• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.305-310
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• 2004

The building below standard scales to be built only by constructive report to authorities. Construction law 8 illustrates that supervision should be deployed in all the construction sites at the building which is found to have more than 3 floors and also to have more than $200m^2$ of total squares in especially outside area of city plan zone. Such a small construction is have a important and the most basic meaning. Many problems were found to occur in all the constructive places which were out of the limit of this law. The construction sites were found to be controlled by public official's visiting without supervisors and designers of architecture. Technique of construction in architecture was found to be not different from that of 1980. The security of employees in construction on sites has a serious problem. Because of choosing all the materials of the building without a reasonable point. All the building were found to have a law material about inside and outside aspects. The purpose of this study are to examine existing law about a small project and than to analyze the situation of constructive control through questionnaires and interviews with all the supervisors. Based on the data base of engineers who had a great experience in construction sites, The purpose of this study is also to suggest and advise the method of controlling all the items in architecture through on and off line.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2012

나노필라멘트 섬유는 직편물 등으로 구조/용도 다양화 가능하다. 나노필라멘트 섬유는 소재특유의 닦음성, 흡착성, 고밀도 특성 등을 활용하여 직편물의 형태로 다양한 용도 개발이 가능하며, 나노기술을 접목시킨 새로운 기능성과 고성능 섬유 소재 개발을 통한 자동차 분야의 개발 트랜드인 고급화, 경량화, 고성능화 추진을 위해 연료전지, 신슐레이터, 고성능 필터, 시트나 도어트림, 헤드라인과 같은 인테리어류와 전자 분야의 제조원가 절감, 공정 단순화를 위해 프린터 토너, 하드디스크 연마제, 다용도 No Dust Cleaner 등의 개발, 의료/바이오 분야의 혈액필터, 수술용 보호제, 창상억제제(유착 방지막), 항균마스크, 의료용 약물전달 시스템 및 환경 분야의 정수/공기 정화 시스템, 건축 토목용 보강제, 고(高)인성 콘크리트, 폐수처리용 슬러리 담체(Matrix) 등 다양한 분야로 용도 개발이 가능하다. 본 연구는 나노필라멘트의 다양한 분야로의 용도 개발 적용의 기초연구로서, 부직포 상으로 얻어지는 나노섬유 제조기술의 단점인 직경의 불균일, 물리적 특성의 한계와 필라멘트가 아닌 단섬유로 인해 발생하는 용도 및 상품 개발에의 제한성을 개선하기 위하여 연속적으로 필라멘트를 생산가능한 해도형 복합방사 방법을 도입하여 개발한 장섬유 필라멘트 형태의 해도형 나노 섬유 소재를 활용하는 것으로 방사된 SDY 형태의 나노필라멘트 섬유를 제직상에서의 작업성 용이 및 직물의 벌키성 증대와 Crimp성을 향상 시켜 터치감 및 후가공에 용이할 수 있도록 DTY를 제조함에 있어 기존 일반 POY사에서의 DTY공정과는 달리 소재의 특성 즉, 해도사의 해성분 및 도성분의 후공정을 감안하여 최적의 Crimp는 발현하되 단면의 형상을 유지할 수 있는 다양한 사가공 조건을 설정 하고 이에 따라 가공사를 생산하여 공정조건에 따른 가공사의 물성 및 수축특성을 비교 분석 하여 염색 및 후가공시 소재의 물성 및 수축특성이 미치는 영향성을 살펴보고자 하였다.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2018

As a result of reviewing various documents and existing researches, since the late Goryeo period, the most active period in the Ondol(溫突, Korean floor heating system) facilities is the 17th century. The phenomenological reason was recovering the buildings destroyed by the Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592(壬辰倭亂) & the Manchu War of 1636(丙子胡亂), but the underlying cause was an abnormal climate in which a pair of summer and winter cold continued. In the 17th century, as the Ondol facilities grew rapidly without distinction between regions and classes, the supply and demand of fuel caused economic and natural environmental problems. And a negative and positive view on Ondol was suggested. Since the middle of the 18th century, when the demand and supply of Ondol reached its peak, which could no longer increase, a new awareness of Ondol began to grow. The room was called the Panbang(板房) and the Ondol, depending on the material that made up the floor. It was considered natural to have the Ondol from this time on. The Incan(因間) and Jo(竈) that were made to burn were started to be recorded as a kitchen, regardless of size and function. Changes in social awareness of Ondol have led to concerns about heating efficiency. A variety of architectural explorations were conducted. Such a search was later realized in concrete architectural form. There is a double Ondoll structure, and the column spacing is reduced compared to the previous one. The heat buffer space is formed around the Ondol room, and the double window can control the light and the air going in and out.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.277-283
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• 2018

This study is conducted to improve the manufacturing process of the modular construction method, which is a pre-fabricated construction method recognized for its advantage on the shortening of construction time. This study first identified the factors that result in shortening of pre-fabrication processes in the current module-processing factory. In addition, those identified factors were further considered for installing the M.E.P. system that is being outsourced on the main module in the production line. A manufacturing process of the construction modules, which considers installation of a M.E.P. system most suitable for shortening the time on the outsourcing of modular construction, is introduced throughout the research. Furthermore, this study suggests the factors in need of improvement during design phase of modular construction and improvement measures to consider the quality of unit modules by focusing on the module parts that are most exposed to defects.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.26 no.9
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• pp.25-35
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• 2010

Settlement at reclamation area caused by secondary compression should be considered using spatial evaluating method because the thickness of consolidation layer varies at every location. Probabilistic method can be implemented to evaluate uncertainty of spatial distribution of secondary compression. This study spatially evaluated mean and standard deviation of secondary compression in the overall analyzing region using spatial distribution of consolidation thickness estimated by ordinary kriging method and statistical values of soil properties. And then, the area where secondary compression exceeds a design criterion at the specific time was evaluated using probabilistic method. It was observed that the area exceeding the design criterion increased as the variability of $C_{\alpha}/(1+e_o)$ increased or the probabilistic design criterion 0: decreased. It is considered that the probabilistic method can be used for the geotechnical design of soft ground when a probabilistic design criterion is established in the specification.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.9-15
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• 1968

콘크리트 공사시방에 있어서 강도 최저강도를 지정하는 것이 오늘날 까지의 관습으로 되어있다. 즉, 몇개의 강도시험의 평균치가 얼마이상 이어야 된다든가, 전부의 콘크리트가 얼마 이상의 압축강도를 갖어야 된다든가, 또는 콘크리트는 28일 압축강도 얼마를 낼 수 있도록 콘크리트 단위용 적당 cement를 몇 kg, 혹은 몇 포대를 사용해야 된다 든가로 규정되는 것이 보통으로 되여 있다. 그러나 이 방법만으로는 그 콘크리트의 실제의 안전율을 예측할 수 없을뿐만 아니라 균질한 콘크리트를 얻는것을 기대할 수가 없을 것이다. 즉 합리적인 시방이 되지 못 한다. 두말 할 것도 없이 우리는 현장에서 건축물설계자가 요구하는 강도의 콘크리트를 얻어야 될 것이고, 또 한편으로 그 강도가 골고루 되어야 할 것이다. 즉 강도의 변화가 심하지 않아야 될 것이다. 이것을 기대하기 위하여 concrete 제조현장에서 통계학적 이론에 입각한 품질관리를 행하는 것이다. 그렇게 하므로서 보다 합리적인 시방이 이루어지게 된다. 현재 미국에서는 콘크리트 공사의 큰 현장에서 concrete 생산 품질관리를 행하고 있는 것으로 안다. 그러면 여하한 이론에 입각하여 현장에서 다량으로 concrete를 생산할때에 그 품질을 관리하느냐 하는 것을 현재 미국에서 propose 되여 있는 안과 ASTM에 규정되여 있는것을 중심으로 소개하고 아울러 concrete 공사에서 강도에 관한 시방을 앞으로 이끄러, 나갈 방향을 제시하고저 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.13-20
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• 1995

This paper Is to help the structural engineers for a better understanding of "Earthquake" with regard to the nature o( earthquake and the effect of earthquake on building structures. This reveals that the damage Inflicted upon by earthquake varies with many factors such as : magnitude of earthquake, distance from epicenter, site conditions, building structural characteristics and etc.. It is emphasized that in order to resist very strong earthquake, the ductility demand in the building structure Is important, and the proper duc-tility enables the structure to demonstrate inelastic rotation capacity of the joints and thus the structure may absorb and dissipate the seismic energy. This also presents a comparison between the current Americal UBC Code and the Korean Code, and the author expresses some points of concern on each code. Since earthquake almost invariably strikes at times and places, it is suggested that the current Korean Build-ing Code should be revised to enforce more stringent regulation against possible strong earthquake in the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of the Korean Professional Engineers Association
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.18-21
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• 2000

As consumer, one of the most important things how to get manufactured good is an assurance of quality. We have a consumer protection law which is weaker than product liability law(so called PL law), but stronger than civil law. In this special issue, we want to explain PL law which will be legislated within not long time and to propose a method of protection and defence in building and housing field. As the quality control of constructor, ISO 9000 series for quality assurance and CM (Construction Management) for quality assister are concerned in all construction process. Therefore, above mentioned PL law is very serious problems which are applied in apartment housing, if applied, a little part as not real estate will be possible.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.6 no.1 s.23
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• pp.65-72
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• 2005

The 3D objects far representing artificial element in building project can be easily organized in 4D system. However, the civil engineering projects need a composing technology of irregular triangulate network because the projects generally include earthwork of large scale that consists of cutting, filling, and excavating work. It Is very difficult to represent earthwork status as 3D object type because the earthwork in highway or railway projects is being progressed on the natural geographical features. That is, a composing technology of irregular triangulate networks necessary function to simulate natural site condition as 3D object in 4D system. This study suggests a new composing technology of irregular triangulate network that 3D objects can be automatically generated by attribute in each layer.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.135-145
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• 2019

IFC(Industry Foundation Classes) is used for information exchange in BIM-based collaboration process, and it does not secure reliability of information exchange results between fields due to structural limitations. In the end, it is a realistic problem that we have to use specialized BIM software by field, and we can not secure smooth interoperability in the process of information exchange and change. This study was conducted to find ways to secure the interoperability of BIM work between architecture and structure fields by utilizing Open Source provided by software developers to solve these problems. First, through expert survey and in-depth interview, information and improvement factors required in the process of collaboration between architecture and structure were derived. Second, in order to find a solution to the improvement factors, existing studies related to Open-API and domestic and overseas APIs were investigated and analyzed. Third, Ad-On was developed to secure interoperability by using Open API, mainly BIM S/W, which is mainly used in each field. As a result of the study, the possibility of securing interoperability through the management of the design change history between fields was confirmed by using API. It is judged that the application range of API will be expanded to the construction and maintenance field in the future. Therefore, in order to increase the usability for application diffusion, further research on interface improvement through user-centered verification is needed.