• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.45-54
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• 2017

This thesis mainly deals with the meaning of single eaves buildings which have Chunyeo with Sarae. As a rule, building with single eaves does not construct Sarae. But we can find some special buildings using Chunyeo with Sarae in the corners of the eaves. At this time, many people say that lower part of the member so called Alchunyeo, and upper part of the member so called Chunyeo. And they also say that the using of Alchunyeo was caused by the shortage of timber which can make Chunyeo properly. As a result, single eaves buildings using Chunyeo with Sarae in the corners of the eaves were not caused by the shortage of timber. That kinds of buildings were made by the hierarchy of building. Single eaves buildings with Sarae have lower rank than double eaves buildings, and also have higher rank than those without Sarae. And we have to say that lower part of the member is Chunyeo, and upper part of the member is Sarae.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.90-105
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• 2021

The shape of the roof is very important, as it determines the beauty of the exterior of Korean wooden architecture. In particular, the curve of the eaves is the most representative of the characteristics of Korean wooden architecture. Rafters and buyeon (浮椽), flying rafters, create curves for the eaves, and buyeon in particular makes the roof lighter and more dynamic. Although the function and role of buyeon are already known, nothing is yet clear about the beginning of its use in Korean ancient architecture. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to determine when buyeon was first used in Korean architecture. To this end, I examined various records, buildings, remains, and artifacts that have architectural shapes in Korea, China, and Japan. The results are summarized as follows. First, the use of buyeon in China appears during the Northern Qi Dynasty (北齊) in the mid-6th century, but became common in the 7th century during the Tang (唐) Dynasty. Second, the use buyeon in Japan appears in the mid-8th century, when the capital was relocated from Asuka (飛鳥) to Nara (奈良). It corresponds with the time that Japan began importing Chinese culture directly. Third, the use of buyeon in Korea may have been introduced to Baekje from China in the mid-6th century, but it was not common. It is believed that it became common after active exchanges with the Tang Dynasty during the Unified Silla Period in the mid-7th century.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.45-59
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• 2009

This thesis mainly deals with what is th Gurodae, recorded of the YeonggeonUigwe and the SanleungUigwe. Gurodae makes diverse appearance In Uigwes.(久老代, 仇老代, 求路代, 仇老臺, 仇露臺, 求露臺, 仇累臺, 九累臺) It seems that Gurdae was an architectural member used on the roof. Especially that was a member of the eaves. Gurodae looks like a Pyeonggodae, located on the end of the rafters. But it differs in the shape compare to that of Pyeonggodae, Gurodae has the shape of combined members, Pyeonggoaed and Chakgo. Chakgo is a member covering the spae, between two Buyeons So Gurodae has the shape of prominence and depression. The result obtained by surveying the Uigwes is the Gurodae is the Gurodae used until 1789. After the publication of HyeonlyungwonUigwe in 1789, that member was no longer existed on the other Uigwes. In 1794, the making Hwaseong fortress, Gurodae divieed into two members, Chopyeonggodae and Chakgo. Since then Chopyeonggodae and Chakgo never combined again.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.36-44
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to analyze the daylight performance at Changdeokgung Nakseonjae that is the representative and most well preserved Korean royal palace. As a result of measuring illuminance and luminance, direct sunlight is cut off by the eaves and reflective light from the court yard comes in the inside of the floor. As the layer of window is increased, daylight is decreased and the illuminance distribution is more stable because of decreasing of illuminance changes. Also, the lower part luminance is higher than upper part of window surface because direct sunlight is cut off by the eaves. This study would be used as preliminary data for applying characteristics of lighting environment of Korean royal palace to modem architecture.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.332-337
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• 2017

This study investigates the site and architectural space of Byung-Su Jo's traditional house on Yongyu Island in Incheon. The house is located on a peaceful, warm site that is well protected by surrounding mountains, such as Hyunmubong to the rear, Jwacheongyong to the left, Wubackho to the right, and Ansan in front. The house was designed with an open layout with a sarangchae and anchae. There is a spring on the left side of the sarangchae, and a stream auspiciously flows from the west to the east in front of the sarangmadang. The house generally faces south, but to avoid pressure by the height of Ansan in the south direction, it is slightly turned to the east. There is a wide, rectangular pond that covers the pungsu weak point of the empty open view between the right and left mountains. The sarangchae space is composed of front 6 Gan and side 3 Gan. The anchae space is also composed of front 6 Gan and side 3 Gan,and it has a typical L-shaped anchae layout for the middle region of Korea. There is no shrine in the backyard, where yongmag is descending from hyunmubong, and a jangdokdae is installed to the west direction of the anbang due to narrow and slope backyard space.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.212-235
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the location and the spatial composition of Uireung that is located in Seokgwan-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, in order to understand the landscape architectural characteristics. The results are as follows. First, Uireung is 6.4km from Changdeokgung Palace and 5.5km from Heunginjimun Gate. It did not violate the distance standard (40km) for the royal tombs according to Joseon Dynasty Neung-won Myo-je. Second, Uireung is in harmony with the nature and shows the authoritative characteristics of the royal authority through the spatial composition and rank(Entrance Area, Ceremonial Area, Burial Area). Third, there are burial mound, stone sheep, stone tiger, stone table, stone watch pillars in the upper platform, and stone civil official, stone horse, stone lantern in the middle platform, and stone military official, stone horse in the lower platform, and T-shape shrine, worship road in the ceremonial area. There is no pond and a tomb keeper residence, but the position, size, and form can be approximated through historical research materials. There are a colony of pine trees around the burial mound and 64 species of trees such as pine tree, zelcova tree, and fir tree below the burial mound.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.85-97
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• 2010

This research studied the location and the spatial composition of Pihyang-jeong zone. Pihyang-jeong is regarded as one of the five great pavilions in Chollabuk-do. Located in Taein-myeon of Jeongeup-si, Pihyang-jeong is also called as 'the number one pavilion in Honam area'. 1. There is no record regarding the first construction of Pihyang-jeong. There is only transmitting by word of mouth that the scholar Choi Chi-won had an excursion to here and composed some poetry during the age of King Heon-gang of Shilla dynasty. However, there are records that Lee Ji-gweng had expanded the humble structure in 1618, Park Sung-go repaired it in 1664 and Yoo Geun repaired it again in 1715. 2. The location of Pihyang-jeong is 'high in north and low in south' and typical 'mountain in rear and water in front'. It has Seong-hwang Mountain(189m) in the north, Hang-ga Mountain(106m) in the south, Tae Mountain(33m) in the south and an open field in the northwest. 3. The spatial composition around Pihyang-jeong is as following. Pihyang-jeong faces 'Hayeonji'(the lower side lotus pond) in the south-south-west direction. 4. The buildings around Pihyang-jeong are; Pihyang-jeong, which was the pavilion of the government official not directly in charge of government office, Hambyeok-lu in the Hayeonji and the facility for the caretaker. Pihyang-jeong is a rectangular building with double eaves and hipped-and-gabled roof. It has five rooms in the front and four rooms in the side. Hambyeok-lu had been first built in 1918 as two-storey wooden pavilion with dancheong, traditional multicolored paintwork on wooden buildings. Then it was modified into rectangular single-storey pavilion with hipped-and-gabled roof and five rooms in 1971. In 2010, it was rebuilt as a hexagonal pavilion; therefore, the present shape is completely different one from the original shape. 5. The scenic features around Pihyang-jeong are as following. There are 21 stone monuments in Pihyang-jeong zone. The fence surrounding Pihyang-jeong is a traditional Korean style crude stone fence. There are three gates in three-gates-style, each gate made with two posts and one 'matbae'(gabled) roof. Also, a stepping stone for mounting/dismounting was found in the east of Pihyang-jeong outer perimeter. 6. The water scenic feature around Pihyang-jeong is a representative case of drawing in the water from the natural pond nearby government office and building a pavilion around the water. 7. The planting around Pihyang-jeong is as following. There are Zelkova trees in the boundary perimeter. In the southern small park, there are Zelkova trees, Crape-myrtie trees, Bushy young pine trees, Pine trees, Satuki, Purple azalea and Grass field. Around Hambyeok-lu in the Ha-yeonji, Elm trees, Zelkova trees and Pine trees are growing in good condition.