• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.317-336
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• 2008

Thus in order to have a better understanding about the KSA(Korean Security association) and to express opinions on its role and security, this paper introduces and discusses about All Japan Security Service Association(AJSSA), which is the prototype of the KSA. There are several positive aspects to consider the introduction of, when these two associations are compared: the traffic security, a supporting member, ex-high-ranking police executive directors practically run AJSSA. These are to enhance financial ability and to promote better relationship with police. KSA needs to improve such relationship and to diversify activities as well. In addition, not just dismissing their duty by giving them the license, AJSSA provides several educations to revitalize the related people so that they can deal in effective and productive services. In another words, JSA perceives it is indispensable to educate the relevant people in the business. In contrast, it is reality that KSA has not put much emphasis on educations. Concisely, the most prompt issue is it should be more beneficial to its members by strengthening itself. Not simply following the example of foreign cases, but putting diverse efforts, KSA can make it substantial and stabilize future private security market in a long term.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.15
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• pp.147-171
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• 2008

This study examines the degrees of criminal investigators' job satisfaction and organizational commitment and investigates which factors determine the variations in them. In the first step of analysis, independent variables of criminal investigators' job satisfaction consist of work itself, achievement, responsibility, safety, stability, interpersonal relations, recognition, supervision, and opportunity of growth. In the second step, job satisfaction is a mediating variable and organizational commitment is a defendant variable. Organizational commitment is classified into three types - "affective", "continuance" and "normative". According to the structural equation model analysis, responsibility has a great influence on job satisfaction, and job satisfaction affects affective commitment and continuance commitment. This study suggests that job satisfaction should be increased to improve criminal investigators' organizational commitment. And responsibility is necessary for the improvement of job satisfaction. Despite the professional detective system operating in Korea since January 1, 2005, the level of criminal investigators' recognitions of safety, stability and opportunity of growth turn out to be low. Based on these findings, this study presents four ways to reform measures which are listed below. First, to improve a! n economical circumstance of criminal investigators, any expense associated with criminal investigation should be paid by organizations. Second, to improve safety of criminal investigators, it is necessary to develop and supply enough police equipments. Third, criminal investigators' working hours should be shorten. Fourth, to improve criminal investigators' responsibilities, criminal investigators should be allowed to conduct criminal investigation independently from the prosecution.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2014

This study was performed to monitor the seasonal occurrence of Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) by using pheromone traps and to test a mating disruption technique to control this pest in pear orchards. We compared the attractiveness of rubber septa loaded with 1.5 and 3.0 mg of the pheromone, 2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadien-3-yl acetate. A total of 1,021 and 1,431 males were caught in traps baited with 1.5 mg and 3 mg of the pheromone, respectively. The numbers of males caught were not affected by trap color, although yellow traps were more attractive than white traps. In 2012, P. comstocki males were captured between June and October, with peaks in late June, early August, and late September. In 2013, the males were trapped between June and October, with peaks in middle June, late July, and late September. In pheromone mating disruption tests, catches were reduced by 17.7, 65.3, and 62.9% in orchards treated with 450, 900, and 1,350 mg per 10 a of the pheromone, respectively. At harvest, 3.4, 2.9, and 4.8% of fruits in orchards treated with 450, 900, and 1,350 mg per 10 a were damaged by P. comstocki, while 9.5% were damaged in the control orchard.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.1 s.84
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• pp.15-24
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• 2001

In order to achieve a desirable tooth movement, it is of great importance to control the M/F ratio and to know the location of the center of resistance. The purpose of this study was to locate the center of resistance and the axis of rotation, and to estimate the stress distribution in the periodontal ligament with experimental model. After preparing a model of an upper canine with a simulated periodontal ligament and alveolar bone, the force and moment were applied. The tooth movement was traced using measuring device with LVDTs(Linear variable differential transformers) that can measure three dimensional tooth movement in real time. The results were as follows. 1. The location of center of resistance by transverse force was $29\%$ of root length measured from alveolar crest to apex regardless of force magnitude. The position of the center of resistance is more coronal than that of two-dimensional model($42\%$). 2. The center of resistance and the axis of rotation coincide when couple moment was applied. 3. As the magnitude of moment increases, tooth tends to extrude irrespective of the direction of the moment. 4. The relationship between location of force and axis of rotation (a x b = $49.6\;mm^2$) was obtained. A tooth movement can be predicted through this formula. 5. The centers of rotation by transverse force were plotted linearly.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2012

This research aims to observe the alteration of consciousness that the mega sports event reaches on the university students. In order to attain the purpose of this research, direct and indirect participants in the Daegu World Championship in Athletics, including 228 male and female university students, were surveyed. T-test analysis, one-way Anova analysis, and regression analysis were performed for data processing and the research conclusions are as follows. First and foremost, there is an attentive difference within the group in the degree of participant passion in terms of degree of participation, the advantage of perception, perceived expenses, support as well as sustainability. Additionally, the university students' attachment and the degree of participation did not appear to be high and the economical part was sensitively perceived when taking into consideration of the degree of participation, the advantage of perception, perceived expenses, support as well as sustainability. The competition support as well as its continuity appeared to positively support the opening. Furthermore, the degree of participation, the advantage of perception, perceived expenses, support as well as sustainability appeared to be higher for the group with participating experience compared with the group with no participating experience.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

To evaluate the quality of brown rice vinegar made by traditional fermentation in terms of Zymotechnic data and material content, vinegars prepared using a traditional leavening agent and yeast were compared. Amino acid, total nitrogen, free sugar, organic acid, and mineral levels were assessed, with vinegars made with initial brown rice contents of 12.36% (w/v). Vinegar made using Nuruk as fermenting agent (traditional fermentation, TF), with a brown rice content of 20% (w/v), and vinegar prepared using yeast for fermentation (control fermentation, CF), with a brown rice content of 12% (w/v) were compared. TF vinegar had a total nitrogen content about 2.0.4.6-fold that of CF vinegar. Total nitrogen in TF vinegar was 350.460 mg/100g, and in CF vinegar the level was 100.140 mg/100g. TF vinegar had more minerals, free sugars, and amino acids compared with CF vinegar. When free sugar was assessed, TF vinegar had a glucose level of 3.45 g/100g, double that of CF vinegar. Amino acid levels were five-fold higher in TF vinegar then in CF vinegar. When brown rice content was 36% (w/v), the amino acid level was $6088.22\;{\mu}g/mL$ in TF vinegar and $1194.05\;{\mu}g/mL$ in CF vinegar.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.228-235
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• 1996

Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia(BOOP) is a specific clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by a pneumonia-like illness, with excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli. The changes are most numerous in alveolar ducts. The presence of intraluminal tufts of organizing connective tissue in alveolar ducts and more distal airspaces has been termed organizing pneumonia. The radiologic manifestations are distinctive with bilateral, diffuse alveolar opacities predominantly in the subpleural and lower lung zone. Patchy migratory pneumonic foci or solely nodular infiltrates are rarely present in BOOP. BOOP is a diagnosis of importance because of its dramatic response to steroids.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.226-235
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• 2011

Field measurements of the winds and waves were carried out for one year at multiple locations inside and outside of the Pohang New Harbor in order to clarify the reason of downtimes frequently occurring at most of the harbor quays and to establish an efficient countermeasure. In addition, the downtime records of the quays and precipitation data provided by Korea Meteorological Agency were acquired for mutual comparison and comprehensive analysis of the cause of downtimes. Except the influence of precipitation, it was found that the downtimes occurred when the height of waves entering into the harbor incurred by either one of swell, wind seas, or mixture of both, exceeded a threshold. The seiche whose period ranges from 5 to 80 minutes, which was suspected as a possible cause of the downtimes, is shown to have no direct relation with the downtimes. Meanwhile, the height of far-infra-gravity waves whose period ranges between 0.5 and 3 minutes, propagating to the harbor mouth forced by short period waves, showed almost proportional relationship with the height of short period waves. Based on the result of this study, it is concluded that the downtime problems of Pohang New Harbor can be greatly improved by effectively preventing the entrance of short period waves such as swell or wind seas.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.507-511
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• 1995

In an attempt to improve the productivity of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ from Bacillus sp. A1, which was isolated from soil and has remarkably higher transgalactosylation activity than lactose hydrolysis activity, a chemical mutation procedure using N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine followed by selection was conducted. The final selection, designated as Bacillus sp. A4442, turned out to show a substantially increased enzyme productivity. Catabolite repression by glucose and lactose requirement as an inducer for the enzyme biosynthesis, which were shown in the parent strain, was markedly diminished; instead it was found out that galactose acts as another inducer. Because pH of medium, one of the most important factors for cell growth as well as enzyme production, is closely related with the sugar concentration during culture, it was kept in the optimum range of $6.5{\sim}7.5$; for this the initial glucose concentration was adjusted to be 0.5% which was thereafter maintained by the controlled pumping-in of lactose using the pH-stat technique. By doing so, we were able to increase the productivity of ${\beta}-galactosidase$ with high transgalactosylation activity up to $44\;unit/m{\ell}-broth$.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.29
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• pp.223-249
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• 2011

In modern society, citizens' quality of life aspects of safety and crime prevention activities are actively considering the incidence of crime prevention in advance. It also can be quite important elicit the interest of who community members through effective crime prevention strategies. For crime prevention policies and techniques over time as more scientific and advanced methods are made. Today, A typical crime prevention strategies is private security zones and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is a corresponding to the new strategy. CPTED is a diversification can be called a crime prevention approach that emphasizes the principle of natural surveillance, access control, territoriality, activity support, maintenance and management. The defensible space of the space area related to crime prevention setting the activities of private security and CPTED determine. Also, the reality of crime prevention and protection should be considered space. The emphasis on proactive prevention of crime in modern society for the prevention of crime how to approach differing perspectives and disparate aspects of private security and CPTED. Technical and professional areas that overlap to some extent in a homogeneous aspect. Ultimately, CPTED is a crime prevention through space and environmental approach for crime. In addition, Ultimate goal of convergence, crime prevention, with the same or higher is required to study for the area after looking for the characteristics and limitations of private security and CPTED.