• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.383-387
• /
• 2006

This study was performed to clarify the effect of oculo-acupuncture(OA) on change of gastric contraction. Twenty-four clinically healthy mongrel dogs were used and divided into two groups regarding feeding condition; non-acupoint group (n=6) and Stomach/spleen region group (n=6) were stimulated by OA. In addition, 12 dogs were fasted for 24 hrs and divided into two groups; non-acupoint group (n=6) and Stomach/speen region group (n=6) was stimulated by OA. The change in frequency of gastric contraction was measured via abdominal ultrasound before, 0, 30, 60 and 120 minutes after OA. Significant differences were detected at 30 mins (p<0.05), 60 mins (p<0.05) and 120 mins (p<0.01) in the Stomach/speen region group, compared with those of non-acupoint group in feeding condition.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.1047-1053
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Korean red pine bark extract as an antibiotic replacement on cecum microflora, immune functions, blood lipids, carcass characteristics, and growth performance in broiler chickens. There were four treatment groups: a control group, an antibiotic group, and two treatment groups receiving 65 and 80 ppm Korean red pine bark extract. Growth performance, carcass weight, dressing percentage, and breast and thigh muscle weight of the broiler chickens fed 80 ppm of red pine bark extract was higher than the broilers of the control group and the antibiotic group. Abdominal fat was lower in both groups of broiler chickens fed red pine bark extract, but the growth of immune organs such as the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius was significantly higher in the group that received a diet supplemented with 80 ppm red pine bark extract than in the control group and antibiotic group. Concentrations of triacylglyceride and total cholesterol were significantly lower in both groups that received red pine bark extract when compared to the control group and the antibiotic group. The concentration of serum IgG was significantly higher in the 80 ppm red pine bark extract group than in the control group and the antibiotic group. The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the cecum digesta were significantly increased, while the numbers of Escherichia coli and Salmonella were significantly reduced in the group that received 80 ppm red pine bark extract when compared to the control group and the antibiotic group. These results suggest that the a diet with 80 ppm Korean red pine bark extract as a replacement for antibiotics improve the cecum microflora, immune functions, blood lipids, carcass characteristics and growth performance of broiler chickens.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.51-55
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to evaluate the muscle quality of the olive flounder fed on extruded pellet (EP) diets compared with a raw fish moist pellet (MP) diet for olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus in a commercial scale for a year. The sensory and physical qualities and palatable compounds were compared for evaluation of muscle quality in fish. Four diets were formulated for this experiment: two experimental EP diets (EP 1 and 2), one commercial EP diet (CEP) and MP diet. Crude lipid of fish fed EP1 and EP2 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of fish fed CEP, but not significantly different from that of fish fed MP (P>0.05). In the palatable compounds, the free amino acids composition were much alike in that of all the diets. Proline, glycine and alanine from fish fed diet EPs were the most abundant compound among amino acid compositions. There was little difference in the free amino acid compositions of all flounder from localities and the growing conditions between wild and cultured fishes. Taurine of fish fed EP1 was dominantly high over that of fish fed EP2, CEP and MP. In all nucleotides and their related compounds, ATP and IMP from fish fed EP diets were higher (P<0.05) than those of fish fed MP. In the sensory score, overall-acceptability of fish fed EP2 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of fish fed EP1, CEP and MP. Hardness of physical properties from fish fed EP2 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of fish fed CEP (P<0.01). These results strongly suggest that diets EP could be developed to replace MP diet for the grow-out stage of olive flounder without adverse effect on growth performance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.11
• /
• pp.427-434
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with condensed molasses soluble (CMS), which has economically benefitted as an alternative ingredient of molasses, on growth performance and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 160 cross-bred growing pigs (LY×D) having body weight 27.3±1.78 kg, were allotted to 1 of the 4 treatment groups with 4 replications each, in a completely random block design. The experimental diet consisted of a basal diet (CON), with supplementation of molasses 3% (MOL 3.0), CMS 1.5% (CMS 1.5), and CMS 3% (CMS 3.0) to basal diet. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 70 days. We observed higher feed intake in the MOL 1.5, CMS 1.5, and CMS 3.0 groups than CON group. The final body weight and weight gain were significantly improved in the CMS 3.0 group (p<0.05), as compared to CON group. Evaluation of the meat quality revealed no significant difference in water holding capacity, heating loss, and pH, among all experiment groups. This study indicates that feeding CMS results in improved growth performance in growing-finishing pigs without deterioration in meat quality, and has the potential to be used as an alternative ingredient of molasses in swine feed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.232-241
• /
• 2017

This paper presents an automated cow-feeding system based on an AGV and screw conveyor for domestic livestock farms, which are becoming larger and more commercialized. The system includes a hopper module for loading pellet-type mixed feed at the top of the system, a transfer module mounted with a screw conveyor to transfer feed from the hopper module to the outlet module, an outlet module composed of belt conveyors, and an electromagnetic guided driving-type AGV. The weight of the loaded feed is measured by a load cell located under the transfer module. The system reads the feed discharge information stored in RFID tags installed in each cowshed cell, and a predetermined amount of feed is discharged while the AGV is moving. A cow-feed test system was constructed to determine the design parameters of the screw conveyor in the transfer module that determine the feeding capacity. These parameters include the screw's outer diameter, the screw shaft outer diameter, and screw pitch. The parameters were applied to the finalized cow-feed system construction. A DSP-based main controller and cow-feeding algorithm for different scenarios were also developed to control the system. Experimental results confirmed that the system could supply a total of 21 kg of feed uniformly at 420 g/s for a cowshed cell which has 7 cows. The driving distance was 5 m and the speed was 0.1 m/s. Thus, the proposed system could be applied to standardized domestic livestock farms.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.409-420
• /
• 2003

This experiment was carried out to investigate effects of fermented feedstuff added Saccharomyces cerevisiae(FFSC) on growth performance and carcass grade of growing Hanwoo bulls. Twenty six Hanwoo bulls averaging 230$\pm$24kg were randomly assigned within two dietary treatments which were control and FFSC. Average daily gain and feed intake were significantly higher in FFSC compared with control during growing, fattening and finishing period. Feed conversion was improved in FFSC compared with control during fattening and finishing period. During the whole experimental period, average daily gains were 1.06 and 0.98kg in FFSC and control, respectively, and it indicated that 19% was improved in FFSC compared with control(P<0.05). Feed intake was not significantly different between treatments during whole experimental period. In addition, feed conversion was not significantly different between treatments, there was a tendency to be beneficially increased about 7% in FFSC compared with control. There was no differences on yield traits including carcass weight, dressing, back fat thickness, rib-eye area and meat production between treatments. Marbling score was improved in FFSC compared with control(P<0.05). Appearances of ‘A’ ranked meat quantity were 44.4 and 25.0% in FFSC and control, respectively. Only FFSC had ‘1’ ranked appearance, but there was no ‘1’ ranked appearance in the control.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.671-682
• /
• 2006

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Ca levels and some feed additives such as isoflavone and casein phosphopeptide (CPP) on eggshell quality and hatching egg production in aged egg-type breeder hens. A total of three hundred and sixty, 56-week-old Hy-Line Brown breeder hens were divided into six groups and fed experimental diets of two levels of Ca (3.3% or 3.6%) either with addition of 0.2% isoflavone, 0.5% CPP or devoid of all for 5 weeks. There were no significant differences in laying performances and settable egg production among the groups. Significant increases (P<0.05) in eggshell strength were observed with increasing dietary Ca and addition of isoflavone, but not with addition of CPP. Fertility and hatchability were not influenced by dietary Ca and addition of isoflavone or CPP. The treatment had few significant effects on tibial proximal compositions and breaking strength. The concentrations of Ca, P, estrogen and calcitonin in serum were not affected by the dietary treatments. These results indicated that relatively high level of dietary Ca in combination with isoflavone had a beneficial effect on improving eggshell quality in aged egg-type breeder hens. But hatching egg production was not affected by dietary isoflavone or CPP.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.1-4
• /
• 2009

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding rate on growth and body composition of adult flounder during the summer season. Three replicated groups of the fish (initial mean weight of $535{\pm}4.1\;g$) were hand-fed a extruded diet twice a day at the different feeding rates of satiation (100%), 90%, 80% and 70% of satiation for 10 weeks. Mean Water temperature was $19.2{\pm}2.8^{\circ}C$ during the feeding trial. Weight gain and condition factor increased significantly with increase in daily feeding rate (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in weight gain of fish fed the diet between 100% and 90% of satiation. Survival and feed efficiency were not significantly different among all groups. Proximate composition of dorsal muscle was not significantly affected by feeding rate. Based on the results of this study, optimum feeding rate for growth and condition factor of adult flounder (535-928 g) seemed to be 90% of satiation.

• Journal of Aquaculture
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.100-104
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of paprika powder as carotenoid source with three different zooplankton on carotenoid deposition and skin pigmentation of rose bitterling Rhodeus ocellatus. Two replicate groups of fish (initial average weight 0.8 g) were fed the five experimental diets containing 5% paprika (P5) and mixture of 5% paprika with 3% three zooplankton of water flea Moina macrocopa (P5M3), Artemia nauplius Artemia sp. (P5A3) and rotifer Brachionus plicatilis (P5R3) and without supplementation of carotenoid source (Con) for 10 weeks. Survival of fish among the treatments was not affected by dietary supplementation. Total carotenoid contents of whole body in fish fed the diets containing 3% zooplankton was higher than that of fish fed other diets. Especially, the highest total carotenoid contents of whole body was observed in fish fed the P5A3 diet. Similarity, Lightness, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of the fish fed the diets containing 3% zooplankton tended to be higher than that in fish fed control and P5 diets. The apparent color intensity of skin and fin in fish fed the diets containing paprika with Artemia nauplius and rotifer was better than those of fish fed other diets. The results of this study suggest that dietary supplementation of paprika with Artemia nauplius and rotifer can improve skin pigmentation of rose bitterling.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2002

Two experiments were conducted to study the effects of nutrient level and feeding method of split diets for a.m. and p.m. on laying hen performance, feed cost and eggshell quality. In experiment 1, 384 ISA Brown layers of 30∼38wk of age were assigned to four treatments which comprise of three replicates each containing 32 birds. The control(C) was fed a conventional single diet throughout the day and split diet groups(T1, T2 and T3) were offered high energy/protein-low Ca diets, and low energy/protein-high Ca diets in a.m.(04:00∼15:00) and p.m.(15:00∼21:00), respectively. In the split diet groups, daily ME and CP consumption, and feed cost were significantly reduced(P<0.05) compared to the C, while the hen-day egg production, average egg weight and daily feed intake were not different among treatments. Due to the reduced daily ME and CP intakes and feed cost, the conversions of feed, ME, CP and feed cost required per day and per kg egg mass were also significantly improved(P<0.05) in the split diet groups. Eggshell qualities (egg specific gravity, egg breaking strength and eggshell thickness) were improved(P<0.05) by split diet feeding. As the Ca level of the p.m. diet increased. In Experiment 2, 384 ISA Brown layers of 50∼58 wk of age were used in three treatments and each treatment was represented by four replicates each containing 32 birds. The control(C) was fed a conventional single diet throughout the day and split diet group(T1) was offered high energy/protein-low Ca diets, and low energy/protein-high Ca diets in a.m.(04:00∼l5:00) and p.m.(15:00∼21:00), respectively. T2 group was fed the diet mixed (50:50) with the a.m. diets in mash and p.m. diet in pellet used T1 group. In T1 and T2 groups, daily feed intake and average egg weight were significantly reduced(P<0.05) compared to the C, while the hen-day egg production was not influenced by the feeding system. Daily ME and CP consumption, and feed cost were reduced(p.0.05), and the conversions of ME, CP and feed cost required per egg were also significantly improved(P<0.05) in T1 and T2, while the conversions of feed, ME, CP and feed cost required per kg egg mass were not different to the C. Eggshell qualities of T1 and T2 were improved(P<0.05) compared to the others. It was concluded the feed and nutrients consumption, feed cost per day or per kg egg mass could be reduced by introducing split diets for a.m. and p.m. and the feeding method of mixed diet of split diets were also convenient and effective for sparing feed cost and improvement of eggshell quality.