• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.16 no.6_2
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• pp.83-88
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• 2016

Over recent years there has been considerable growth in interest in the use of biometric systems for personal authentication. Biometrics is a field of technology which has been and is being used in the identification of individuals based on some physical attribute. By using biometrics, authentication is directly linked to the person, rather than their token or password. Biometric authentication is a type of system that relies on the unique biological characteristics of individuals to verify identity for secure access to electronic systems. In 2013, Althobati et al. proposed an efficient remote user authentication protocol using biometric information. However, we uncovered Althobati et al.'s protocol does not guarantee its main security goal of mutual authentication. We showed this by mounting threat of data integrity and bypassing the gateway node attack on Althobati et al.'s protocol. In this paper, we propose an improved scheme to overcome these security weaknesses by storing secret data in device. In addition, our proposed scheme should provide not only security, but also efficiency since sensors in WSN(Wireless Sensor Networks) operate with resource constraints such as limited power, computation, and storage space.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.11-16
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• 2015

We present a system for generating 3D personalized figures. This system provides 3D figures model modification and combination functions based on the content-awareness. The integrity of the 3D model must be guaranteed at the time of slicing of the 3D model for 3D printing. In addition to this, with 3D printing, we generally have to print a hollow model in order to save money, time, and the integrity of the print. This paper proposes the automatic algorithm that creates the 3D individual figures with depth sensor and the easy UI functions for deformation, thickness adjustment, and combination of the generated 3D figures model based on the content-awareness. Our proposed method maintains the unique features of the generated 3D figures and ensures the successful 3D printing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.737-743
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• 2011

Service robots are equipped with various sensors such as vision camera, sonar sensor, laser scanner, and microphones. Although these sensors have their own functions, some of them can be made to work together and perform more complicated functions. AudioFvisual fusion is a typical and powerful combination of audio and video sensors, because audio information is complementary to visual information and vice versa. Human beings also mainly depend on visual and auditory information in their daily life. In this paper, we conduct two studies using audioFvision fusion: one is on enhancing the performance of sound localization, and the other is on improving robot attention through sound localization and face detection.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.381-391
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• 2017

Biometric technology is a technology for authenticating a user using the physical or behavioral features of the inherent characteristics of the individual. With the necessity and efficiency of the technology in the fields of finance, security, access control, medical welfare, inspection, and entertainment, the service range has been expanding. Biometrics using biometric information such as fingerprints and faces have been exposed to counterfeit and disguised threats and become a social problem. Recent studies using a bio-signal from the inside of the body other than the bio-information of the external body are being developed. This paper analyzes the recent research and technology of biometric systems using bio-signals, ECG, heart sounds, EEG, and EMG to present the skills needed for the development direction. In the future, utilizing the deep learning to build and analyze database to manage bio-signal based big data for the complex condition of individuals, biometrics technologies suitable for real time environment are expected to be researched.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.7-11
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• 2019

Due to diversification and popularization of devices that use rapid transmission, there are many security issues related to radio waves. As the disturbance and interference of the radio wave can cause a direct inconvenience to a life, it is a very important issue. In this paper, as a means to prevent radio disturbance and interference, the projected image of the reference grid and the deformed grid is obtained by measuring the projected $moir{\acute{e}}$ using the white light source, projecting grid and the light source, and a $moir{\acute{e}}$ pattern is generated with an image processing algorithm by applying a phase diagram algorithm, and generated $moir{\acute{e}}$ pattern phase diagram creates a three-dimensional shape. By making an encrypted token using this measured face shape, the transmission of the information through token ring is determined in order to transmit the horizontal transmission having the dynamic security characteristics which includes authentication strength and caller information, etc. And by confirming the uniqueness of the token and by sending and receiving the horizontal transmission using java serialization and deserialization function, a problem solving method is suggested.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 2003

The Principal component analysis (PCA) is a well-known data analysis method that is useful in linear feature extraction and data compression. The PCA is a linear transformation that applies an orthogonal rotation to the original data, so as to maximize the retained variance. PCA is a classical technique for obtaining an optimal overall mapping of linearly dependent patterns of correlation between variables (e.g. neurons). PCA provides, in the mean-squared error sense, an optimal linear mapping of the signals which are spread across a group of variables. These signals are concentrated into the first few components, while the noise, i.e. variance which is uncorrelated across variables, is sequestered in the remaining components. PCA has been used extensively to resolve temporal patterns in neurophysiological recordings. Because the retinal signal is stochastic process, PCA can be used to identify the retinal spikes. With excised rabbit eye, retina was isolated. A piece of retina was attached with the ganglion cell side to the surface of the microelectrode array (MEA). The MEA consisted of glass plate with 60 substrate integrated and insulated golden connection lanes terminating in an 8${\times}$8 array (spacing 200 $\mu$m, electrode diameter 30 $\mu$m) in the center of the plate. The MEA 60 system was used for the recording of retinal ganglion cell activity. The action potentials of each channel were sorted by off­line analysis tool. Spikes were detected with a threshold criterion and sorted according to their principal component composition. The first (PC1) and second principal component values (PC2) were calculated using all the waveforms of the each channel and all n time points in the waveform, where several clusters could be separated clearly in two dimension. We verified that PCA-based waveform detection was effective as an initial approach for spike sorting method.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2016

Recently, it has been reported that morphologically and genetically different two Siberian roe deer (Capreolus pygargus, Pallas, 1771), in Mainland and in Jeju island. Until now, this roe deer has not been clearly taxonomy of Siberian roe deer in Korean peninsula. So, the aim of this study was to compare the skull morphometrics of mainland and Jeju roe deer to obtain more information on the species status of C. pygargus and study the distribution of roe deer subspecies in this region. A total of 50 skulls of adult roe deer was compared and analyzed. The maximum skull length, condylo-basal length, basilar length, maximum skull width, cheek-bone width, interorbital width, rostrum length, length of upper tooth row from the Siberian roe deer in Jeju island were significantly smaller than those of the deer in mainland. Length of the skull was the principal factor of interpopulational variability in roe deer. Variation was not distributed along latitude, longitude, or elevation, but those factors did influence the variation through effects on primary production, which in turn caused isolated differences in skull morphology apparently related to types of forage selected by roe deer in various geographic areas. According to the analysis results of the skull characters, Mainland roe deer was more similar to C. p. tianschanicus which is a subspecies of Siberian roe deer. In addition, Jeju roe deer showed distinct differences compared to European roe deer, 3 subspecies of Siberian roe deer, so it appeared that they could be a unique native species inhabited only in Jeju Island. Because Siberian roe deer in Jeju Island can be classified at subspecies level in this study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.265-274
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• 2012

This study aims to examine the physical language of dance art's acceptability of the discourse method of story-telling as a narrative discourse system from the view of story-telling of cultural contents. Dance, through the establishment of relationship between dancers and stage art, can form a discourse system with various literary devices including figures of speech, metaphors, and symbols. The argument over manifestation of dance's narrative components in the concept of story-telling is shown as follows; the background as an object can offer time and spatial backgrounds through stage art and the dancers' performance elements; and, for the character, the dancer himself can be the first-person-narrator and possibly makes plane personality descriptions. As for the elements of main affairs of dance, the stage art components present the background of primary motif of incident and the dancer's diverse relationships form conflicts through the correlation of solo dance, duet, and group dance. The plot as a process of developing the main affair is led by actant such as the dancer's mime actions, gestures, facial expressions, etc. The element of dance's revealing narration is the dance art itself and the developing structure of narration is the dance language's own grammar. Choreographers should compose persuasive dance texts to convey stories efficiently through character decisions, their actions, stage art's elements that display the time and spatial backgrounds, and the development of plot, as a narrative discourse of dance.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.198-221
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• 2009

Royal tombs of Joseon dynasty are the crystallization of history, ideology, culture, art, architecture, and ritual ceremony of Joseon dynasty, all mingled in one. So, they are very significant symbols showing 500 years of dynastic history as a whole. Among various factors comprising a royal tomb, stone figures surrounding grave mound are special factors as a symbol protecting it. Further among them, twelve zodiac images arrayed nearest to the grave mound represent the core of the function. Images of twelve zodiac signs originated from the tombs of the Unified Silla Kingdom are certain to hold important role and position in the construction of royal tombs, judging from huge scale and excellent sculptural art of them. However, both their scale and form had been gradually simplified in Goryeo and Joseon dynasty, thus the importance of them has been underestimated compared to other stone figures Images of twelve zodiac signs were very important factors which decorated royal tombs both as a protective role and as a concept of direction. Their historicity and symbolism cannot be neglected in that they had been transmitted to the royal tombs of Joseon dynasty. In this paper, images of twelve zodiac signs expressed in the royal tombs of Joseon dynasty are classified into 3 forms, and reviewed the origin and development of them for each period. They could be classified into 3 forms ; civil vassals with human body and head, civil vassals with human body and head wearing hat decorated with zodiac animals, Chinese characters of either zodiac signs or either a combination of 10 calendar signs and 8 trigrams. The above 3 forms originated from China and became a favorite motif to decorate the royal tombs from early Joseon period until late Joseon by replacing each other and thus changing along the course of the dynasty. In the meantime, we can see a unique character in the images of twelve zodiac signs of royal tombs of Joseon dynasty. In some cases, 24 directions are expressed in which 10 calender signs and 8 trigrams are composed altogether. Images of twelve zodiac signs in the royal bombs of Joseon dynasty are very significant as evidences by which we can confirm uniqueness and tradition of Korean tomb system transmitted from Unified Silla period.