• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2013

The Honolulu Strategy is a framework document to address marine debris issue globally. The Fifth International Marine Debris Conference held in March 2011 and organized by NOAA and UNEP catalyzed the development of the Holonulu Strategy. Goals of the Strategy are to reduce the amount and impact of land-based, sea-based, and accumulated marine debris. A set of strategies for each goal were provided for education and awareness, legislation, and alternative technologies. The Strategy also lists indicators that could be used to evaluate outcomes of strategies. The adoption of the Honolulu Strategy by the international community has led the international organizations such as GPA, IMO, and CBD to strengthen their responses to the marine debris issue. UN has also set up specific actions that will be implemented until 2025 through its resolutions on marine debris. Recent global developments related to the marine debris issue might lead to a change in the character of the international marine debris management from the current soft law regime to a mandatory one. The Honolulu Strategy could provide a guideline when the Korean government formulates the Second Basic Plan for Marine Debris Management, especially with its prevention-oriented approaches, utilization of scientific policy development tools, and adoption of evaluation system using performance indicators.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.109-118
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• 2017

The study examines whether there is support for undergraduate students of Department of NCOs leadership needs and self-perceived any casualty, the purpose being placed to identify the cause-and effect relationship between student's behavior and these self-appointed leadership needs parameters. To study this end, the men and women college students Military major in Busan district using the convenience of the student sample extraction to extract the 362 students. Setting the model to achieve the object of the study, and then through a structural equation model (SEM) were studies a causal relationship among variables. Result on the basis of the research study model verification method as described above what is derived from this study were as follows. First, self-leadership is confirmed in the career planning of clarity on the impact of career beliefs centered strategies(+) target-oriented strategy(+), and independent self-reliance, check-centered strategies(+), constructive thinking strategies(+), ERA=centric strategy(+), in the natural course flexibility, compensation strategies(+), constructive thinking strategies(+) improve professional skills appeared to affect the check-centered strategies(+), ERA-centered strategies(+). Second, self-leadership is general satisfaction at the impact of major satisfaction natural reward strategies(+), the curriculum meets the natural reward strategies(+) target-oriented strategy(+) recognition satisfy the natural reward strategies(+) target-oriented strategy(+) appeared to affect this. Third, career beliefs Major General satisfaction in the impact on satisfaction Career Planning Clarity(+), an independent self-reliance(+), career flexibility(+)improve professional skills(+), the curriculum satisfies independent self-reliance(+), career flexibility(+) improve professional skills(+), the self-satisfied recognized independent trust(+), career flexibility(+), career planning clarity(+) it appeared to influence this.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.212-224
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• 2017

This study was conducted in order to raise a question regarding limitations of career guidance as career guidance programs for university students are limited to career planning and preparation and fail to deal with career management after being employed. Accordingly, it investigated the effects of career maturity, which is mainly studied among university students, on protean career attitude and effects of protean career attitude on subjective career success. To that end, this study built a research model based on the effects of career maturity and protean career attitude on subjective career success of university students and analyzed data collected from 273 university students based on the research model. The result showed that career maturity of university students had positive effects on their protean career attitude. Especially, in career maturity, planning and independence had significant effects on protean career attitude. However, in career maturity attitude, attitude toward work had negative effects. Also, protean career attitude of university students had significant effects on subjective career success. This study aimed to explain the relationship between career of university students and relevant behaviors and perception by clarifying the structural relationship among planning, independence, attitude toward work, protean career attitude, and subjective career success. Based on the results of this study, it was suggested that career management theory should be newly introduced into career guidance program of university students.

• Journal of Appropriate Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2020

For the successful execution of an ODA project, it is necessary to know what areas are weak and necessary to the country of demand exactly. The health sector is also a top priority in most of developing countries. This study was carried out to introduce non-communicable disease (NCD) in Fiji for ODA projects planning. The major causes of death in Fiji in 2016 are diabetes, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, lower respiratory infect, asthma in ranking. The major causes of death in Korea in same year are cancer, ischemic heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, pneumonia, suicide, diabetes in the order of ranking. The chronic disease as non-communicable disease (NCD) has been increasing continuously due to changes in lifestyle and consumption patterns and population aging in prevalence rate. This global trend is also apparent in Fiji and Korea, reflected in increasing mortality and personal costs for the treatment and management of NCD. The need for a sustained comprehensive treatment tailored for individual patients has suggested from many studies and the development of a systematic program to manage NCD patients to provide such care have been recommended. The Fiji government developed Non-communicable Diseases Strategic Plan 2015-2019 and has tried to reduce the prevalence rate of non-communicable diseases by factors. The WHO global action plan guiding national-level NCD policies requires an NCD prevention and control model at the community level, presenting strategic goals and detailed options for the introduction and application of the approach to communities. It is necessary to develop an NCD prevention and control model, consisting of a strategy of community intervention, education for students and NCD patients, and the legal enactment of NCD that adequately meets the needs of community members.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2020.06a
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• pp.368-368
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• 2020

최근 초대형화 되어 나타나고 있는 이상홍수와 지진 등에 의한 저수지 붕괴와 같은 대규모 비상상황 발생으로 하류지역 주민의 생명과 재산의 피해가 발생하고 있다. 국내의 경우 1996년 이후로 지속적으로 발생하고 있는 이상홍수로 인해 1998년에는 40개,1999년에는 5개의 소규모 저수지가 붕괴되었으며 최근 2013년과 2014년에도 저수지가 붕괴되는 상황이 발생했다. 댐붕괴의 원인은 구조물의 자연적 노화, 극심한 강우나 홍수, 지진, 제체전도, 파이핑, 침윤발생, 월류 및 파랑 등에 의한 자연적 상황 등이 요인이 될 수 있으며, 시공결함, 사고 또는 전쟁과 같은 인위적인 요인으로 발생할 수도 있다. 과거에 설계 및 시공기술이 부족하였거나 경제적인 이유로 부실하게 건설되어 있는 댐이 세계적으로 산재되어 있어 잠재적인 위험을 상당수 내재하고 있는 실정이다. 본연구는 댐의 점진적인 파괴에 의해 발생하는 유출수문곡선을 구하고 파괴의 성질을 예측 및 홍수파를 수리학적으로 추적하기위해 BREACH 모형과 DAMBRK 모형을 사용했으며 극한홍수(PMF)조건과와 최대지진발생(MCE)조건을 적용하여 원주시 관내 저수지 붕괴 모의 시나리오를 구축했다. 저수지 붕괴에 따른 유출수문곡선을 유도하기 위해서 본 연구에서는 기존의 EAP보고서 자료를 참고하여 붕괴지속시간, 붕괴부 평균폭, 붕괴부 측벽면 경사의 변화에 따라 다양한 모의를 수행함으로써 발생되는 붕괴부 유량 수문곡선을 도출하여 각각의 조건들이 붕괴파 형성에 미치는 영향에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 저수지의 붕괴시 첨두유출량에 민감한 영향을 주는 인자는 붕괴지속시간과, 붕괴부 평균폭으로서 이들 값이 붕괴유출량 변화에 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 최대지진발생(MCE)조건 해석결과 홍수류의 범람으로 인해 홍수파가 하류측으로 진행할수록 완만히 감소하며, 하천 중·상류부 인근 제내지로 홍수류의 범람이 발생하는 것으로 검토되었으며, 극한홍수(PMF)조건 해석결과 최대지진발생(MCE)조건과 같이 홍수파가 하류측으로 진행할수록 완만히 감소하는 특성을 보이며, 하천 전체 구간에서 인근제내지로 홍수류의 범람이 발생하는 것으로 검토되었다. 본 연구는 침수구역 피해규모 산정 및 비상대처계획도를 작성시 기초데이터가 되어 상황별 피해예상지역에 대해 응급행동요령, 주민대피계획비상대처계획을 수립하여 지역 주민생활에 안정을 기여하고자 한다.

• Korean Journal of School Psychology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.399-431
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to summarize the empirical literature on implementation of positive behavior support (PBS) within a multi-tiered system of supports in American and Korean schools and to compare its key features and outcomes in an attempt to suggest future directions for development of a Korean school-wide PBS model and implementation manuals as well as directions for future research. Twenty-four American articles and 11 Korean articles (total 35 articles) that reported the outcomes of implementation of PBS at a tier 1 and/or tier 2, or tier 3 level and that met established inclusion criteria were analyzed using systematic procedures. Comparisons were made in the areas of key features and outcomes of PBS in addition to general methodology (e.g., participants, design, implementation duration, dependent measures) at each tier of PBS. The results indicated that positive outcomes for student behavior and other areas were reported across tiers in all American and Korean studies. At the tier 1 level, teaching expectations and rules were the primary focus of PBS in American and Korean schools. However, Korean schools focused on modifying the school and classroom environments and teaching social skills whereas American schools focused on teacher training on standardized interventions or curricular by experts and teacher support during implementation of PBS. At the tier 2 level, more American studies reported implementation of tier 2 interventions within school-wide PBS, and Check/In Check/Out (CICO) was found to be the most commonly used tier 2 intervention. The results also indicated that in comparison to Korean schools, American schools were more likely to use systematic screening tools or procedures to identify students who need tier 2 interventions and more likely to promote parental involvement with implementing interventions. At the tier 3 level, more Korean studies reported the outcomes of individualized interventions, but more American studies reported that designing individualized intervention plans based on comprehensive functional behavior assessment results and establishment of systematic screening systems were focused when implementing individualized interventions. Furthermore, few Korean studies reported the assessment of procedural integrity, social validity, and contextual fit in implementing PBS across tiers, indicating the need for development of valid instruments that could be used in assessing these areas. Based on these results, limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.77-83
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to survey aspects of factors in stages of change and decisional balance on oral examination of adults in their 20s by applying transtheoretical model. Transtheoretical model is the one that was developed in order to explain a human being's behavioral change. The stages of change consist of precontemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage, and maintenance stage. Decisional balance is utilized with comprising 2 elements such as pros and cons in transtheoretical model, and was mentioned that pros and cons have unique form every behavioral stage of change. As a result of applying the regular oral examination behavior based on transtheoretical model, it was indicated to be precontemplation stage with 79 people(22.1%), contemplation stage with 156 people(43.6%), preparation stage with 38 people(10.6%), action stage with 47 people(13.1%), and maintenance stage with 38 people(10.6%). Subjects, who maintain regular oral examination, were indicated to recognize pros highly in the decision balance. Subjects, who don't have intention of receiving oral examination, were indicated to have characteristic of recognizing cons highly.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2004

Objectives: We investigated the factors related to health examination behaviors, sociodemographic aspects and lifestyles of elderly persons with different social backgrounds, and compared sexual and regional differences in urban and rural elderlies. Methods: The total study subjects(464 individuals) from urban(236) and rural areas(228), recruited by a stratified cluster random sampling were interviewed and examined about their sociodemographic profiles, daily lifestyles, subjective health status, conditions concerning use of medical resources, hearing acuity, visual acuity and ADL(activity of daily living), and whether they receive health examination or not. For statistical analysis, Chi-square test was used for sexual and regional comparisons among the groups who have been given a health examination and the one who have not. Results: In urban areas, the rate of having underwent health examination was 54.5% in men and 46.9% in women, and in rural areas, it was 59.8% in men and 42.7% in women, showing its higher rate in men than in women in both areas. For regional differences between the group who have taken a health examination and the one who have not, there was a significant difference in terms of age, family pattern, current job, monthly household income, owning a house, drinking status, eating habit, subjective health status, whether they have taken outpatient medical service for the recent 3 months or not, anxiety for the health, and IADL conditions according to whether the community is rural or urban. In multiple regressions, the influential factors on the health examination behaviors were selected such as having their own house, their family doctor, amnesia, urinary incontinence and chronic disease in urban districts. But in rural districts, the variables were selected such as having or not of their family doctor, urinary incontinence, anxiety for the health, educational level, their own house and chronic disease. Conclusions: It is suggested that the approach to the health examination of an older patient requires substantial consideration of highly variable individual sociodemographic characteristics involving regional attributes as well as their daily life styles, subjective health status, status of performing health examination, physical health status and ADL conditions.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.54
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• pp.65-97
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• 2003

This study seeks the countermeasures for the successful organization of the social welfare labor union after examining social welfare workers' cognizance about a labor union and analyzing the major factors affecting their participation in a labor union. An analysis of social welfare workers' cognizance about the social welfare labor union. demonstrates that (1) most social welfare workers have positive opinions about a labor union organization and the participation in a labor union, (2) a great part of workers prefer forming a labor union and a professional organization together in relation to the organization of social welfare workers, and (3) the effective strategies for the organization of a labor union are in the order of the uplift of social welfare workers' consciousness, the constitution of the basic organizations which propel the formation of a labor union, and the preparation of policy countermeasures which attain the supports of clients and citizens. An analysis of factors affecting the participation in a labor union shows that the attitude toward the participation behavior (positive results), subjective norm (specific individuals), subjective norm (social constituent members), and perceived behavior control in the analysis model, male, lower position in officers, and lower educational attainment in democratic characteristics, and lower democratic and professional managements in officers and longer working hours in labor environmental conditions affect positively the participation in a labor union. These results suggest several assignments for the successful organization of the social welfare labor union. First the activities that make social welfare workers recognize the beneficial results bringing about by the participation in a labor union need to be carried out, second strategies that persuade the influential individuals to supports the participation in a labor union need to be developed, third activities that make the social constituent members understand the ethical, professional, and non-productive characteristics of social service works not to be confronted with the organization of a labor union should be pursued, fourth the organizational environments in which social welfare workers can freely participate in a labor union according to their intentions need to be made up, fifth the policy countermeasures which attain the support of social welfare workers, clients and citizens should be developed and carried out, and finally the basic organizations that effectively propel the formation of a labor union need to be constituted.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.157-175
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• 2012

It is difficult to evaluate the performance of process innovation of e-procurement which has large scale and complex processes. The existing evaluation methods for measuring the effects of process innovation have been mainly done with statistically quantitative methods by analyzing operational data or with qualitative methods by conducting surveys and interviews. However, these methods have some limitations to evaluate the effects because the performance evaluation of e-procurement process innovation should consider the interactions among participants who are active either directly or indirectly through the processes. This study considers the e-procurement process as a complex system and develops a simulation model based on MAS(Multi-Agent System) to evaluate the effects of e-procurement process innovation. Multi-agent based simulation allows observing interaction patterns of objects in virtual world through relationship among objects and their behavioral mechanism. Agent-based simulation is suitable especially for complex business problems. In this study, we used Netlogo Version 4.1.3 as a MAS simulation tool which was developed in Northwestern University. To do this, we developed a interaction model of agents in MAS environment. We defined process agents and task agents, and assigned their behavioral characteristics. The developed simulation model was applied to G2B system (KONEPS: Korea ON-line E-Procurement System) of Public Procurement Service (PPS) in Korea and used to evaluate the innovation effects of the G2B system. KONEPS is a successfully established e-procurement system started in the year 2002. KONEPS is a representative e-Procurement system which integrates characteristics of e-commerce into government for business procurement activities. KONEPS deserves the international recognition considering the annual transaction volume of 56 billion dollars, daily exchanges of electronic documents, users consisted of 121,000 suppliers and 37,000 public organizations, and the 4.5 billion dollars of cost saving. For the simulation, we analyzed the e-procurement of process of KONEPS into eight sub processes such as 'process 1: search products and acquisition of proposal', 'process 2 : review the methods of contracts and item features', 'process 3 : a notice of bid', 'process 4 : registration and confirmation of qualification', 'process 5 : bidding', 'process 6 : a screening test', 'process 7 : contracts', and 'process 8 : invoice and payment'. For the parameter settings of the agents behavior, we collected some data from the transactional database of PPS and some information by conducting a survey. The used data for the simulation are 'participants (government organizations, local government organizations and public institutions)', 'the number of bidding per year', 'the number of total contracts', 'the number of shopping mall transactions', 'the rate of contracts between bidding and shopping mall', 'the successful bidding ratio', and the estimated time for each process. The comparison was done for the difference of time consumption between 'before the innovation (As-was)' and 'after the innovation (As-is).' The results showed that there were productivity improvements in every eight sub processes. The decrease ratio of 'average number of task processing' was 92.7% and the decrease ratio of 'average time of task processing' was 95.4% in entire processes when we use G2B system comparing to the conventional method. Also, this study found that the process innovation effect will be enhanced if the task process related to the 'contract' can be improved. This study shows the usability and possibility of using MAS in process innovation evaluation and its modeling.