• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2006

The ionic-polymer-metal-composite actuators have the best merit for bio-mimetic locomotion because of their large bending performance. Especially, they have the advantage for mimicking a fish-like motion because IPMCs are useful to be actuated in water. So we have developed IPMC actuators with multiple electrodes for realization of biomimetic motion. Generally, the IPMC actuator has been fabricated in electroless plating technique, while it needs very long fabrication time and shows poor repeatability in the actuation performance owing to the variables in chemical fabrication process. Therefore, the novel fabrication methods were investigated by combining electroless plating and electroplating techniques capable of patterning precisely. On the whole, two different methods were compared and analyzed with similar thickness level of Platinum electrodes. Present results show that mixing chemical reduction and electroplating can be a promising candidate for electrode patterning.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1558-1562
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• 2008

Ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC), one of Electro- Active Polymer (EAP) actuators, has great attention due to the low-voltage driven, large deformation and its potential for artificial muscles. In this paper, we firstly review fish swimming modes using various propulsion mechanisms. Based on study on the swimming mechanisms, we develop an underwater robot actuator which mimics fanning motion of webfoot form. It consists of four actuators fabricated by using IPMC and PDMS which mimics Bio-inspired motion Experiments using a prototype show that the webfooted IPMC actuator generates large deformation and propulsion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.24-30
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• 2008

The laminate IPMC actuator have been developed with a commercial Nafion film and platinum electrodes. Equivalent beam and equivalent bimorph beam models for IPMC(Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite) actuators are described. By using a beam equation with estimated physical properities and actuation displacements of a cantilevered IPMC actuator are estimated. And Finite element analysis(FEA) was done by ANSYS.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.711-716
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• 2010

New electroluminescent polymers with fluoro groups in vinylene units, poly(m-silylphenyl-p-phenylene-difluorovinylene) (m-SiP-PPDFV) have been synthesized by GILCH polymerization. These polymers have been used as the electroluminescent (EL) layers in single layer light-emitting diodes (LEDs) (ITO/PEDOT/polymer/Ca:Al). m-SiP-PPDFV shows PL around $\lambda_{max}$ = 452 nm and green EL around $\lambda_{max}$ = 497 nm. The current-voltage-luminance (I-V-L) characteristics of the polymers show turn-on voltages of 4.0 V approximately. Two fluoro groups were introduced on every vinylene units of m-SiP-PPV to give m-SiP-PPDFV in an attempt to increase the electron affinity of the parent polymer, and the devices show an increased color stability even with vinylene units. The color stability is attributed to the electron-withdrawing effect of the fluoro groups, which protect vinylene units from oxidation in PPV derivatives. We believe that fluoro groups can be introduced in vinylene units in order to attain excellent stability of PPV derivatives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.66-66
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• 2010

$SnO_2$ 나노선은 n-type 반도체 특성을 띄며 트랜지스터, 가스 센서, pH 센서 등 여러 분야에 걸쳐 다양하게 사용되고 있다. $SnO_2$ 나노선은 그 자체만으로 시계방향의 전기적 히스테리시스를 보이며 이것은 나노선 표면에 흡착된 물이나 산소가 발생시키는 전자 갇힘 현상이 가장 큰 원인으로 작용한다. 특히 고분자를 게이트 절연막으로 사용할 경우 게이트 절연막의 전기적 히스테리시스가 소자 특성에 영향을 미치게 되며, 고분자 절연막의 히스테리시스는 $SnO_2$ 나노선의 히스테리시스와 반대인 반시계 방향의 특성을 보인다. 고분자 내에서 발생하는 히스테리시스는 고분자 사이에 흡착된 물 분자나 고분자의 높은 극성을 가지는 작용기 등이 원인으로 작용한다. 전기적 히스테리시스는 FET소자를 구동하는데 있어 부적절한 특성으로, 이것의 원인을 이해하는 것은 중요하며 히스테리시스의 방향과 크기를 조절할 수 있는 기술 또한 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 폴리이미드(PMDA-ODA)를 게이트 절연막으로 사용하여 플렉시블 기판을 만들고 그 위에 $SnO_2$ 나노선을 슬라이딩 전이 방식으로 정렬하여 플렉시블 FET를 제작하였다. 제작된 소자는 $0.7cm\;{\times}\;0.7cm$ 넓이 안에 300개의 FET가 존재하며 SEM 이미지를 통해 넓이 $50{\mu}m$, 길이 $5{\mu}m$의 FET채널에 약 150개의 나노선이 연결되어 있는 것을 확인했다. 이 소자의 히스테리시스는 폴리이미드의 교차결합 정도에 따라, 그리고 폴리이미드 절연막을 제작할 때의 습도에 따라 변하게 된다. 교차결합이 많아지고 습도가 낮아질수록 폴리이미드 절연막 내부에 흡착되는 물분자가 줄어들게 되고 절연막의 히스테리시스가 사라지며 시계방향의 나노선 히스테리시스가 지배적이 된다. 반대로 교차결합이 줄어들고 습도가 높아질수록 폴리이미드 절연막 내부에 물분자가 늘어 나면서 시계반대방향의 폴리이미드 히스테리시스가 FET의 전기적 특성에서 눈에 띄게 나타난다. 이 실험을 통해 고분자 절연막을 사용한 $SnO_2$ 나노선 FET의 전기적 히스테리시스를 조절할 수 있었으며, 소자의 히스테리시스를 없앨 수 있는 가능성에 대해서 논하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 2001.02a
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• pp.212-213
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• 2001

액정은 낮은 전압에서 액정 방향자의 변화에 따른 굴절률 변조를 일으키고 가시광과 근적외선 파장에서 큰 투과도를 가지고 있어 특히 디스플레이 등의 소자에 널리 이용되고 있다. 그러나 현재 액정만을 이용한 디스플레이 등의 응용제품들은 응답속도, 구동특성으로 인해 대화면 구동이 곤란하고 편광판의 사용으로 시야각은 물론 빛 손실량이 크다는 단점과 광변조기로의 응용에 있어서는 큰 파장의존성이 있어 다중 파장의 빛 조절이 어렵고, 또한 입사편광을 왜곡한다는 단점을 가지고 있다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1234-1241
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• 2011

In this work the potential, and the perspectives of the dielectric elastomer actuator are overviewed briefly. As an exemplary work, we introduce a novel contractile artificial muscle actuator based on Synthetic Elastomer(SE). SE is the name of new dielectric elastomer material we have developed and its synthesis procedures and evaluations are described in the first. The contractile artificial muscle actuator is made by stacking the actuator unit one by one along the in thickness direction and finished up by bonding the multi-stacked actuator. Its possibility for the robotic actuator is discussed and demonstrated via experiments.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1254-1258
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• 2007

Electro-active polymer (EAP), one of the smart materials, is a new alternative offering ultra-precise movements and bio-compatibility. We present the results of the design, fabrication, and performance evaluation of a fabricated diaphragm-type polymer actuator using segmented polyurethane(SPU). This paper illustrates the relationship between the elastic modulus and maximum deflection as a key property of the Maxwell stress effect and also presents the relationship between the dielectric constant and maximum deflection as a key property of the electrostriction effect, especially in polymer actuators using SPU. A diaphragm-type actuator was used to induce an equation of the vertically distributed load by using a fully clamped circular plate as the boundary condition. To verify the equation, the results were compared to the data measured from load cell. In the near future, a low-cost check valves and bio-robot can be applied by its actuators.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.1271-1279
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• 2004

A new bio-mimetic actuator is proposed. The actuator realizes bidirectional actuation since it is with a stretched film antagonistically configured with compliant electrodes. Also, it is distinguished from existing actuators with respect to the controllability of its compliance. Bidirectional actuation and compliance controllability are important characteristics for the artificial muscle actuator and the proposed one accomplishes these requirements without any mechanical substitute or complicated algorithms. In this paper its basic concepts and working principles are introduced with static and dynamic analysis. Control strategies for displacement as well as stiffness are introduced and experimental results are given to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods. In addition, an example of robotic actuating devices is given to confirm the usefulness of the proposed actuator.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2011

From recent research, it has revealed that Electroacitve polymer(EAP) has a physical limitation. Carbon nanotube(CNT) is known as the promising material which has excellent electro-mechanical characteristics and is mostly defect-free. It is expected that a successful synthesis of CNT and Nafion known as a primary material for IPMC would make a great improvement on its electro-mechanic feature. In this paper, we suggest the method of synthesis of CNT with Nafion which improves electro-mechanical characteristic. Using mechanical dispersion with Nafion and Isopropyl Alcohol(IPA), we disperse Single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNT). For a uniformly layer of CNT, we used a spray gun on a hot plate by a simplified method. In the result, we fabricated a disperse SWCNT/Nafion composite uniformly.