• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.514-524
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between working poverty and health status among Korean workers. Methods: This study is secondary analysis of data extracted from the 2018 Community Health Survey. For the present analysis, 23,575 of the working poor whose household disposable income is below 50.0% of the national median and 111,443 of the working nonpoor were selected. Based on existing literature, a set of variables were chosen from the Community Health Survey. Health status was measured using self-rated health status measure, Patient health Questionnire-9, and EuroQol-5dimension. Results: The proportion of subjective unhealthy status, depressive symptoms, and poor quality of life were significantly higher among the working poor than among the working nonpoor. After adjusting for general characteristics and health behavior factors, the working poverty was a significant predictor of subjective unhealthy status (AOR=1.32, 95% CI=1.25~1.40), depressive symptoms (AOR=1.61, 95% CI=1.38~1.88]), and poor quality of life (β=-0.02, p<.001). Conclusion: The current study confirmed the health disparities between the working poor and the working nonpoor. Therefore, health care programs and policies are required for reducing the health inequalities among the workers.

• 한국노년학
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.959-976
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• 2019

본 연구는 노인의 인구사회학적 특성에 따라 노인의 평생교육 참여양상에 차이가 있는지를 밝히는 것이 목적이다. 이를 위해 한국보건사회연구원이 실시한 「2017년 노인실태조사」의 원자료를 바탕으로 65세 이상 노인 10,073명의 성별, 연령, 학력, 연가구소득, 최장기 일자리 지위, 건강상태에 따라 평생교육 참여여부, 참여영역, 참여기관, 참여빈도에 차이가 있는지를 분석하였다. 연구결과 여성(성별), 70-74세, 75-79세(연령), 중학교 재학/졸업, 고등학교 재학/졸업, 전문대학 휴학 이상(학력), 상용근로자, 무급가족종사자(최장기 일자리 지위), 그리고 건강상태의 노인집단이 평생교육에 보다 많이 참여하였다. 중학교 졸업 이하의 학력집단과 고등학교 졸업이상 집단, 그리고 제1, 2분위 소득집단과 제3, 4, 5분위 소득집단 간에 유의미한 평생교육 참여영역에 차이가 발견되었다. 평생교육 참여기관과 관련해서는 노인복지관, 경로당, 노인교실은 70세 이상, 중학교 학력 이하, 3분위 소득 이하, 건강이 나쁜 집단이 참여하는 경향이 나타났다. 그리고 평생교육 참여빈도와 관련해서는 무학에 비해 고등학교 재학/졸업 및 전문대학 휴학 이상 집단이, 무급가족종사자에 비해 상용근로자 집단이 자주 평생교육에 참여하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 우려되고 있는 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 평생교육 참여 불평등 현상이 노인 집단 안에서도 있다는 것을 밝힐 수 있다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.277-289
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the cross-sectional association of company size and self-rated health using representative data on Korean workers. Methods: We used the data from 2,884 wage workers collected by Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (17th). The association between company size and self-rated health was analyzed using logistic regression with covariates including demographic characteristics, work environment, job satisfaction, and health-related behaviors. Resulst: Odds ratio (OR) for better health status among workers in large-sized company was 1.351 (CI. 1.054~1.731), compared to workers in small-sized company. We performed three separate models stratified by firm size (small, medium, and large companies). Occupation variables showed different effect on health depending on firm sizes. OR for better health of white-color job (referred to blue-color job) was 1.693 in medium-sized company model but it was 0.615 in large company model. OR for better health of the workers working shift work showed 0.606 in large company model but it was not significant in small and medium company models. Conclusion: We found that small-sized company workers have significantly poor self-rated health compared to large-sized firm workers. This study revealed that there exist differences among health related factors depending on firm sizes.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.565-575
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• 2019

Objectives: In this study, both subjective and objective levels of oral health were used to identify the relationship between oral health inequalities. Methods: Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey data from 2013 to 2015 were combined to create an analysis plan. Oral health questions categorized as subjective oral health conditions and oral health-related diseases used dental tissue disease status as data measured by the Community Periodical Index(CPI) and decayed, missing, filled teeth(DMFT) experience. Other data on oral health behaviors such as toothache experience, the frequency of toothbrush use, chewing problems, oral examination status, and unmet dental care needs were classified and analyzed according to the socioeconomic level. Data were analyzed using frequency and cross analyses, and the statistical significance level was set at 0.05. Results: It was found that higher the economic and educational level, better was the subjective oral health, lower the CPI, lower the experience of toothache, higher the frequency of toothbrush use, lower the number of people having chewing problems, and higher the frequency of oral checkups. Conclusions: Oral health inequality exists among social classes. It is suggested that continuous research and efforts be carried out to promote oral health while considering socioeconomic and educational levels. Further, active government efforts will be needed to address polarization by social class.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.444-453
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• 2014

환경위험의 피해가 환경불평등과 사회불평등의 상호작용으로 인해 환경약자가 더 많이 피해를 받게 되는 환경 피해 불평등이 심화될 것으로 전망되고 있다. 본 연구는 서울시를 대상으로 미국 캘리포니아 환경보호청에서 개발한 환경보건 스크리닝 툴을 적용하여 통합적인 지역 규모의 누적영향을 평가하였다. 환경보건 취약지역을 스크리닝하기 위하여 환경노출과 건강영향의 환경부담, 민감집단과 사회경제적 요인의 인구특성에 따라 10개 지표를 선정하였다. 환경보건 스크리닝 툴을 통하여 2009~2011년 서울시 누적영향평가를 실시한 결과, 서울의 강서와 강남지역에서 위험요인이 높게 나타났며 강서지역은 환경부담과 인구특성 모두에서 위험요인이 높았고, 강남지역은 환경부담요인이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과는 민감 취약계층 등 환경약자를 고려한, 공정하고 효율적인 환경정책을 추진하기 위한 과학적인 근거를 제공할 수 있다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.109-121
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the barriers and improvements to promoting physical activity among children using community child care centers. Methods: A qualitative research using focus group interviews was employed. Three focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 18 service providers, and open-ended questions were used. All interviews were recorded as they were spoken and transcribed and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Two main themes in the barriers to promoting physical activity were 'lack of resources' and 'limitations of program composition'. In addition, five sub-themes emerged as a result of analysis: 1) lack of human resources, 2) lack of finance, 3) lack of space, 4) one-off and short-term physical activity programs, 5) learning-oriented programs. Conclusion: The results indicate that it is necessary to have adequate human resources and a realistic government subsidy that allow community child care centers to provide sufficient services to children. In addition, promoting physical activity can be achieved through physical activity programs focused on peer group advisors, habituation, and development of programs suited to the needs of children and their environment.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.447-453
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• 2007

Although the New National Health Promotion Plan 2010 target to reduce health inequalities, whether the program will be effective for reducing the health inequalities in Korea remains quite unclear. More and more developed countries have been started to concentrate on comprehensive policies for reducing health inequalities. The health policies of the UK, Netherlands, and Sweden are the most wellknown. I propose that a comprehensive blueprint for tackling health inequalities in Korea should be made and that it must contain five domains: a target, structure and process, life-course approach, area-based approach, and reorganization of health care resources. The target should be based on determinants of health and more attention should be paid to socioeconmic factors. The structure and process require changes from the national health care policy based on medical services to the national health policy that involves the establishment of a Social Deputy?Prime Minister and the strengthening multidisciplinary action. A life-course approach especially focused on the early childhood years. Area-based approach such as the establishment of healthy communities, healthy schools, or healthy work-places which are focused on deprived areas or places is also required. Finally, health care resources should be a greater investment on public resources and strengthening primary care to reduce health inequalities. The policy or intervention studies for tackling health inequalities should be implemented much more in Korea. In addition, it is essential to have political will to encoruage policy action.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of this study is to summarize the current conditions and implications of health inequalities in South Korea. Methods : Through a literature review of empirical studies and supplementary analysis of the data presented in the 1998, 2001, and 2005 KNHANEs, we evaluated the extent and trends of socioeconomic inequalities in both health risk factors, such as smoking, physical activity, and obesity, and outcomes, such as total mortality, subjective poor health status by self-reports and metabolic syndrome. Relative risks and odds ratios were used to measure differences across socioeconomic groups, and the relative index of inequality was used to evaluate the changes in inequalities over time. Results : We found clear inequalities to various degrees?in most health indicators. While little change was observed in mortality differences over time, the socioeconomic gaps in risk factors and morbidity have been widening, with much larger differences among the younger population. Conclusions : Socioeconomic inequalities are pervasive across various health indicators, and some of them are increasing. The trends in socioeconomic inequalities in health should be carefully monitored, and comprehensive measures to alleviate health inequalities are needed, especially for young populations.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2015

Objectives: Socioeconomic factors are one of the significant factors explaining drinking problems in our society. From the poverty and inequality perspective, not only absolute poverty but perceived level of poverty or inequality has a direct effect on one's health and health behaviors. The purpose of the study is to explore the growth trajectories of problem drinking in Korea in relation to poverty and perceived income. Methods: Data from 13,414 adults were analyzed using 4 years of data (2010 to 2014) from the Korea Welfare Panel. Main variables included poverty status, perceived income inequality, and problem drinking. A latent growth modeling was employed for the analysis. Results: The non-poverty group had higher initial level of problem drinking; however, the poverty group showed higher rate of increase in problem drinking rate. The perceived income inequality had no significant influence on the initial level, but over time, those with higher level of perceived income inequality showed higher rate of increase in problem drinking. Conclusions: Findings showed that poverty and inequality affect changes in problem drinking. Efforts to prevent and decrease problems related to alcohol should not only focus on changing individuals' behavior but also on decreasing the inequality gap.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.593-603
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 건강상태를 선행요소로 두고 건강수준의 차이가 노화가 진행되는 과정에서 노후소득수준에 미치는 영향을 분석하는데 있다. 이를 위해 국민연금공단의 국민노후보장패널자료를 사용하여 1차(2005년)부터 6차년(2015년)까지 10년 동안 종단자료에 모두 존재하는 923명을 최종 분석대상으로 선정하였다. 기술통계분석결과 노년초기건강상태의 차이에 따라 노후소득차이가 발생하는 것으로 조사되었다. 즉, 56~60세 노년초기의 건강상태가 양호한 대상자가 건강하지 못한 대상자에 비해 상대적으로 높은 경제적 수준을 10년간 지속하고 있었다. 다중회귀분석결과에서는 성별, 배우자유무, 교육수준의 효과를 통제한 경우 통계적으로 유의한 수준에서 노년초기건강상태가 좋을수록 소득수준이 증가하였다. 또한 노년초기 건강상태가 좋은 고령층은 건강하지 못한 고령층보다 노후소득이 높았으며, 건강상태에 따른 소득차이가 고령화와 함께 지속되고 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 노년초기건강상태의 향상과 노년초기 건강상태가 노후소득에 미치는 부정적 영향을 완화시킬 수 있는 정책적 실천적 방안들을 제시하고 있다.