• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.145-167
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the solidarity types between parents-children and to verify whether the types of solidarity relationships are directly related to life satisfaction of older adults. To achieve this, 2,072 Korean elderlies from proportional stratified sample were participated, and the data was divided into urban and rural area where respondents live in. The Latent Profile Analysis(LPA), multiple regression analysis were mainly used for data analysis. The results of the study were as follows: The major findings are following. Patterns of parental bond among urban and rural elderly were classified into three(urban) and two(rural) patterns. For the effect of each parental bonding pattern on life satisfaction, positive effect of parental bond was found only in urban dwellers. In other words, for older people in rural areas, parental bond did not significantly affected on life satisfaction. However, elderly in rural area showed non-familial factor based relationship, such as social capital(community trust, social cohesion, and social support), was influenced their life satisfaction rather than relationship with children. Finding from the study highlight political and practical implications for improving life satisfaction for the elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.348-356
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify latent classes in changes of mothers' daily life stress over six years from multicultural families and to test its relationship with early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitudes and their academic achievements. For achieving this purpose, as the study sample 1,039 students were gathered from the 4th grade of elementary school to 3rd grade of middle school, using Growth Mixture Modeling, Multiple Group Analysis, and One-way ANOVA. The results were as follows. First, latent classes of mothers' daily life stress were categorized into three types: high-stable trajectory, moderate-changing trajectory, and low-changing trajectory. Second, these three types showed different characteristics in early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitudes and academic achievements. Third, early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitude were not significant determinants of the latent classes while academic achievements were. The findings of this study may provide a framework for understanding the relationships among mothers' daily life stress and early adolescents' perceived neglecting parental attitudes and their academic achievements in multicultural families and practical implications for providing social support to overcome daily life stress of mothers in multicultural families.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.57-84
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• 2008

This study investigates the patterns of leisure in Korea and the effects of social class on the objective and subjective dimension of leisure activities and life satisfaction. A data set of 1376 Korean men and women over 18 years old is analyzed to yield five main results. First, Korean prefers domestic entertainment to outdoor activities as is exemplified by domestic audio-visual entertainment(TV/DVD/VCR) which ranks the highest in the favored leisure activity. Leisure activities are divided into four types; "activity-based", "relationship-based", "alcohol-based", "relaxation". Second, the function of leisure activity is to strengthen relationships. The main purpose of leisure activity is to relax and revitalize, while creating prospective social network ranks next to relax. But the effect of leisure time is often compromised by recurring thoughts related to work. Third, respondents with high educational and economic backgrounds are more likely to engage in "relationship-based," "activity-based", "alcohol-based" leisure type. However, such factors do not influence on "relaxation" type of leisure. While students and housewives rank highest in number of respondents, respondents with managerial/professional or white-collar/semi-professional occupations enjoy more diverse activities. Fourth, the effort to discern the significance of social class with respect to the leisure-activity-index revealed followings; the index scores elevate with higher education, younger age and higher income. Fifth, leisure-activity-index is the most important variable predicting leisure satisfaction. Leisure satisfaction is influenced by gender, age, income and occupation. The younger the age and higher the income, the higher it is the leisure satisfaction. Men are more satisfied with leisure activities than women. Students experience the highest satisfaction with leisure activities while service/sales workers, industrial/technical/blue-collar workers shows the least satisfaction. Also, the number of family members decreases significantly the leisure satisfaction. While "activity-based" leisure induces the highest satisfaction, "alcohol-based" leisure produces the least satisfaction. The frequency and diversity of leisure activities, and "activity-based" leisure incur the most positive effects on the life satisfaction.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.467-484
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore latent classes of longitudinal medical expenses of older people and to analyze its predictors and its effects on subjective health. Among participants of the Korean Health Panel, the sample of this study includes 1,119 people who is 65-year-old or older and reported their medical expenses for nine consecutive years. The analyses were conducted in three steps. First, Growth Mixture Model (GMM) was applied to find distinct subgroups showing similar patterns in medical expenses. The results showed four groups which were classified as high medical expenditure maintenance group, medical expenditure increase group, low medical expenditure maintenance group, and medical expenditure reduction group. Second, the multinominal logistic regression found that the presence of spouse, economic participation, the number of chronic diseases, and the type of health insurance were significant predictors of latent classes in medical expenses. In particular, the greater the number of chronic diseases, the higher the likelihood of belonging to the high medical expenditure maintenance group. In addition, medical benefit recipients are more likely to belong to the low medical cost maintenance and medical cost reduction groups. Third, multiple regression analysis revealed that the older people in the groups with low or reducing expenses reported better subjective health than people with higher expenses. This study has its meanings in exploring the heterogeneity in longitudinal medical expenses among older people and its predictors and its associations with health outcome. The results of this research provide background information in establishing public health policy for older people.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.44-51
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify latent profiles of multicultural adolescents' psychological outcomes (school participation, self-esteem, and difficulty related to multicultural identity) depending on their perception of the parent-child relationship. A total of 5,540 samples from the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute in 2018 were analyzed by using Latent Profile Analysis and one-way ANOVA. The best-fitting model identified five groups according to their perception of the parent-child relationship: (1) father low-mother average (6.5%), (2) father average-mother low (2%), (3) father low-mother low (18.6%), (4) father average-mother average (31.2%), and (5) father high-mother high (41.7%). According to the results of one-way ANOVA, the father high-mother high (41.7%) group of adolescents showed more school participants and higher self-esteem and multicultural identity than the other profiled groups. The father average-mother average (31.2%) group of adolescents also scored higher than the other three groups (father low-mother average (6.5%), father average-mother low (2%), and father low-mother low (18.6%) of adolescents). The results of this study imply that improving multicultural adolescents' perception of their parent-child relationships would be important in improving psychological outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.42-53
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• 2021

Street trees improve the cityscape and air quality, reduce heat islands, and create wildlife habitats. Hence, they are essential parts of a city's green infrastructure. Therefore, several trees that are well adapted to the urban environment were planted. However, this caused the problem of simple trees being planted around the world. This study is to select more various street trees. To accomplish this, evaluation criteria and detailed indexes were created. The importance was indicated through the Analytic Hierarchy Process. For commercial roads, the priority of landscape characteristics is 0.2640, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1245. For work roads, the priority of landscape characteristics is 0.2496, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1177. For work roads, the priority of characteristics of civil service is 0.2250, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1177. For general roads, the priority of maintenance characteristics is 0.2479, and among detailed indicators, the priority of shape is 0.1062. For historical and cultural roads, the priority of regional characteristics is 0.3488, and among detailed indicators, the priority of regional characteristics is 0.1643. For ecological roads, the priority of ecosystem characteristics is 0.3488, and among detailed indicators, the priority of the diversity of species is 0.1643. For automotive-only roads, the priority of the ecosystem characteristics is 0.4639, and among detailed indicators, the priority of reducing emissions is 0.1643. This study will provide objective criteria for the selection of street trees.

• KOMUNHWA
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• no.61
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• pp.129-164
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• 2003

It is this theory that examines and compares the early stone-lined tombs at Busan and Kimhae area in the downstream of Nakdong river about a type of group boiling these, an age bering the Skills's earthenwares, a structural characteristic and origination

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.4
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• pp.639-646
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• 2003

Conventional two-tier databases have shown performance limitation in the presence of many concurrent clients. To this end, the three-tier architecture that exploits similarities in client's object access behavior has been proposed. In this system, clients are partitioned into clusters, and object requests can be then served in inter-cluster manner. Introducing an intermediate layer between server(s) and clients enables this. In this paper, we introduce the problem of client realignment in which access behavior changes, and propose on-line client clustering. This system facilitates adaptive reconfiguration and redistribution of sites. The core issue in this paper is to demonstrate the effectiveness of on-line client clustering. We experimentally investigate the performance of the scheme and necessary costs.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.191-200
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• 2007

This study was identify web interface design factors for increasing information processing and attention for mentally disabled men. Gaining information via the internet is becoming pivotal in today"s society as the internet is becoming the center of knowledge and information. The goal of this study is to present the guideline of web interface design for the disabled men who are alienated in gaining information from the Internet. If the internet were more user friendly to the disabled men, they would be able to spend more time in doing what they enjoy and also in self development, with the information gained on the internet. This study investigated current portal sites to understand the present situation, surveyed and interviewed the disabled men, and researched literatures on how the disabled men perceive various stimulants and also researched documents for previous guidelines on interface design for them. This study investigated internet sites which the disabled men use to gather information about products and which entice their purchasing desires. The conclusion is that the usability can be improved by eliminating visual dizzy elements in the pages, simplifying the layout and the menu designs which represent the information architecture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.999-1005
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• 2002

오늘날의 기업들은 글로벌화 경쟁체제 속에서 생존을 위하여 여러 가지 경영혁신의 기법들을 사용하거나 활용하고 있다 이러한 새로운 경영혁신 기법들은 기존의 기업환경에 많은 변화를 주고 있다. 그러나 단순한 경영혁신의 도입만으로 기업이 효과적이며 효율적인 변화와 혁신이 이루어지리라는 기대를 해서는 안 된다. 혁신적이고 창의적인 경영혁신의 기법들은 기업의 필요욕구에 의한 자발적인 도입이 있어야 한다. 이는 경영혁신이 기업전체에서 이루어 져야 하며 더불어 기업내 조직구성원들의 적극적이며 긍정적인 사고와 경영자들의 강력한 리더십이 기반 되어야 한다는 것이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 기업의 최고 경영자들이 지니고 있는 여러 가지 리더십의 특성과 유형을 통하여 최근의 경영혁신의 화두로 대두되는 6시그마의 도입시 요구되는 리더십을 살펴보고자 한다. 또한 이를 바탕으로 요구되어진 6시그마의 리더십 관리가 어떻게 이루어져야 하는가에 중점을 두고 연구하고자 한다.