• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.40 no.9
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• pp.116-119
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• 2008

양계산업에 있어 계사내 환경문제와 계분 처리문제는 향후 업계에서 풀어가야 할 큰 숙제로 부각되고 있다. 특히 육계사육에 있어서 깔짚은 가격상승, 구매의 어려움 등으로 심각한 상황이 예상되고 있다. 현재, 깔짚 원료인 왕겨와 톱밥의 가격이 높게 오르고 있으며, 특히 계절에 따라 수요가 일정하지 않아 구입하는데도 큰 어려움을 안고 있는 실정이다. 본고는 고유가, 고사료 시대 어려움이 지속되고 있는 가운데 양계장의 생산비 절감을 위해 계분처리 문제 해결은 물론 깔짚의 대체물질로 미네랄라이트(활성탄)를 이용해 새로운 돌파구를 마련하고 있는 알파엔오메가(대표 이기상)를 찾아 깔짚재로써의 효과 및 계분생산의 활용도에 대해 취재하였다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.138-141
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• 2009

일본에서도 친환경에 대한 중요성이 대두되면서 축산농가의 가장 큰 문제로 지적되고 있는 '축분처리와 악취'문제를 해결하고자 다양한 노력이 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본고는 '계분처리'와 관련하여 일본 사이다마현(기옥현)(埼玉縣)에서 산란계양계장을 경영하는 (농)세이메이농장(대표이사 시마다 마사유끼(도전정행)(嶋田正行)에서 일종의 퇴비화촉진제를 이용, 계분 처리실태를 소개함으로써 농가에 도움을 주고자 계명신문 6월 5일자에 소개된 내용을 발췌, 번역하여 소개한 것이다. 참고로 내용을 통해 퇴비화촉진제가 거명이 되는데, 이는 제품을 소개코자 한 것이 아니라 사례를 소개한 것이므로 참고했으면 한다.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.616-620
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• 2013

In this work, the combustive properties of the swine manure, poultry manure, and mixtures based on the resource recycling-energy were investigated. After the specimens were dried to a constant weight by dry oven, combustive properties were tested by the cone calorimeter (ISO 5660-1). It was found that the peak effective heat of combustion (PEHC) in the swine manure (78.72 MJ/kg) has risen due to more amount of the hydrocabon compared with poultry manure (69.41 MJ/kg), also the swine manure increased both of the higher $CO_2$ production rate (0.1959 g/s) and total smoke release rate (THRR) ($419m^2/m^2$) than those of the poultry manure. However, both of the CO production release (0.0996 kg/kg) and CO production rate (0034 g/s) in the poultry manure increased due to more amount of the inorganic contents compared with swine manure. Thus, the high combustion energy is expected to generate depend on the hydrocarbon content.

• The Journal of Natural Sciences
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 1992

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer. Sarang of fermented poultry manure. Miwon glutamic acid fertilizer and poultry manure, on the growth and yield of radish cultivated in spring and autumn. 1) The growth of leaf length, leaf weight, root length, root diameter and root weight of radish in two culture types was stimulated in order of NPK, fermented poultry manure + 1/5NK, fermented poultry manure, poultry manure and control treatment, and chlorophyll and nitrogen content of leaf were increased in order of the above mentioned fertilizers.2) Yield decreased in fermented poultry manure plot of 450kg application comparison with NPK plot but the one of 1800kg fermented poultry manure was increased. The yield of 450kg Sarang plot was sufficient as compared with Korean average yield of spring and autumn culture.3) The difference of growth of radish between treatments of fermented poultry manure and NPK was lowered by continuous application of Sarang organic fertilizer.4) Soil nitrogen content and exchangeable Mg were similar in all treatments but soil pH, the contents of organic matter, $P_2 O_5$ and Ca were high in the fermented poultry manure treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.15-25
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• 2018

This study was conducted to obtain proper amount of solid poultry manure in the beginning phase of Deutzia crenata growth. Seedling growth increment, dry weight, inorganic matter uptake and chemical changes of soil according to the concentration of solid poultry manure fertilization. 1. When treated with solid poultry manure, seed germination rate was highest on the control. However, germination rates tended to decrease when treated with at high concentrations. 2. The growth of seedlings treated with poultry manure was always higher than that in control. At the 1.0% of poultry manure treatment, the growth rate and dry weight of the seedlings was highest. 3. The amount of inorganic nutrients absorbed by the seedling was generally high with the 1.0% treatment, declined sharply with the 2.0% treatment. 4. For the planting soil of Deutzia crenata, the higher the concentration of poultry manure, the lower the soil pH. However, nitrogen, available P, K, Na and Mg contents in the soil have increased with higher concentrations.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.177-182
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• 1998

To evaluate the effect of chicken manure compost(CMC) application on nutrient utilization and reduction of N fertilizer application for vegetables such of cabbage, reddish, and eggplant, four different application rates of CMC such as 0, 10, 30. $50Mg\;ha^{-1}$ were amended with three different rates of chemical fertilizer of 0, 15, $300kg\;ha^{-1}$. The efficiency of nutrient utilization on CMC were in the order of N, P, K. For each respective nutrient utilization by cabbage, reddish, and eggplant, N were 29%, 20%, 14%; P were 10%,<1%, and <1% ; K were 5%, 22%, 32%. The greater application of CMC, the less the efficiency, while the efficiency of P was increased with increasing application of CMC. The highest efficiency of nutrient utilization was found in $10Mg\;ha^{-1}$. The amounts of reduction of N fertilizer application in soils amended with $10Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of CMC with respect to maintain the normal production of each vegetables observed in this experiment were as follows: $25kg\;ha^{-1}$ and $15kg\;ha^{-1}$ less, and $13kg\;ha^{-1}$ more than the recommended rate for cabbage, eggplant, and reddish, respectively. For elution of available of N by the application of CMC, there was a gradual increase up to 30 day, then gradually decreased. However, there was increase of N eluted in the application of $50Mg\;ha^{-1}$. For soil chemical properties, pH, T-N, OM, and $P_2O_5$ were increased with increased application of CMC, as well as did cations such as K, Ca, and Mg. Yield and glucose of cabbage was significantly increased at the application of $30Mg\;ha^{-1}$ CMC, but content of nitrate in eggplant and raddish was highly increased with increasing application of N fertilizer and CMC. By the way, the yields of cabbage, reddish, and eggplant were slightly decreased with CMC application greater than $50Mg\;ha^{-1}$.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.53-59
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• 1996

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fowl dzopping. saw dust and rice hall on the soil microflora in vitro. The experiment was designed in seven treatments with the various organic materials and they were only soil (control). soil + fowl dropping (S+F), soil+fowl dropping+rice hull (S+F+R) soil+fowl dropping*saw dust (S+F+S). soil+chemical fertilizer (S+C.F), fowl dropping+rice hull (F+R) and fowl dropping+saw dust (F+S). All the samples of treatment were incubated in $28{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ condition and tested the activity of soil microflora for 84 days The activity of fungi, total bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and actinomycetes showed the highest values at, twenty-first day and the spore-forming bacteria was at forty-second day after incubation. The number of fungi and gram-negative bacteria showed the highest values in the treatment of F+S, the spore-forming bacteria and the actinomycetes were in the S+F+S. and the number of total bacteria was in the F+C.F., but in the treatment of F+R. all the microorganism except fungi showed the lowest values in their numbers. The composition ratio of dead bacteria was higher in the treatments of S+F+R and F+R than in those of others as 70% and 40% respectively. Actinomycetes isolated from the treatments of S+F and S+F+S were identified as Streptomyces sp.. Nocardia sp., Micromonospora sp. Actinomadura sp. and Saccharomonospora sp.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.280-289
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to establish a model for recommendable application level of nitrogen fertilizer based on soil testing for summer chinese cabbage in highland. A field experiment was carried out with various nitrogen application levels in sand loamy soil with and without poultry manure compost. The application level of N in poultry manure compost plot was found to be $291kg\;ha^{-1}$ for maximum yield of chinese cabbage, and it was 87% of the required N application level, $335kg\;ha^{-1}$, for maximum yield of chinese cabbage in nonmanure plot. In the treatment of poultry manure, approximately $174kg\;ha^{-1}$ of N was required to obtain the same yield of chinese cabbage as the maximum yield obtained in the treatments without poultry manure application. Therefore, with poultry manure application, N application level can be reduced by 40%. Using these results, a new equation for N recommendation for chinese cabbage in highland soil was proposed. With the average organic matter content of $33g\;kg^{-1}$ in highland field, the application levels of N for chinese cabbage were in the range of $215-129kg\;ha^{-1}$, which means that 32.8-59.7% of current application amount of N fertilizer can be reduced.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1999

The changes of soil physico-chemical properties were investigated in the sandy loam soil amended with various application rates of chicken and pig manure composts. After repeated application of the composts for 3 years, total nitrogen content in soil treated with applied 120Mg/ha of chicken and pig manure composts was 2.1 g/kg equally. Organic matter content was 38.8 and 39.1 g/kg, available phosphate content was 602 and 585 mg/kg, and cation exchange capacity(CEC) was 10.1 and 12.4 cmol/kg in chicken and pig manure compost 120 Mg/ha treatment, respectively. Exchangeable K, Ca, Na, Mg contents, and electrical conductivity(EC) increased with the amount of applied compost. Also, with increased amount of applied compost, porosity of soil increased, but hardness, bulk density and Y value decreased.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.211-218
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• 2007

This study was carried out to develop the technique for manufacturing activated carbon from livestock manure and to analyse it's odor absorptiveness. Each of layer manure(LM), litter from broiler house(BL) and litter from dairy barn(DL), compost from layer manure(LC) and pig manure(PC), and coconut shell(CS) was used as a raw material. Activated carbon by grinding the raw material, adding the coal tar as a binder, palletizing, drying, heating with $N_2$ gas at $400^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, activating by reaction with steam at a temperature of $750^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. Moisture contents of raw material was 44.9% in layer compost, 71.9% in layer manure, 24.4% in broiler litter, 47% in pig manure compost and 33.9% in dairy litter. Volatile matter in layer compost, layer manure, broiler litter, pig manure compost and dairy litter was 18.8%, 31.0%, 49.8%, 22.3% and 11.6%, respectively. Surface area(BET) of activated carbon from layer compost, layer manure, broiler litter, pig manure compost, dairy litter and coconut shell was 259.8, 209.8, 63.5, 442.3, 812.9 and $1,040\;m^2/g$, respectively. Activated carbon made by livestock manure or litter were examined with scanning electron microscope, and micropore was a type of sponge like particles honeycombed with chambers. Pore size of activated carbon was ranged from 0.39 to $5.02\;{\AA}$, but coconut shell was $0.30\;{\AA}$. Iodine absorptiveness of activated carbon from livestock manure was $530{\sim}580mg/g$. But activated carbon made by coconut shell was 1000 mg/g. Each activated carbon could absorb odor compound very well. Absorptiveness of activated carbon from layer manure for hydrogen sulfide and trimethyl amino was 74.5% and 73.9% at the accumulated flux of 60,000 ml, but, in the case of ammonia was only 15.2% at the accumulated flux of 10,000 ml