascorbic acid, kaempferol, quercetin, and sugars. In all cultivars with varying skin colors, the capsaicin content within green pepper fruits consistently increased as the ripening stages advanced. Ascorbic acid was most abundant during the premature stage of development in purple and green cultivars, subsequently declining as maturation progressed. In the case of the purple cultivar, kaempferol content decreased by approximately 30% at the mature stage, while the green cultivar exhibited a gradual increase in kaempferol content with maturation. Conversely, the kaempferol content of the yellow green cultivar rapidly declined as maturation progressed. Regarding quercetin content, the purple and green cultivars tended to decrease with maturity, while the yellow green cultivar displayed an increasing trend. Furthermore, the accumulation patterns of glucose, fructose, and sucrose, the predominant free sugars in green pepper fruit, demonstrated an inclination to increase as the maturation stage advanced in both purple and green cultivars. In contrast, the yellow green cultivar initially showed an elevation in free sugar content during the immature stage, followed by a minor reduction during maturation and a subsequent rise during the mature stage. Each pepper cultivar, distinguished by its unique skin color, exhibits varying levels of bioactive substances at different ripening stages. Therefore, optimal harvesting and utilization should align with periods when the desired substance content is at its peak.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.635-641
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• 2012

The present study evaluated the effect of chitosan on the changes of soil chemical properties, soil microbial population, and yield of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) for eco-friendly agriculture in an upland field. We utilized four treatment groups, control, foliar spray, soil drench, and foliar spray + soil drench with chitosan, and analyzed these variations throughout the seven, fourteen, and twenty one days interval. The pH values, organic matter, and available phosphate in the upland soil at the harvesting stage decreased in the chitosan treatment. The populations of bacteria, actinomyces, and fungi in the upland field were increased in plots treated with chitosan. The chlorophyll content of leaves was no significant differences between the control and the chitosan treatments, while calcium content of leaves was significantly higher in the chitosan treatments than in the control. In addition, the nitrogen content of leaves was no significant differences between the foliar spray and the soil drench. The yield of red pepper was significantly higher in the control ($383kg\;10a^{-1}$) than the chitosan treatments and the yield of soil drench with chitosan reached up to 95% of control.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Organic Agriculture Conference
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• 2009.12a
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• pp.287-287
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• 2009

우리나라의 시설재배면적은 51,237ha에 이르며 수경재배 면적을 제외하면 대부분 경운재배를 하고 있는 실정이다. 경운 작업은 대형 농기구를 이용하여 경운하기 때문에 시설내 토양 입자가 단립으로 잘게 부서지며 대형농기구로 인하여 토양이 답압되고 경운층 아래 경반층이 형성되어 뿌리 발육과 배수 불량의 원인을 제공하게 된다. 경운은 기존에 설치되어 있는 관수시설과 지주, 멀칭을 제거한 후 유기물을 투입하고 2~3회 경운작업 후 다시 소형농기구를 이용하여 이랑을 조성한다. 그리고 제거된 관수시설, 멀칭, 지주를 다시 설치하여야 하기 때문에 시설의 경운재배는 가장 고통스러운 악성노동을 수반하게 된다. 따라서 본 시험에서는 시설 고추 유기재배 시 무경운재배 효과에 대하여 검토하고자 전남 나주시 남평읍 평산리 "JD 중동통 미사질양토"에서 시험을 수행하였다. 2009년 3월 11일 "녹광" 고추 품종을 재식 거리 135${\times}$38cm로 정식하여 7월 27일까지 재배한 후, 시험포를 1/2로 나누어 트렉터를 이용하여 경운작업을 실시하고 2009년 8월 1일 억제작형으로 "녹광" 고추 품종을 정식하였다. 그리고 나머지 시험포 1/2은 전작물을 재배한 이랑에 경운작업을 생략하고 전작물 고추의 식물체는 지제부를 절단하여 분해되도록 고랑을 피복하였으며, 고추 포기와 포기 사이에 무경운으로 고추를 정식하여 시험을 수행하였다. 고추 정식 전 7월 30일에 경운 시험포에 10a당 29톤의 물을 관수하였으며, 무경운 시험포에는 10a당 48톤의 물을 관수하고, 관수 2일 후 시험포의 습도와 이랑에 발생되는 균열수를 조사하였다. 이랑의 수분함량은 표토 0.23%, 토양 30cm 깊이의 수분함량은 0.18%로 경운방법에 따라서 차이가 없었으나 토양 20cm 깊이의 수분함량은 경운은 0.25%, 무경운은 0.14%로 경운재배 토양에 비하여 뿌리의 주요 분포지역인 작토층의 수분함량이 44% 정도 낮았다. 그리고 경운재배 이랑에서는 7~35cm 정도 되는 균열이 m당 22개정도 발생되었으나 무경운에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 시설 토양의 생물다양성 지표가 되는 미소동물의 분포를 조사한(9월 16일) 결과 경운재배 토양에서는 보리톡톡기 등 8종 97개체가, 무경운 토양에서는 10종 101개체가 포획되었다. 경운 방법에 따른 시설 유기재배 고추의 수확과수는 주당 139~141과, 수량은 1,367~1,431g/주가 수확되고 10a당 수량은 경운재배가 2,790kg, 무경운재배는 2,666kg이 생산되어 경운방법에 따른 수량 차는 인정되지 않았다. 경운방법에 따른 경영비를 분석한 결과 무경운은 경운재배에 비하여 10a당 유기질 비료비 178천원, 대농구상각비 211천원, 노력비 261천원의 절감으로 경운재배 경영비 4,815천원/10a 대비 약 14%의 경영비가 절감되었다. 그리고 작기마다 반복되는 경운작업과 관수시설, 멀칭, 지주설치 작업을 1회 설치 작업으로 연속사용이 가능하여 시설재배에서 가장 고통스러운 악성노동의 회피가 가능하였다.