• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.331-343
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• 2005

Development of hydrogen station system is an important technology to commercialize fuel cells and fuel cell powered vehicles. Generally, hydrogen station consists of hydrogen production process including desulfurizer, reformer, water gas shift (WGS) reactor and pressure swing adsorption (PSA) apparatus, and post-treatment process including compressor, storage and distributer. In this review, we investigate the R&D trends and prospects of hydrogen station in domestic and foreign countries for opening the hydrogen economy society. Indeed, the reforming of fossil fuels for hydrogen production will be essential technology until the ultimate process that may be water hydrolysis using renewable energy source such as solar energy, wind force etc, will be commercialized in the future. Hence, we also review the research trends on unit technologies such as the desulfurization, reforming reaction of fossil fuels, water gas shift reaction and hydrogen separation for hydrogen station applications.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to prepare GPTMS((3-Glycidoxypropyl) trimethoxysilane)-SiO₂ nanofluid and analyze the effect of nanofluid injection on carbonate reservoirs. Structural analysis of silica nanoparticles modified by GPTMS was investigated by FTIR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). C-H stretching vibrations at 2,950 cm^-1 indicating the silica surface modification with GPTMS were observed when the silane feed was over 0.5 mmol/g. Also, the coreflooding test by nanofluid injection on the aged limestone and dolomite plug samples was carried out with different particle concentration and flow rate. The incremental oil recovery was up to 18.9%, and contact angle and permeability of carbonate samples were changed by the effect of nanoparticle adsorption on pore which caused wettability alteration and pore size change. Therefore, the prepared nanofluid will be utilized as an injection fluid for enhancing oil recovery and modifying fluid flow properties such as change of rock wettability and permeability in carbonate reservoirs.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.68-73
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• 2019

We prepared hydrophobic silica particles by a sol-gel process from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), followed by coupling the reaction with octyltrimethoxysilane (OTMS) or hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS) under various reaction conditions. We confirmed the extent of silica surface modification with organic compounds by SEM-EDS, thermogravimetry and elemental analysis. The silica particles obtained after the hydrolysis reaction of TEOS in ethanol at $50^{\circ}C$ for 24 h and the coupling reaction with OTMS for 2 h at the same temperature displayed the optimum performance in terms of the dispersity in an organic solvent and the surface roughness of films composited with epoxy resins. The oxygen permeability of the composite film with modified-silica was 12% lower than that of using the film without modified-silica.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.48-59
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• 2016

The earth has been warming due to $CO_2$ gas emissions from fossil fuel cars and a ship. So the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle(FCV) using hydrogen as a fossil fuel alternative energy is in the spotlight. Hyundai Motor Company of Korea and a car companies of the US, Japan, Germany is developing a FCV a competitive. Obtained hydrogen as a by-product of the coke plant, oil refineries, chemical plants of steel mill, coal is reacted with steam at high temperatures, methane gas, manufacture of high purity hydrogen Methane Steam Reforming and hydrogen detachable reforming method using the Pressure Swing Adsorption or Membrane Reforming technical or decomposition of water to produce electricity. Hydrogen is the electronic industry, metal and chemical industries, which are used as rocket fuel, etc. are used in factories, hospitals, home of the fuel Ene.Farm system or FCV. And a method of storing hydrogen is to store liquid hydrogen and a method for compressing normal hydrogen to the hydrogen container, by storing the latest hydride or Organic chemical hydride method is used to carry the hydrogen station. Korea is currently 13 hydrogen stations in place and in operation, plans to install a further 43 places.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.1241-1248
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• 2021

In order to figure out various environmental problems, various governments and companies are investigating more environmentally policies and technologies. In other words, activated carbon is widely used for the adsorption of different harmful gases and waste liquid treatment. However since the required surface properties are different in various industry, depending on the adsorption properties, the development of activated carbon demand in different ways. In this work, we have investigated and developed the activated carbon surface to improve the hydrophilic properties by nitric acid treatment through reforming of activated carbon.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.829-831
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• 2009

폐기물, 석탄 등 다양한 시료의 가스화 반응을 통해서 발생되는 합성가스는 CO, $H_2$, $CO_2$가 주성분으로 가스엔진, 가스터빈 등의 연료로 사용하여 발전하거나 합성반응을 통해 다양한 화학원료로의 전환이 가능하다. 또한 폐기물, 석탄 등의 다양한 원료의 가스화 반응에 의해 발생한 합성가스로부터 F-T(Fischer-Tropsch) 합성을 통한 인조합성석유, Non F-T 합성을 통한 메탄올, DME(Dimethyl Ether) 등을 제조할 수 있으며, 메탄화 반응을 통해 대체천연가스(SNG, Substitute Natural Gas)로 제조하여 활용하는 방안도 가능하다. 또한 현재 상업용 규모의 수소 제조 방법 중에서 가장 경제적인 방법으로 천연가스를 개질하여 CO, $H_2$가 주성분인 합성가스를 만든 다음 수성가스 전환, PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption)통해 $CO_2$와 $H_2$를 분리하여 생산하고 있으나, 천연가스 가격의 상승 및 다양한 시료로부터 향후 경제성 확보가 가능한 수소 제조 방법에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있으며, 석탄 가스화 및 폐기물 가스화를 통해 얻어진 합성가스로부터의 수소 제조 공정이 개발 및 상업화 추진되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐기물 가스화를 통해 발생한 합성가스에 대하여 수성가스 전환 반응을 통한 수소 생산 특성 및 수성가스 전환 반응의 공간속도 변화 및 스팀주입량 변화에 따른 반응 특성을 고찰하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2010

To improve surface wettability, each sample was treated by atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) system. Argon and oxygen gases were used for treatment gas to modify the $TiO_2$ surface by APP with RF power range from 50 to 200 W. Water contact angle was decreased from $20^{\circ}$ to $10^{\circ}$ with argon only. However, water contact angle was decreased from $20^{\circ}$ to < $1^{\circ}$ with mixture of argon and oxygen. Water contact angle with $O_2$ plasma was lower than water contact angle with Ar plasma at the same RF power. It seems to be increasing the polar force of $TiO_2$ surface. Also, analysis result of X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) shows the increase of intensity of O1s shoulder peak, resulting in increasing of surface wettability by APP. Moreover, each water contact angle increased according to increase past time. However, contact angle increase with plasma treatment was lower than without plasma treatment. Additionally, the efficiency of $TiO_2$ photocatalyst was improved by plasma surface-treatment through the degradation experiment of phenol.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2011

The comparison work was conducted for the methanol steam reforming among commercial Cu-based catalysts, viz. ICI-M45, which is for the methanol synthesis, MDC-3 and MDC-7, which are for the water-gas shift reaction. The catalytic activity for the water-gas shift reaction was also compared over three catalysts. Among them, MDC-7 showed the highest methanol conversion and formation rate of hydrogen and carbon dioxide at 473 K for the methanol steam reforming. To find out any promotional effect between ICI-M45 and MDC-7, three different packing methods with these two catalysts were examined. However, no synergistic effect was observed. The catalytic activity for watergas shift reaction decreased in the following order: MDC-7 > MDC-3 > ICI-M45. The highest activity of MDC-7 for the methanol steam reforming as well as the water-gas shift reaction can be due to its high surface area, copper dispersion, and an adequate Cu/Zn ratio.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.388-396
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• 2011

The strengthened regulations for atmospheric emissions from ships have caused a necessity of new, alternative power system in ships for the low pollutant emissions and the high energy efficiency. Recently, new kinds of propulsion power system such as fuel cell system, which use hydrogen as an energy source, have been sincerely considered. Fuel conversion system to hydrogen is an essential part for fuel cell ship. We have investigated thermodynamically the steam reforming characteristics of hydrocarbons and alcohols for the fuel conversion systems.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.735-738
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• 2009

촉매 생산에서 마지막으로 중요한 단계는 촉매성형이다. 여기서 압출성형은 촉매 성형방법 중 저렴하고 비교적 간단한 방법 중 하나이다. 여기서 중요한 것은 바인더의 선택과 입자 사이즈가 가장 중요한 요인이 된다. 촉매 압출성형에서 많이 쓰이는 바인더로 PVA(Polyvinyl Alcohol)와 MC(Methyl Cellulose), CMC(Carboxymethyl Cellulose)가 있다. CMC 바인더의 경우, 촉매의 접착력이 현저히 떨어져 촉매의 바인더로 사용하기 어려웠다. PVA, MC 바인더의 경우, 촉매의 접착력이 우수하고 압출성형이 잘 되었다. 그러나 PVA 바인더의 경우, 열중량 분석을 통해 재 소성과정에서 바인더가 완전히 제거되지 않아서 촉매의 물성 변화 및 활성에 좋지 않은 영향을 주었다. 그러나 MC의 경우에는 재소성과정에서 바인더가 완전히 제거되어 촉매의 물성변화에 영향을 주지 않았으며, 촉매의 활성 변화에도 영향을 주지 않았다. 그래서 메탄 수증기 개질 촉매의 압출 성형에 적합한 바인더로 MC가 적합하다고 판단된다. 그리고 압출용 반죽 제조를 위한 미분쇄된 촉매 입자의 사이즈에서 너무 작은 입자를 사용하게 되면 반죽은 잘 되나 촉매의 물성변화로 인해 촉매 활성이 저하되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그래서 볼밀로 정밀하게 입자 사이즈를 $10{\mu}m$ 이하로 조절하면 촉매 활성에 영향이 거의 없는 압출성형 촉매를 제조할 수 있다.