• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.3 s.50
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• pp.122-129
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• 2005

The purpose of this study aims at the development of architectural design thinking which has been studied in the Kant's Epistemology to examine the Schema theories. In this point of view, the related theories are reviewed through Expression Form, representation of architectural knowledge and so on. One of these words, the Schema that formed by transcendental an Experience and Memory of transcendental an Experience, not only Play an important Part in the designer's thinking system about a specific problem but also appeared by distinctive features(image) and included by connotation as like a designer's ideology. Speaking briefly, thinking of a designer familiar with us as abstract confusion can be confined such methodological tools as schema, and image, etc., which we can easily understand the relationship among them through mechanism of Kant's [Concept-Schema-Intuition]. Evidences collected from case studies and its application on architectural design yield following results. First, design thinking can be defined as Kant's Epistemology composed of the schema and its extended factors(architectural-schema). Second, design thinking can be revealed different characteristics depending on the degree of the schema and architectural-schema. Lastly, the methodology will be proposed after application of the result to architects' works.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Disaster Information Conference
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• 2023.11a
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• pp.141-142
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• 2023

소규모 건설 사업장에서는 한 사람이 과도하게 많은 관리영역에 대해서 책임을 져야하므로 특정 영역에 대해 집중적인 관리가 불가능하다. 실제로 이와 같은 소규모 프로젝트는 작은 규모로 인해서 정부의 관리 통제에서 면제되고 있는 바, 이는 소규모 건설 사업장에서의 안전관리와 안전관리에 대한 의식 수준이 낮은 주된 이유 중 하나이다. 정부는 그간 전국적 사고 발생 건수를 줄이기 위해 지속적으로 노력하고 있지만 매년 백여 명이 넘는 근로자가 건설현장에서 사망하고 있다. 이는 그간의 관리 방법으로는 일정 수준의 목표를 달성하고자 함에 있어 상당한 한계가 있다는 것을 시사한다. 건설 사업장에서 발생하는 각종 안전사고는 건축물의 대형화 복잡화함에 따라 다양한 형태로 발생되며 그 중 대형건설사는 지속적인 안전관리를 통해 안전관리 수준이 향상되었고 상대적으로 소규모 건설 사업장과는 안전수준의 격차는 커지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 상대적으로 안전 관리가 미흡하고 전체사고의 반 이상을 차자하는 소규모 건설현장의 문제점을 파악하고 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.173-173
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• 2021

현재까지 상수도관망 내 수질적 거동에 대한 분석은 (1) 네트워크 수질 모델(EPANET 수질모의 등)에 기반한 방법과 (2) 시공간적 저해상도 데이터에 기반한 데이터 분석법이 주를 이루었다. 그러나 현존 네트워크 수질 모델은 수질 사고의 복잡한 물리·화학적 거동을 상세히 모의하기 어렵다. 반면 계측 및 통신기술의 발달로 고해상도 수질 데이터의 실시간 수집이 가능해지면서 사고의 사전감지, 발생시 즉각적 탐지 및 대응을 위한 데이터 분석법에 관심이 증가하고 있다. 서울 문래동, 인천, 포항의 경우에서도 알 수 있듯이, 수질사고 발생 시 원인물질의 시공간적 이송 또는 전파에 대한 정보는 사고대응에 유용하게 활용된다. 본 연구는, 비정상적인 수질변화의 계통 내 전달 시간을 계산하기 위해 고해상도 수질 스마트 미터 데이터에 기반한 데이터 분석법을 개발하였다. 물공급 하류방향의 수질변화 전달 시간 정량화를 위해 화음탐색법 기반 동적시간워핑(Dynamic time warping; DTW) 기술을 이용하였고, 원데이터의 전처리를 위해 이동평균필터링을 수행하였다. 개발된 분석법은 A시 생산 및 배·급수과정의 감시지점에서 10초 단위로 계측된 다양한 수질변수(pH, 탁도, 잔류염소, 전기전도도, 수온 등)의 공간적 변이 전파시간을 결정하기 위해 적용되었다. 분석에 활용한 데이터는 데이터 통신 및 측정 기기에 의한 이상값과 운영상황의 변화에 따라 변동한 값을 처리하기 이전의 데이터이다. 데이터 품질에 의한 영향을 배제하기 위해 이상값이 발생하지 않은 기간을 파악한 후, 그 기간에 대하여 분석하였다. 계통 내 위계에 따라 두 지점의 측정값의 전파시간을 정량화한 결과, 지점에 따라 전파시간이 다르게 나타났다. 또한, 같은 두 지점에 적용한 결과라도 DTW를 적용하는 기간과 이동평균필터링의 크기에 따라 수질변화 전달 시간이 다르게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 분석법은 다변량 수질변수 간의 영향관계를 파악하는데 확장 적용이 가능하다. 또한, 이 방법의 실시간 적용을 통해 동적으로 변화하는 전달시간을 주기적, 공간적으로 갱신하여 관망 수질 변화 모니터링이 가능하다.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 2021

Fatal accidents in the construction industry account for a higher proportion than other industries, and in particular, the collapse accident of formwork is likely to lead to a serious accident like death. This study aim to derive the importance ranking of formwork collapse factors using AHP technique for preventing fatal accident. The AHP survey was conducted on field construction engineers, construction project managers, safety managers, and formwork specialist foreman with 10 years on site experience. The results of AHP analysis is that the most importance factor of formwork collapse accident is 'non-compliance with the formwork shoring assembly drawing'. Next it is important in the order of 'poor installation of formwork shoring and accessories', 'formwork shoring is not installed vertically', 'non-compliance with the concrete curing period of the formwork shoring', 'safety supervisor not designated and negligent'. It is necessary to preferentially and intensively manage the high importance factors presented as a result of this research for reducing formwork collapse accident. In addition, it will contribute to reducing construction safety accidents if the factors of the formwork collapse accident suggested in this research are included in the formwork inspection check list and checked step by step in formwork construction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Construction Safety
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2019

The average number of deaths in the construction industry reaches 500 per year, and in particular, it is confirmed that the type of accidents and deaths caused by disasters such as work platforms has occupied more than 60% of the total. In this study, we presented a structured and combined solution for technology, management, education, and cost that can solve systematically, politically, and external environmental factors as well as direct influence factors. In addition, we examined the safety and safety standards of domestic and international safety, and discussed implications. First, direct impact factors, organizational impact factors, policy influence factors, and external environmental impact factors were examined and classified into technical, education, and institutional dimensions. Second, in relation to the installation of the work scaffold, the standards (OSHA 1926.452), UK (The Work at Height Regulations 2005 No.735, BS5975), Japan (Labor Safety and Sanitation Regulations) and Germany (DIN 4420_4, DIN EN12810). In the case of domestic safety standards, similar to the foreign safety standards, safety measures such as materials and specifications are applied. However, details related to the installation, assembly and structure of the work platform are somewhat different from those in the United States and the United Kingdom excluding Japan. Using the results of this study, it is possible to understand the cause of the accident of foot pedestrian accident more systematically and comprehensively, and safety managers and researchers are expected to help in the accident investigation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.287-294
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• 2017

Recently the construction project is becoming large-sized, complicated, and modernize. This has increased the uncertainty of construction risk. Therefore, studies should be followed regarding scientifically identifying the risk factors, quantifying the frequency and severity of risk factors in order to develop a model that can quantitatively evaluate and manage the risk for response the increased risk in construction. To address the problem, this study analyze the probability distribution of risk causes, the probability of occurrence and frequency of the specific risk level through Monte Carlo simulation method based on the accident data caused at construction sites. In the end, this study derives quantitative analysis by analyzing the amount of risk and probability distributions of accident causes. The results of this study will be a basis for future quantitative risk management models and risk management research.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2019

Construction industry is one of the most dangerous industry. As the construction accidents occur due to the repeated factors found in each accidents, there is a limitation in analyzing all types of occupational accidents by the existing descriptive analysis and statistical test. In this study, we classified safety accidents caused by falling objects among the accident types occurring at construction sites into fatal and nonfatal accidents and deduced the factors. In addition, we deduced the association rules among the safety accidents factors caused by falling objects through the association rule analysis method among the machine learning techniques. Therefore, considering the association rules for fatal and nonfatal accidents proposed in this study, it would be possible to prevent accidents by searching for countermeasures against safety accidents caused by falling objects.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.497-504
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• 2020

In Korea construction industry, researches are being conducted to reduce the disasters related tower crane due to the increase of tower crane's usage and accidents continuously. Although the usage amount of remote control tower crane has been increasing recently, the research on remote-control tower crane is insufficient. In this study, the importance ranking of remote control tower crane's accident factors derived by AHP analysis. AHP questionnaire was conducted to engineers (or operators) like construction site engineer, construction manager, safety engineer, and tower crane operator, who have more than 10 years career. The results of AHP analysis reveal that top ranking factor of remote control tower crane's accident is lifting work for materials. Therefore, the high importance factors should be managed, and taken the priority measures for reducing the tower crane accidents by using the results of this research.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.396-401
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• 2010

건축기술의 발달과 함께 건물은 높아지고 있지만 건물의 높이가 높아질수록 각종 재난으로부터 안전의 확보가 어려워지는 것이 현실이다. 특히 전 세계적으로 기후가 급격하게 변화하고, 재난의 유형도 다양화, 복합화 되고 있으며, 사회구조의 변화로 인해 재해로 인한 재난이 대형화되고 있는 추세이다. 특히 초고층복합빌딩은 재난이 일어나면 복합적으로 대형화된 재난이 일어날 가능성이 매우 높다. 이러한 시점에서 초고층복합빌딩에서 재난사고에 대응하기 위하여 각종 재난별로 일어날 수 있는 사고시나리오를 제시하고 앞으로 초고층복합빌딩의 재난사고에 대한 대응 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.121-132
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the meaning of architectural space of Alvar Aalto, which is based on architectural theories of periodic flows and the form of the space with the various elements applied to the works. Method: It analyzes the interrelationships of light, form and material in triangular composition by synthesizing the architectural vocabulary of Alvar Aalto from the viewpoint of modernism. Results: The architectural works of Alvar Aalto are centered on the combination of light, form, material, and space diversity, emphasizing social awareness and linking the human scale with the building environment. Conclusion: The structure of the Alvar Aalto is a synonym of nature and culture, society and individuals, standardization and diversity, universality and locality, intellectual and emotional, scientific and human psychological. It is possible to apply reciprocity elements to architectural spaces in a comprehensive manner while being different from each other in terms of rationality and immediacy.