• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.439-443
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• 2008

본 연구는 어도에서의 어류이동의 적합성을 검증하기 위해 어도 수리실험을 통해 흐름에 따른 어류이동을 조사하는 것으로 하였다. 이를 위해 실험은 모형이 아닌 거의 실물에 가까운 원형 수준의 어도를 제작하였다. 물고기는 피라미를 준비하였으며, 어도 내부에 넣고 흐름을 형성시켜 어류의 거동을 비디오로 촬영하였다. 어도 격벽은 두께를 t=0.1m, 어도 폭은 B=1.0m, 격벽간 거리는 L=$1.0{\sim}2.0m$, 격벽간 낙차는 ${\Delta}H=0.1m$로 하여 각 경우에 따른 실험을 실시하였다. 본 연구 결과에 따르면 어류 이동에 효율적인 흐름의 속도는 $1.0{\sim}1.5$(m/s)임을 나타내고 있는데, 이는 기존 피라미의 선호유속(0.8m/s)보다 높은 편으로서, 이는 어류의 상류이동을 위해서는 선호유속보다 약간 높은 유속을 형성시킴으로써 어류가 상류로 이동하려는 의욕을 가지게 하는 것이 중요함을 시사하였다. 상기 실험 결과를 바탕으로 어류(피라미)의 상류 이동에 적합한 계단식 어도는 경사가 1/20이고, 상하류 격벽 단차가 10cm 정도로서 순환류가 약하게 형성되며, 월류 흐름의 속도가 $1.0{\sim}1.5$(m/s)를 유지하는 형태임을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.spc1
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• pp.1037-1048
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• 2023

Fishways are constructed to ensure the fish migration because river-crossing structures such as dams and weirs cut off the stream longitudinal connectivity and influence on aquatic ecosystems. However, the passage efficiency of fishes varies depending on flow characteristics in the fishway and fish species. In this study, three-dimensional numerical simulations are carried out using a RANS model and the volume of fluid method for resolving free surface fluctuations to calculate the turbulent flow in the pool and weir type fishway. The Flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy in the pool of fishway are analyzed according to variation of the upstream water level and the length of pool. The present numerical simulations reasonably well reproduce the stream flow and plunging flow characteristics in the pool. The simulation results show that the stream flow changes to the plunging flow as the length of the pool increases. When the upstream level increases, the stream flow becomes more evident. Key parameters related to the fish migration within the fishway such as the flow velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy are examined to assess the ascending possibility of fishes.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.14-20
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• 2011

As the height of the building increases, the stack effect in stairwell that is main facilities for evacuation becomes stronger. While the pressure rise in stairwell causes difficulties on opening the door for evacuation and has effect on smoke control system, reduction of stack effect will be necessary for providing more safe evacuation environment. The field experiments on pressure field in high-rise building are carried out to present reduction method of stack effect and the numerical analyses using network model are proceeded to design quantitatively the reduction method. As the air flow supplied from outside in lower stair and exhausted to outside in upper stair is formed in stairwell, the stack effect in stairwell is expected to be decreased.

• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2023

Fishways are essential structures that must be installed in rivers to facilitate the movement of fish between upstream and downstream areas. However, the efficiency of fish passage varies depending on the flow conditions within the fishway. Therefore, this study examined the fish-friendly flow characteristics within a stepped fishway at different overflow depths using FLOW-3D, and conducted experiments for model validation. The key parameters affecting fish swimming ability include velocity, turbulent kinetic energy, and energy dissipation rate. These factors were assessed using a simulated fish species, the zacco platypus, to evaluate the suitability of fish-friendly flow condition. It was confirmed that overflow depth significantly influences fish behavior, and an appropriate overflow depth is required for stepped fishway design. The results of this study are expected to serve as fundamental data for the design of stepped fishways in the future.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.137-144
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• 2019

This study carried out experimental investigation through measurements of void fraction of aerated flows generated near hydraulic structures. The imaging technique applying the shadowgraphy method was employed to quantify aeration by measuring void fractions. Aerated flows in the vicinity of a sloped weir and a stepped weir were measured using the imaging technique. Spatially distributed void fraction that was possible from gray images gives aeration rate of the flows over hydraulic structures with eco-environmental function. Aeration over the stepped weir takes place more strongly and widely in its front slope and downstream compared to the sloped weir.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.175-181
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• 2019

The hydrostatic pressure, thrust, and wall reflection by a step were studied as the flow resistance due to the discontinuous topography by using the Hwang's scheme in calculating fluxes with an approximate Riemann solver. Compared with the broad-crested weir experiments, the result simulated by using the thrust was the best among them. Hwang's scheme with the thrust by a step was applied to the side weir experiment. The results of simulation agreed well with those of the experiment. Compared to the existing depth-integrated model, the accuracy was slightly lowered, but the running time was reduced to about 20 %.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.65-65
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• 2016

Various types of flow conditions are developed in the region just downstream of hydraulic structures such as weir and drop structures. One of distinct flow conditions occurred downstream of drop structures is the wave type flow with undular hydraulic jump formation. We present three-dimensional numerical simulations of a wave type flow formed downstream of a stepped weir which were experimentally investigated by Kang et al. (2010). The turbulent flow over the weir structure is modeling using the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation employing the Spalart-Allmaras one equation model and the detached eddy simulation. Numerical modeling and the performance of turbulence modeling approaches are evaluated by comparing with the experimental measurements in terms of the free surface variation, the shapes and sizes of undular wave, roller near at free surface, recirculation zone near the channel bottom downstream of the structures, and streamwise velocity profiles at selected longitudinal locations.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.253-253
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• 2021

천수방정식에 대한 불연속 갤러킨 기법 (DG) 모형은 주로 양해법 기반으로 개발되어 적용되어 왔으나, 바닥마찰항의 처리, 과도한 CFL 조건 등의 불리한 점이 지적되어 왔으며, 이로 인하여 실제 적용에서 FDM, FEM 등 다른 고전적인 수치기법과 비교하여 경쟁력을 갖기 어려웠다. 이에 대한 대안으로써, 최근, 불연속 갤러킨 기법에 대한 음해법 기반의 모형이 연구되고 있으며, 다소 복잡한 알고리즘에도 불구하고 적용이 확대되고 있다. 또한, 널리 알려진 바와 같이, 천수방정식의 실제 하도에 대한 적용에 있어 문제점 중 하나는 나비에-스토크스 방정식으로부터 유도할 때 사용된 정수압 가정으로 인하여, 하도의 계단과 같은 불연속 지형에 적용이 용이하지 않다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 기존에 개발된 불연속 갤러킨 음해법에 불연속 지형의 해석을 위한 표면경사법(surface gradient method)을 결합하여 이러한 문제에 효과적으로 대응할 수 있는 기법을 제시하였다. 개발된 모형의 검증을 위하여, 제방 등 하도 구조물 위의 장주기 조석흐름, 홍수파, 계단 등을 포함하는 댐 붕괴류 모의에 적용하고 실용적인 기능성을 검증하였다. 향후 구조물이 많은 국내 하천에 적용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.520-522
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• 2000

디지털영상을 상향표본추출(upsanpling)의 방법으로 확대하여 해상도를 높이는 경우에 확대한 영상은 확대 전의 영상에 비해 해상도는 높아지지만 흐려지거나 계단현상이 생기게 되어 영상의 품질은 저하된다. 본 연구에서는 확대된 영상에서 생기는 이와 같은 문제점을 보완하는 상향표본추출 모델을 제안한다. 제안된 모델은 8-이웃(8-neighborhood)과 가우시안 필터(Gaussian filter)를 이용하여 확대된 영상의 증가된 픽셀들의 픽셀값을 부여하여 확대 전 영상이 가진 특성이 확대 후에도 균질하게 유지될 수 있도록 하고 계단현상도 완화한다. 그리고 감마 교정(Gamma correction)을 이용하여 영상의 흐름 정도를 개선한다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.2297-2307
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• 1995

An experimental study on the structure of a separated shear layer downstream of the backward-facing step has been performed by examining mean flow and turbulent quantities in terms of free stream turbulence. When free stream turbulence exists, the entrainment rate of the separated shear layer and the flow rate in the recirculation region are enhanced, resulting in shorter reattachment length. The production and diffusion terms in the turbulent kinetic energy balance are shown to increase more than the dissipation term does. Rapid decrease of the pressure-strain term in the shear stress balance implies the enhancement of the three-dimensional motion by free stream turbulence.