• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.73
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• pp.361-384
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• 2018

This paper aims to introduce Park Seon-su's ShuowenJiezi YIzheng from the perspective of Epigraphy, and incorporate it into the fields of Korean Epigraphy. Korean Epigraphy, which now categorized as a study since Kim Jeong-hee's powerful work in 19th century, can be listed either by studies published before and after Kim Jeong-hee's and by name of influential writers who have successfully presented each study and strive for the development of Korean Epigraphy. Earlier studies show that Korean Epigraphy has more books of data collection rather than the books of research on the epigraph. Regardless of the nationality of the author, all books containing Korean epigraph were counted as Korean Epigraphy, and those books made for religious reasons were not excluded from Korean Epigraphy as well. This indicates how wide the scope of Korean Epigraphy is. In this The reason Park Seon-su's research is ignored at present time, which was assessed as excellent in the late Chosun Dynasty, may come from lack of understanding on the ShuowenJiezi YIzheng. His book, ShuowenJiezi YIzheng, focuses on graphology but more broadly it includes translation of Epigraph and Epigraphy which leads to interpretation of scriptures. Such Park- Seonsu's great work must be presented in Korean Epigraphy studies to broaden its scope, also it is important to look for yet unfound pieces on the fields of Epigraphy.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.493-503
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• 2022

With the rise of epigraphy and textology, and the emerge of many famous outstanding clerical script masters, Qing Dynasty becomes another important innovation period in the development of the clerical script. Jin Nong and Yi Bingshou are two important clerical script masters in the Qing Dynasty. Thus, researches on the courses of their careers as well as a comparative study between these two calligraphers, Jin Nong and Yi Bing, are specially important. The comparative study of Jinnong and Yibingshou's clerical script is a relatively new subject, which is entered from the angel of comparative perspective between their clerical scripts works. Through an in-depth research on different inheritance routes, which are origin from Han Dynasty clerical scripts, of Jin Nong and Yibingshou, it is found that these two calligraphers are different in innovation of clerical script style, theory of calligraphy and of clerical script practice. This paper focuses on a comparative study of the different clerical theories and clerical script works between Han Dynasty, Jinnong and Yi Bingshou. A comparative study of clerical script works of Jin Nong and Yibingshou in Qing Dynasty provides a more comprehensive and in-depth understanding on these two calligraphers; meanwhile, it provides valuable learning paths for later calligrapher in the field of clerical script, and can be regarded as references in the innovation of the official script style.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.107-117
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• 2019

This paper establishes and propagates the value of the play through the study of the transition process of the yesan play from 1920 to the present, presents an alternative through the unique theatricality of the region and aims to activate it. The theater divided the theater into Yecheon, Chungnam Theater Festival, and Youth Theater Festival, which are currently active, and focused on Yedang International Performing Arts Festival, which is the only one in Yesan. The details of the performance due to the loss of data were not specified as much as possible, but the contents of the yesan play before 1990 were reviewed using the eupji and Myeonji. It also starts with a lack of diversity in plays in the developing direction of Yesan. Children's plays should be dismissed for simple commercial purposes, or the value of traditional Korean plays should be compared to Western ones, to promote the development of local plays through the natural characteristics and the basis of traditional culture, and to sustain the continuity of extreme economic performance and performances through the development of repertoires. Infrastructure deployment can be cited. The in flow of specialized actors and the use of art administrators creates a stable theater environment and activates the reeducation of local actors to promote theatrical imagination. It is also an urgent task to develop a new theatrical form by introducing experimental theatrical methods of young artists in the overseas performance business of theater troupe Yechon. Finally, Yedang International Performing Arts Festival should be characterized and differentiated from other festivals.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.28
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• pp.387-415
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• 2010

This article examines Zhu Xi(朱熹)'s theory of I-Qing(易經) present in Yi Xue Qi Meng. Zhu Xi aims to establish a novel Confucian theory of I-Qing, examining the study of I-Qing in Han Dynasity and the Taoist theory of I-Qing. To this end, he embraces Shao Yong(邵雍)'s theory of Xian Tian. Adapting the notion of Xian Tian(先天) as developed by Shao, he completes the Image-Number(象數) Theory of Hetu-Luoshu(河圖洛書). While discussing Hetu Luoshu, Zhu Xi argues that the Image and Number are not merely a form of prognostication, but a medium that reveals the principles of the nature and the sagely ways of mind. In addition, by studing I-Zhuan(易傳) in authoring Yi Xue Qi Meng, Zhu Xi maintains that the notions of Image and Number as he understands were to be approved by Confucius. This leads to the unification of Sho Yong's Tai-Ji(太極), Zou Dun Yi(周 敦頤)'s Tai-Ji, and Tai-Ji in Hetu. Through this work, Zhu Xi attempts to construct a systematic philosophy that straddles ontology and value theory, while identifying Li (理) with Xiang (象) and Shu (數). The Image-Number Theory of Hetu-Luoshu has replaced numerous theories of Image and Number at the time of Zhu Xi. Based on this theory, he restores the method of divination as presented in Xi CI Zhuan(繫辭傳). By successfully applying his theory of Image and Number to interpreting a number of recorded examples of divination during the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Zhu Xi demonstrates that his theory is not only an abstract metaphysical theory, but also can function as an adaptable method of divination.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.863-901
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• 2019

This paper deals with the process of developing a traditional culture content based on the historical spread of Jajimu, an ethnic dance of ancient Tashkent(Chach), to Tang China and then to Goryeo in Korean peninsula. Jajimu as a solo dance form was a very enegetic dance form that reflects the dynamic nature of namadic life, and it enjoyed high popularity in Tang China due to its exotic style after the 8th century A.D. Later, it gave a birth to a derivative duet dance form called Ssangjaji or Guljaji, an highly sophisticated elegant court dance item that reflects the aesthetic taste of Tang China. Further, the Ssangjaji was flowed into Georyeo around in the 11th century or earlier, and was transformed into a Korean court dance while renaming it as Yeonhwadae that means 'lotus pedestal'. I tried the production of a special performance which displys those three dance forms on same stage to demonstrate the historical connection of ancient Asian dance. It was not easy to restore the music, dance and costume of Jajimu and Ssangjaji because of limited historical materials whereas those of Korean Yeonhwadae have been well preserved and transmitted owing to old dance and music notation system. A large amount of audio, visual materials were collected and analysed to overcome those limits, and its result was utilized efficiently for the production. The final performance was the culmination of long preparation process for 11 months in 2015. In spite of some limits, this project has a historical meaning in the point that it was the first trial of same kind in the world.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.1216-1220
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• 2009

Purpose:To analyze and compare various cases in which peritoneal drainage was used as the primary treatment method in preterm infants with intestinal perforation. Methods:Among the preterm infants of less than 28 weeks of gestation who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at the Gangnam Severance Hospital from April 2006 to April 2009, 7 who had developed intestinal perforation were studied retrospectively. We investigated the clinical characteristics, secondary operation performances, morbidities, complications, and mortalities. Results:Among the 7 infants, 5 survived. Of the 5 cases, 3 received laparotomy, of which 2 were confirmed as having necrotizing enterocolitis. Of the 2 infants who died, 1 had received laparotomy before 48 h of peritoneal drainage, while the other had not received any subsequent treatment. Of the 7 children, 4 had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), of which 3 had received indomethacin injection. Five infants had begun enteral feeding before they developed intestinal perforation. Of the 5 infants who survived, 4 were diagnosed with cholestasis. Of the 7 infants, 4 developed periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and 3 developed rickets. Conclusion:Although the use of peritoneal drainage as the primary management of intestinal perforation in preterm infants is controversial, we suggest that it can be used for treating extreme premature neonates. Further randomized controlled study will be required to determine the feasibility of using this method.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.33
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• pp.31-53
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• 2013

In the early twentieth century, history of animation began by modern artists, they produced various experimental images with the newly invented film and cameras. Artists in the field of movie, photography, paintings and others manipulated images in motion. But as some animated movies won industrial success and popularity, they became the trend but experimental style of early animation preserved by so-called non-mainstreamers or experimental animators, counteracting commercialism. Disney animation also followed the trend by applying realistic Hollywood film style, the worse critics placed a low value on the animation and it tarnished the image, although it was profitable investment from a business standpoint. To make images realistic, they opened a drawing class that animators developed skills to imitate motions and forms from subjects in real life. Also some techniques and gizmos were used to mimic and simulate three dimensional objects and spaces, multiplane camera and compositing 3D CG images with 2D drawings. Moreover, they brought animation stories from fairly tales or folk tales, and Walt's personal interest in live-action movies, they applied Hollywood-film-like narratives and realistic visual, and harsh criticism ensued. On the surface early disney animations' potential seems to be weakened, but in reality it still exists by simplifying and exaggerating forms and color as modern arts. Disney animation employs concepts of the modernism paintings such as simplified shapes and colors to a character design, when their characters are placed together in a scene, that visual elements cause mental reaction. This modification gives a new internal experience to audiences. As conceptual colors in abstract paintings make images appeared to be flat, coloring characters with no shading make them look flat and comparing to them, background images are also appeared to be flat. On top of that, multi-perspective at background images recalls modernist paintings. This essay goes in details with the animation pioneers' works and how Disney animation developed its techniques to emulate real life and analyses color schemes, forms, and spaces in Disney animation compared with modern artists' works, in that the visual language of Disney animation reminds of impression from abstract paintings in the beginning of the twentieth centuries.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.95-105
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• 2013

This study on circular identifying purposes was performed of Youngbeokji space located in Seongnagwon(Scenic Sites No.35). Through the data acquisition of 3D high precision, such as the surrounding terrain of the Youngbeokji. The results of this study is summarized like the following. First, the purpose of the stone structures and structure within the Youngbeokji search is an important clue to find that earlier era will be a prototype. 3D scan method of enforcement is searching the whole structure, including the surrounding terrain and having the easy way. Second, the measurement results are as follows. Department of bedrock surveyed from South to North was measured by 7,665mm. From East to West was measured at 7,326mm. The size of the stone structures, $1,665mm{\times}1,721mm$ in the form of a square. Its interior has a diameter of 1, 664mm of hemispherical form. In the lower portion of the rock masses in the South to the North, has fallen out of the $1,006mm{\times}328mm$ scale traces were discovered. Third, the Youngbeokji recorded in the internal terrain Multiresolution approach. After working with the scanner and scan using the scan data, broadband, to merge. Polygon Data conversion to process was conducted and mash as fine scan data are converted to process data. High resolution photos obtained through the creation of 3D terrain data overlap and the final result. Fourthly, as a result of this action, stone structure West of the waterway back outgoing times oil was confirmed. Bangjiwondo is estimated to be seokji of structure hydroponic facility confirmed will artificially carved in the bedrock. As a result of this and the previous situation of the 1960s could compare data was created. This study provides 3D precision ordnance through the acquisition of the data. Excavations at the circle was able to preserve in perpetuity as digital data. In the future, this data is welcome to take a wide variety of professionals. This is the purpose of this is to establish foundations and conservation management measures will be used. In addition, The new ease of how future research and 3D scan unveiled in the garden has been used in the study expect.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.739-751
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• 2015

This study investigated the table settings used in Bul-chun-wi sacrificial rituals in Sangju, Gyeongpook Province. This study took place from May 2014 to April 2015 and incorporated field research and literature review. The subjects of the study were Sojae jongga (family head), Wolgan jongga, Ubook jongga and Ipjae jongga. There were four rows in the table setting of the Wolgan, whereas there were five rows in the other jonggas. In row 5, there were fruits, seeds and confections. In row 4, there were vegetables. In row 3, there was tang (stew); in row 2, juk (steamed meats or fishes) and pyun (rice cake); and in row 1, meh (boiled rice), geng (soup) and myun (noodles). The common food setting was arranged in the order of meh, geng, myun, ganjang (Korean soy sauce), poh (dried meat/fish), chimchae (water kimchi), dates, chestnuts, pears, persimmons, walnuts, bracken, bellflowers, croaker, pyun, and ssam (rice wrapped in lettuce leaves). Ubook jongga had the most number of stews at seven. Sojae and Ipjae jongga each had five stews, and Wolgan jongga had three. The smaller Wolgan jongga had gehjuk (boiled chicken), uhjuk (steamed fish) and yookjuk (boiled meat) arranged in a neat pile on one dish used for rituals, whereas Ubook jongga had gehjuk, uhjuk and yookjuk arranged separately. Sojae and Ipjae jongga had gehjuk arranged separately while yookjuk and uhjuk were arranged as dojuk (gehjuk, uhjuk, yookjuk). The uhjuk was arranged separately. In Wolgan jongga, po was arranged on the right while in the other jonggas, it was arranged to the left. For raw meat Ubook jongga, raw mackerel; Ipjae jongga, raw croaker, and Sojae jongga Yukhoe (beef tartare) were set. However, pork, chicken and croaker were cooked. Other ritual food were used in seasoning and boiling. In the geng Wolgan and Ipjae jongga used miyeokguk (seawood soup), whereas Sojae and Ubook jongga used tangguk (meat soup with vegetables). For the ritual food, most jongga ordered yoogwa, yakgwa and bonpyun as one part, rice cakes (steamed rice cake, glutinous rice cake, jeungpyun, gyungdan), and jehju (alcohol). The other ritual food was prepared on the day by jongga.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.36
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• pp.139-176
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• 2013

It is believed that the Koryo dynasty era is the period which has very special meaning with regard to the history of the VIP guard system. The guard system in the early Koryo dynasty time focused on the official protection for kings and their families with absolute royal authority. On the contrary, the guard system in the late Koryo dynasty time, especially military regime period, conducted providing private protection for military rulers and increasing their power. The official guard troops named 2Gun6Wii became just perfunctory organizations at that time. That is the reason why this study develops the discussion only about the guard system of the early Koryo time. The official VIP guard organizations under the government structure of the early Koryo period were Naegoonbu, Byeongbu and Joongchoowon. This study particularly reviewed the Joongchoowon with thorough research. In the meantime, the guard organizations under the military chart of the early Koryo period were 2Gun6Wii, Gonghakgoon, Geonryonggun and so on. 2Gun consisted of ungyanggun and yonghogun. They were the royal bodyguards. This study especially tried to review the substance of the Gonghakgoon, Geonryonggun with different point of view from other theories. The Gumowwii, one of 6 Wii, conducted many official duties such as royal palace protection, capital city Gaesung defence, area patrols, criminal apprehension and disturbance prevention. It also accomplished crowd control and convoy mission at the streets to respond emergency cases while carrying out VIP protection roles for kings and Chinese diplomats. Many bibliographies verified that the Chunwoowii was the royal bodyguards which helped kings during state ceremonies and grand meetings held by kings. Consequentially, it is true that this study discovered, analyzed and evaluated various references and research materials related with the guard system. It is meaningful that this study newly reviewed the organizations and functions of the guard system as one structure.