• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.57-62
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• 1973

한국의 뽕나무 해충은 210종 이상이 기록되었다. 과거 4반세기 동안 다수의 합성농약이 농림해충 및 위생해충 방제에 큰 공헌을 해 온 것은 주지의 사실이다. 그러나 뽕나무의 해충에 대해서는 농약에 대한 내약력이 가장 약한 누에에 미칠 악영향 때문에 여러 가지 어려운 점이 많아서 외국에서도 잔효성이 짧은 TEPP 또는 DDVP등이 사용되고 있을 정도이다. 한국에서도 뽕나무순혹파리 방제를 위해서 초여름에 BHC 분제의 토양처리가 실천되어 왔으며 근래에는 뽕나무애바구미의 피해가 심해져서 몇 가지 살충제로 방제시험이 백에 의해서 이루어 졌을 뿐이다· 따라서 뽕나무해풍 방제를 위해서는 천적을 이용한 방제가 바람직하다 하겠다. 필자들은 우선 천적으로서의 거미의 분포 실태를 파악하기 위하여 수원시 소재 잠업시험장 뽕밭에서 1971-72년에 조사하였다. (Fig. 1) 조사된 뽕밭의 면적을 27a이었으며 9개의 조사구를 택하고 이것을 생태적 환경에 따라 3군으로 나누어 비교해 보았다. A, B 및 C구는 동쪽 가에 위치하며 가로등과 3개의 잠실의 등불의 영향을 받아 해충의 밀도가 높았으며 E, D 및 H구는 뽕밭의 중앙부이며 뽕나무 오갈병의 피해가 심하여 뽕나무가 작았고 또한 결주도 많았다. F, G 및 I구는 도로를 격하고 뽕밭 또는 초지에 면한 가장자리 이었 다. 이밖에 수시로 근처의 딴 뽕밭에서 채집한 것도 포함하여 4,987마리의 거미를 조사한 바 17과 47속 66종에 이르렀다. 이것을 Abe의 보고와 비교한 때 종수가 월등 많았으며 또한 Kayashima의 보고와는 달리 풀거미속(Agelena)거미가 훨씬 적은 것이 특이하였다. 채집된 거미를 그 생태에 기초하여 4군으로 나누어 천적으로서의 가치를 비교해 보면 다음과 같다. A군 : 대형의 둥근 망을 치는 종류들로서 날으는 곤충을 잡아먹는데 천적으로서 그다지 중요하지는 않다. 106주에서 245마리가 채집되었으며 (Tetragnatha squamata)가 우량종이었다. B군 : 소형의 둥근 망을 가지나 잎사이에 치는 종들로서 비록 몸은 작지만 가장 중요한 천적이다. 꼬마거미과 애접시거미과에 속하는 거미들이며 18종, 2,815마리가 잡혔다 우점종은 (Erigoridium raminicola),(Theridion octomaculata) (Enoplognatha spp.)이었다. C군 : 떠돌이거미로서 소형곤충을 잡아먹어 유력한 천적이다 26종 1,727마리가 잡혔으며 게거미과, 깡총거미과 및 염낭거미과의 거미들이 우점종이었다. D군 : 지상을 걸어다니는 떠돌이거미로서 늑대거미과가 약간 잡혔으나 천적으로서 중요한 것으로는 생각되지 않는다. 앞으로 이들과 해충과의 관계를 조사구명 해야 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.108-113
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• 2010

Spider fauna of Mt. Gajisan in Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do was investigated from June to October. Collecting spiders was made by sweeping, beating, sieving and pitfall trapping. Total 66 species of 59 genera belonging to 20 families were identified from 317 collected spiders. Species richness was high in Salticidae (12 species, 20.0%), Theridiidae (8 species, 12.1%), Linyphiidae (5 species, 7.6%), Araneidae, Corinnidae, Gnaphosiade and Thomisidae (4 species, 6.1% repectively), Tetragnathidae, Amaurobiidae and Philodromidae (3 species, 4.5% repectively). Zoogeographical species were 1 Pantropical species (1.5%), 4 Palearctic species (6.1%) and 3 Korean endemic species (4.5%). This result will be a valuable monitoring data in comparative study of mountain spiders.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.476-491
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• 2017

The water spider (Argyroneta aquatica), a rare member of its species, is one of the few insects known to live under water all over the world. In Korea, the water spider can be found only in the Eundae-ri, Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi province, where they are designated as a natural monument. However, loss of habitat is obvious, as the Eundae-ri wetland undergoes hydrarch succession. Loss of habitat has a direct impact on the water spider population. Thus protective measures for the water spider are needed to preserve the water spider habitat. In this study, a sweeping and visual survey of insect species was conducted in the water spider habitat from May to September 2015. The characteristics of each one of the different insect species and the community features were analyzed in this study. A total of 3,929 insects representing 276 species from 13 orders collected for the analysis. The most frequently collected insects from the Order Hemiptera represented 24.2% of total species and 82.3% of the total number of insects. Community analyses showed dominance, diversity, evenness, and richness indices of 0.23, 2.27, 0.41, and 31.2, respectively. Compared with the previous survey data, these results showed that reduction of the spider's wetland habitat caused the most commonly collected insects to adapt and spread to the surrounding terrestrial environment.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.199-210
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• 1997

The spider fauna of Kogum-do located in the south sea of Korea was investigated. As a result, the author presents a list of 82 species of 44 genera in 17 families and redescribes 2 species, Achaearanea oculipromiensis and Sittius avocator, newly known to Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-32
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• 2000

A faunistic study on the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Mt. Jumbong Kangwon-do was carried out from 1996 to 1999. During the survey period, 144 species of 88 genera belonging to 27 families including 5 undetermined species were identified from 900 collecting individuals. The dominant families were Linyphiidae 21 species; 14.6% of total species), Araneidae (20 species, 13.9%), Theridiidae (16 species, 11.1%), and Salticidae 12 species, 8.3%). The composition of the species of web builders was richer than that of hunters. As for species commonness with adjacent countries, the numbers of common species between Mt. Jumbong and Japan, Mt. Jumbong and China, and Mt. Jumbong and Russia were 15 species (80.4%), 98 species (68.5%), and 48 species (33.6%), respectively. The number of common species among these four regions were 39 species (27.3%). So, the spider species composition in Mt. Jumbong seemed being much similar to those in neighbor countries. An outline of biogeographical distribution of spiders can be summarized as 1 Cosmopolitan species (0.7%), 16 Palearctic species (11.2%), 7 Holarctic species (4.9%), 25 Korean endemic species (17.4%) and no Oriental species. In the spider fauna at Mt. Jumbong, therefore, there are high level of occurrence of Korean endemic species with northern spiders as Palearctic and Holarctic species. The level and direction of man-made development may have negative effect on regional biota.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.12-23
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• 2009

To verify hybridity of Asplenium castaneo-viride, external morphology, spore morphology, anatomy and chromosomes of the species and of the two presumed parental species, A. incisum and A. ruprechtii, were examined. A. castaneo-viride usually had 1-pinnately divided frond. However, some individuals had almost simple fronds with pinnatisect basal parts similar to A. ruprechtii, while others had fronds similar to A. incisum in having oblanceolate blades and basal pinnae with triangular, 2-3 lobed apices. On the surface of the spores, sculpturing consisted of folds that were usually prominent; forming long wings, and irregular or incomplete reticulation. However, reticulation patterns varied among species. A. castaneo-viride showed a wide range of variation from sparse to dense patterns, whereas A. incisum showed only from sparse to intermediate patterns. A. ruprechtii showed from intermediate to dense patterns. The spore size of A. castaneo-viride was $54.63{\mu}m$, larger than other two species ($47.81{\mu}m$ in A. incisum and $44.22{\mu}m$ in A. ruprechtii). The level of undulation of epidermal cell wall was also different. A. incisum had the most shallowly undulated wall, and A. castaneo-viride had a pattern intermediate between the two presumed parental species. This same patterns was recognized in the density of stomata. The density of $45.91/mm^2$ in A. castaneo-viride was intermediate between the two presumed parental species ($67.00/mm^2$ in A. incisum, and $37.86/mm^2$ in A. ruprechtii). Chromosome number was constant (2x =2n = 72) as in A. incisum and A. ruprechtii. However, A. castaneo-viride showed a different ploidy level. The populations of Mt. Mai (Jeonbuk province) and Mt. Duryun (Jeonnam province) were diploid (2n = 72) which is a new record for this taxon, whereas the population of Mt. Buram (Seoul) was tetraploid (2n = 144). Conclusively, A. castaneo-viride was revealed to be a hybrid of A. ruprechtii and A. incisum based on evidence involving leaves, spores, epidermal cells, stomata and chromosome number.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.113-117
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• 2000

The spider fauna of Namhai Island was investigated from 21 to 25 Aug 1998. As a result,81 species of 43 genera under 15 families were collected. Identified spiders are composed of 30.8% Palaearctic, 28.4% Palaearctic and Oriental, 6.1% Holarctic, 2.4% Oriental, and 3.7% Cosmopolitan species. Araneid, salticid and theridiid spiders appeared to be dominant among the spiders. Common species with Japan and China were 56(69.1%) AND 55 (67.1%) species, respectively.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.120-133
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• 1996

Ants have been collected at Naejangsan Nat. Park from June, 1995 to October, 1996. As a result of all the collections were examined, 45 species of 22 genera under 4 subfamiles were identified.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2015

Since based on the revised educational curriculum, the insects and spiders in eight biology textbooks I and II of high school are as follows. In class level, two classes, Insecta and Arachnida were investigated and their frequence numbers in the textbooks were a total of 143 times. In order level, 12 orders in insecta, 2 orders in Aranea were appeared in the textbooks. The most appearing frequence number was represented in Lepidoptera (33 times) and then in Araneae (11 times). For each publisher, the most appearing frequencies of insecta and spiders was shown in Gyohaksa (23 times), and then in Hyeongseol and Centurla education research institute (21times, respectively). In the textbooks, four species were found to misidentify in their species name and five mistakes were investigated in their photos and content.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.77-86
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• 2012

The morphological and histologic differentiation of the central nervous system (CNS) in the wolf spider Arctosa kwangreungensis with respect to postembryonic development are studied using light and scanning electron microscopes. The organization of CNS which consisted of supraesophageal ganglion (SpG) and subesophageal ganglion (SbG) are established prior to the postembryo stage. The brain of first instar spiderling after a molt of the postembryo is also made up of supraesophageal ganglion and subesophageal ganglion. Although development of the optic nerve and optic lobe in SpG are not completed during the postembryoic stage, completion of whole neural system resemble to that of adult are established during the second instar stage. In particular, optic gangalion is developed from the undifferentiated cell clusters of the SpG, moreover four pairs of appendage ganglia and another pairs of abdominal ganglia are produced from the SbG. Nerve cells of the most developing stages are composed of typical monopolar neur1ons, and total three types of neurons can be identified through the histological and morphological basis of present study. These cell clusters are differentiated into neurons and grow dendritic fibers according to further development of the CNS.