• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.249-261
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• 2008

This study proposes a method for acquiring and managing basic information on building, which is continuously updated through construction and re-construction, in order to implement 3D-GIS based on geometric shape information and building information. First of all, distinctions between BIM and GIS information models are described, and then an overview of CityGML for virtual city and its Level of Detail are introduced. At last, a prototype for extracting building geometry from BIM data in accordance with CityGML is presented for demonstration. By using IFC data from BIM, this approach enables a lot of firms and contractors in building industry to utilize their 2D/3D, data on sites and buildings, and also to save many effects for generating exterior and interior building models which are inevitable for implementing National GIS.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2008

본 연구는 라이다 자료를 이용하여 건물영역을 추출하고 건물모델을 구성하는 선형과 면요소들을 추출하는 기법을 제시하였다. 라이다 자료는 지형지물의 표고값을 정확하고 직접적인 방식으로 제공함으로써 기존의 항공사진에 비하여 매칭과정을 필요로 하지 않는 장점을 가지고 있다. 하지만 라이다 점들은 해당 수평위치에 대한 표고값만을 제공하기 때문에 지표 위의 지형지물들을 추출하기 위해서는 먼저 점들간의 기하학적인 관계를 분석하여 그들을 구성하는 선이나 면요소들을 추출해야 한다. 이를 위하여 본 연구에서는 먼저 라이다 자료를 라스터 형태로 변환한 후, 이미지 프로세싱을 통하여 상대적으로 낫은 영역과 높은 영역으로 분리하여 각각 지형과 건물영역으로 분류하였다. 다음으로 건물영역 경계로부터 건물 외곽선을 추출하고 건물영역 내에 면요소들을 통계분석을 통하여 추출하였다. 실험결과를 통하여 제시한 기법들은 비교적 복잡한 형태의 건물 지붕면과 외곽선을 성공적으로 분할하고 추출할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2020

TRecently, smart cities that solve various problems in cities based on IoT technology are in the spotlight. In particular, cases of BIM application for smooth management of construction and maintenance are increasing, and spatial information is converted into 3D data through convergence technology and used for safety diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to create and combine point clouds of a multi-story building by using a ground laser scanner and a handheld LiDAR SLAM among UAV and LiDAR equipment, supplementing the Occluded area and disadvantages of each technology, examine the effectiveness of indoor and outdoor reverse design by observing shape reproduction and accuracy. As a result of the review, it was confirmed that the coordinate accuracy of the data was improved by creating and combining the indoor and outdoor point clouds of the multi-story building using three technologies. In particular, by supplementing the shortcomings of each technology, the completeness of the shape reproduction of the building was improved, the Occluded area and boundary were clearly distinguished, and the effectiveness of reverse engineering was verified.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.621-629
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• 2011

According to the development of technologies for generating the 3D spatial information, the needs for producing and updating the precise 3D objects with LoD 4 level are increased. On the other hand, the needs for real-time updating of 2D digital maps are expanded, based on the execution of various GIS projects. These 2D informations can be extracted from precisely constructed 3D spatial information, to do this the feasibility studies on extraction of the 2D information from the 3D spatial information is needed. In this study, 3D objects are modeled using multi-oblique images, and the objects are stereo-plotted using digital airborne images, as well. Then the two data sets are compared and analyzed. The results show that the accuracy assessments fulfill the 1/1,000 digital map accuracy standard of regulations for photogrametric surveying of National Geographic Information Institute, but the shapes and the areas of building objects are different between two data sets because of the portrayal standards. Consequently, researchers can conclude that it is possible to generate the building layer of large scale topographic map using multi-oblique images, but additional researches is needed to resolve the problems on differences of the portrayal standards.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2013

This study proposed a map registration method of a building construction plan drawing with shape matching of cadastral parcel polygon. In general, the drawing contains information about a building boundary and a cadastral parcel boundary. The shape of this cadastral parcel boundary should be same as that of the corresponding parcel polygon object in the KLIS continuous cadastral map. Thus, shape matching between two parcel boundary polygons from the drawing and cadastral map could present transformation parameters. Translation and scaling amounts could be obtained by difference of centroid coordinates and area ratio of the polygons, respectively. Rotation amount could be obtained by the rotation that presents the minimum Turning function dissimilarity of the polygons. The proposed method was applied for building construction plan drawings in eAIS for an urban area in Suwon. To assess positional accuracy of map registration, building polygons in registered drawings and aerial photos were compared. According to the accuracy of the cadastral map which is the reference dataset of the proposed method, the RMSE of corresponding buildings' corners was 0.95m and 2.37m in new and old urban areas, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose a method aiming at updating the building information of the digital maps using single high resolution satellite image and digital map. Firstly we produced a digital orthoimage through the automatic co-registration of QuickBird image and 1:1,000 digital map. Secondly we extracted building height information through the template matching of digital map's building vector data and the image's edges obtained by Canny operator. Finally we refined the shape of some buildings by using the result from template matching as the seed polygon of the greedy snake algorithm. In order to evaluate the proposed method's effectiveness, we estimated accuracy of the extracted building information using LiDAR DSM and 1:1,000 digital map. The evaluation results showed the proposed method has a good potential for extraction and revision of building information.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.453-457
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• 2005

3차원 지형공간정보체계에 대한 관심의 증가와 함께 도심지의 3차원 모델링에 관한 다양한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 단색영상을 용하여 영역기반정합이나 형상기반정합을 실시하던 기존의 3차원 모델링 기법은 오정합이 많이 발생할 수 있으며, 모델링에 소요되는 시간이 많이 걸리는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 새로운 3D 모델링에 대한 접근법의 하나의 단계로서 컬러영상으로부터 경계정보와 색상정보를 활용하여 동일건물을 인식하는 방법에 대하여 연구를 수행하였다. 경계정보에 대해서는 보완된 Hausdorff 거리 개념을 사용하였으며, 색상정보에 대해서는 수정된 컬러 인덱싱 기법을 사용하였다 IKONOS영상을 사용하여 실험을 실시한 결과 두 가지 정보를 각각 단독으로 사용하는 경우 보다는 두 가지 정보를 조합하여 사용하는 경우 인식이 보다 효과적으로 이루어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.32 no.4_1
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• pp.311-318
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• 2014

The data of buildings and structures take over large portions of the mapping database with large numbers. Furthermore, those shapes and attributes of building data continuously change over time. Due to those factors, the efficient methodology of updating database for following the most recent data become necessarily. This study has purposed on extracting needed data, which has been changed, by using overlaying analysis of new and old dataset, during updating processes. Following to procedures, we firstly searched for matching pairs of objects from each dataset, and defined the classification algorithm for building updating cases by comparing; those of shape updating cases are divided into 8 cases, while those of attribute updating cases are divided into 4 cases. Also, two updated dataset are set to be automatically saved. For the study, we selected few guidelines; the layer of digital topographic map 1:5000 for the targeted updating data, the building layer of Korea Address Information System map for the reference data, as well as build-up areas in Gwanak-gu, Seoul for the test area. The result of study updated 82.1% in shape and 34.5% in attribute building objects among all.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.262-262
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• 2019

2011년 7월 27일 서울 지역에 내린 시간당 100mm가 넘는 집중호우로 우면산 일대에 산사태가 발생하였고, 그 결과 많은 인명과 재산 피해가 야기되었다. 이러한 토석류로 인한 피해를 저감하기 위한 여러 연구가 이루어진 바 있으나, 대부분의 연구는 연행작용에 대해서 고려하지 못하고 있거나, 인명과 재산 피해의 큰 비중을 차지하는 건물은 모의 분석에 제외되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 연행작용을 고려할 수 있는 Deb2D 모형을 이용하여 하류부에서 토석류의 유동을 건물의 유/무를 구분하여 분석하였다. 우면산 북측사면의 산사태 전 후의 항공 LiDAR DEM을 활용하여 DB를 확보하였고, 추가적으로 수치지형도를 통해 얻은 피해지역 건물들의 형상을 Deb2D 모형에 적용하여 실제 환경과 가까운 모의를 수행하였다. 이러한 자료들을 바탕으로 Deb2D 모형을 이용한 토석류 유동의 분석 및 모의실험을 진행하였고, 발생 지역의 정보가 부족하다는 점을 고려하여 지질특성에 따른 매개변수를 다양한 값으로 산정하여 토석류의 유동을 비교 분석하였다. 건물의 유/무에 따른 토석류 유동의 차이는 유역 하류부인 피해지역에서 모의실험을 통해 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 연행작용과 건물의 정보를 분석 모형에 추가함으로써 실질적인 인명과 재산 피해를 예측하고, 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.777-788
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• 2006

This paper describes a displacement mapping technique which represents protruded shapes on the surface of an object. Previous approaches for image-based displacement mapping can represent only shapes depressed from the polygon surface. The proposed technique can represent shapes protruded from the underlying surface in real-time. Two auxiliary surfaces which are perpendicular to the underlying surface are added along the boundary of the polygon surface, in order to represent the pixels which overflow over the boundary of the polygon surface. The proposed approach can represent accurate silhouette of protruded shape. It can represent not only smooth displacement of protruded shape, but also abrupt displacement such as perpendicular protrusion by means of adding the supplementary texture information to the steep surface of protruded shape. By per-pixel instructions on the programmable GPU this approach can be executed in real-time. It provides an effective solution for the representation of protruded shape such as high-rise buildings on the ground.