• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

Recently, evacuation safety of a resident of building become the major concern, because building has been higher and more complicated. Buildings in Korea should install the natural smoke venting or mechanical smoke exhaust equipment according to the building law. The smoke control is the most important to guarantee the evacuation safety. This study evaluate the influence to the height and temperature of smoke layer by enlarging smoke vent size and operating sprinkler system using CFAST (Version 6). Smoke venting size is larger, the effect to height and temperature of smoke layer is increased in below 5 MW fire. But, the correlation of these is decreased in above 10 MW fire. The case that opened smoke vent and sprinklered are applied, life safety criteria are satisfied regardless of fire size. After design the fire scenario according to the service and size of building. Install the smoke vent suitable for the fire size and verify that by experiment or simulation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2010

Recently, evacuation safety of building resident become the major concern, as the building has been higher and more complicated. Many high-rise multi use buildings are under construction in Korea. Required evacuation time using stairway is longer in high-rise buildings, moreover it is impossible for the disabled to evacuate by using stairway. For this reason the study on the effectiveness of using elevator for evacuation is progressing. This study shows the pressure change in various types of hoistway when elevator is moving. Experiments were performed in 4 different types of hoistway, and showed big difference in pressure change between the type of hoistway. The pressure change in single hoistway that have one car is bigger than that in multi hoistway that have multi cars. The results of this study can be used for the study of elevator piston effect as basic data.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.467-491
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• 2015

This paper aims at analyzing the characteristics of the immigration path, residential location, and housing ownership structure of Korean immigrants in London metropolitan area. The main results of this study are as follows. Firstly, factors influencing the initial residential location of Korean immigrants are situation of immigrants, immigration region, and help of prior Korean immigrants. Secondly, factors influencing the current residential location of Korean immigrants are income, ability of English, education at United Kingdom, and initial residential location. Thirdly, viewing the characteristics of the of housing ownership structure, migrants tend to reside their own housings while migration period go beyond 10 years and incomes exceed ${\pounds}$50,000. Forth, immigration path types of London Korean Immigrants are divided by ethnic enclave oriented type and mainstream society oriented type.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.251-256
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• 2018

There have been various studies being conducted to prepare for aging society due to the recent trend of rapid aging. The silver industry such as wellness, senior monitoring and support service, and emergency medical assistance services for the elderly is growing fast. However, due to economic problems, limited services are being provided. In addition, the problem of residence of elderly people and care of elderly patients are also becoming important issues to be solved. Aging in Place is emerging as an alternative to solve the problem of local deviation, controlled communication, and loss of self-sufficiency in the process of residents residing in the facility. In this paper, we propose IoT environment construction for ICT based Aging in Place information extension support. By building an IoT environment for Aging in Place support, users can be provided with services that can meet their needs in a familiar environment. The proposed method builds an environment that can be self-supporting based on the user's information and provides medical, transportation, and life support services for the elderly.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.947-954
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• 2017

In case of a fire in urban large structures such as super high-rise buildings, evacuation guidance must be provided to the occupants in order to minimize human deaths and injuries. Therefore, it is essential to provide emergency evacuation guidance when a major fire occurs. In order to effectively support evacuation guidance, it is important to identify major items such as fire location, occupant position, escape route, etc. Also, it is important to quickly identify evacuation areas where residents can safely evacuate from a fire. In this paper, we analyze the CCTV video and propose a method of measuring visibility of the evacuation zone from the smoke caused by the fire in order to determine the safety of evacuation area. To do this, we first extract the background video from the smoke video to measure the visibility of the specific area due to smoke. After generating an edge-extracted image for the extracted background video, the degree of visibility is measured by calculating the change in the edge strength due to smoke.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.43-48
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• 2012

Recently, evacuation safety of building resident become the major concern, as the building has been higher and more complicated. Required evacuation time using stairway is longer in high-rise buildings, moreover it is impossible for the disabled to evacuate by using stairway. For this reason the study on the effectiveness of using elevator for evacuation is progressing. This study shows the flow coefficient of hoistway when elevator is moving. The results of this study can be used for the study of elevator piston effect as basic data. Experiments were performed in 5 different hoistways at 3-story and 2-story buildings. According to the result of flow coefficient experiments, average flow coefficient is 0.954. Considering the $4{\sigma}$ to guarantee 99.99 % reliance, it is 0.86. This result is 3.6 % bigger than 0.83 that Klote and Tamura suggested. It represents that the maximum critical pressure is decreased about 7 % on the same condition of elevator and elevator shaft. When the smoke control performance of high-rise building is evaluated, the result is significant economically by applying a more realistic and less value of elevator piston effect.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.507-520
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in the housing instability of low-income households through their residential mobility. The concept of housing instability is measured by taking into consideration of housing types, number of moves, period of homelessness, and housing affordability index. The result of this study shows that housing instability of low-income households owned their homes is mainly caused from their old housing built in at least 1980, and that of tenant households is due to the heavy burden of rent-to-income ratio. By using multinominal logit model, the study finds that low-income tenant households are more likely to move upwards as they are man-headed, aged and relatively high-income if we categorize residential mobility into four types: upwards, equivalent, trade-off, and downwards migration. Considering that the share of homeowners moving downwards increases while the share of tenants moving upwards decreases as they reside increasingly nearby Seoul, the study finds that low-income households living in big cities are no better off to improve their residential instability for themselves than the low-incomes in local small and midium cities. Furthermore, both low-income owners and tenants are less likely to move downwards as the ratio of single-family housing in former residence increases. Such finding has a policy implication that government needs to maintain affordable single-family housing stock rather than supplying excessive unaffordable multi-family housing in order to enhance residential instability of low-incomes households.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2024

This research explores the household and housing characteristics of young renters aged between 19 and 34 living independently in rental housing of non-Seoul Metropolitan Area (non-SMA) and to determine the factors of their housing affordability and residential environment qualities in two districts of non-SMA - metropolises and non-metropolises. Using the 2020 Korean Housing Survey (KHS), this study identified 1,191 unmarried young renters, and most were single adults in mid-twenties who were salaried workers with a bachelor's degree or higher. Also, many lived in single-room occupancy of non-APT housing for less than 2 years and rarely relied on social services. The findings showed that the distinction of local housing market between metropolises and non-metropolises forced the former to spend more housing expense (tenancy deposit and rental fees) than the latter. With regard to housing affordability indices (Schwabe index, housing expense ratio and rent to income ratio), most were housing cost-burdened and nearly one quarter were severely rent-burdened. The regression analysis indicated that housing affordability in both districts was positively affected by income increase and social services, and housing satisfaction in non-metropolises was added to its determinants. Further, residential environment qualities were largely divided into two groups of livelihood and urban infrastructure, and the two factors influenced residential assessment in both districts. Since young renters interdependently living had suffered with housing affordability, both income growth and housing assistance are critically required to enable them not just to reduce the burden but to ensure livability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.104-110
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• 1995

지반과 구조물의 동적 상호작용은 건설분야에서의 중요한 현상으로, 특히 지반을 통해 인근구조물로 전달되는 진동은 구조물 자체의 구조적인 문제 뿐 아니라 그 속에 거주하는 사람이나 설비에 대한 안전성 또는 사용성에 나쁜 영향을 야기할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 진동을 저감시키기 위해, 지반내에 정상적인 진동전파를 방해하는 구조물을 시공하여 진동 저감효과를 만들어 내는 방법을 연구하였다. 이러한 연구의 발상은 다음과 같다. 충진지반에서의 지반진동의 진폭을 해석하면서 진동의 크기가 기저암의 위치에 따라 큰 영향을 받는 것을 알았고 이로부터 지반내에 인위적인 층을 만들수 있다면 지반진동의 크기를 변화시킬 수 있지 않을까라는 생각에서 본 연구를 시작하였다. 또한 지반 내에서의 정상적인 진동의 전파를 방해하기 위한 차진 구조물을 만드는 방법은 연약지반의 강도중대 또는 차수의 목적으로 주로 사용하고 있는 그라우팅공법의 사용이 가능할 것이므로, 기존의 그라우팅현장에서 만들어진 지반의 물성치들을 사용하여 경계요소법에 의한 수치해석적 방법을 택하였다. 본 연구에서는 그라우팅공법의 시공성에 관한 것은 포함되지 않는다. 본 논문에서는 지반의 구조를 경사구조와 수평지반구조라는 두가지 특징적인 경우에 대해 검토하였다. 이중 경사진 기저암층을 가진 지반의 경우에는 기저암에서 진동의 비대칭적인 반사에 의해 수평기저암에서와는 달리 기저암의 한쪽에서 다른쪽에 비해 큰 진동이 발생한다. 그라우팅층의 효과를 검토하기 위한 연구의 순서는 일정주파수의 조화진동에 대해 먼저 여러 가지 크기의 그라우팅층과 함께 블록으로 볼 수 있는 크기의 그라우팅층에 대해 진동저감효과를 해석하였고, 이를 통해 보강층의 소요크기 및 최적위치를 구하였다. 사용된 물성치는 실제 지하철 건설현장에서 나타난 지반물성치 및 그라우팅후의 지반강도 및 전단파전파속도를 이용하였다. 또한 마지막에서 검토된 기차하중에 대한 효과를 알아보기 위해 사용된 기차운행에 의한 지반가속도도 역시 측정된 값을 사용하였다. 그러나 당시의 기차운행속도가 낮아 정상적인 운행에서는 더 큰 값이 나올 것으로 판단되었으나 측정된 값을 그대로 사용하였다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.265-273
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• 2008

The problem controlling lateral drift by the wind and the earthquake is very important in high rise buildings. But, outrigger system, generally used for residential tall buildings in Korea, has weak points with the occupancy of special space, the difficult construction and the long duration of works. On the other hand, the damper reduces story drifts of building structure by absorbing vibration energy induced by the dynamic loads and the application of damper systems is relatively simple. Also, the lateral drift control system such as outrigger system may raise the wind vibration problem of serviceability like human comfort and this problem may need another vibration control devices. Accordingly, we analyze the effect of the drift control using various dampers to substitute for outrigger system as the efficient system in residential tall buildings.