• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.488-498
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• 2009

The characteristics of intercity rail network are different from those of public transit network in urban area. In this paper, we proposed a new transit assignment model which is generalized form of deterministic assignment model by introducing line selection probability on route section. This model consider various characteristics of intercity rail and simplify network expansion for appling search algorithms developed in road assignment model. We showed the model availability by comparing with existing models using virtual networks. The tests on a small scale network show that this model is superior to existing models for predicting intercity rail demand.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.163-173
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• 2014

Sound propagation algorithm for a sonar simulator is required to run in real-time and should be able to model the range and depth dependence of the Korean ocean environments. Ray model satisfies these requirements and we developed an algorithm for range-dependent ocean environments. In this algorithm, we considered depth-dependence of sound speed through rays based on a rectangular cell method and layer method. Range-dependence of sound speed was implemented based on a split-step method in the range direction. Eigen-ray is calculated through an interpolation of ray bundles and Gaussian interpolation function was used. The received time signal of sonar was simulated by Fourier transform of eigen-ray solution in the frequency domain. Finally, for the verification of proposed algorithm, we compared the results of transmission loss with other validated models such as BELLHOP, SNUPE, KRAKEN and OASES, for the Pekeris waveguide, wedge, and deep ocean environments. As a result, we obtained satisfactory agreements among them.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.493-499
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• 2007

The Taylor expansion expresses a differentiable function and its coefficients provide good approximations for the given function and its derivatives. In this study, m-th order Taylor Polynomial is constructed and the coefficients are computed by the Moving Least Squares method. The coefficients are applied to the governing partial differential equation for solid problems including crack problems. The discrete system of difference equations are set up based on the concept of point collocation. The developed method effectively overcomes the shortcomings of the finite difference method which is dependent of the grid structure and has no approximation function, and the Galerkin-based meshfree method which involves time-consuming integration of weak form and differentiation of the shape function and cumbersome treatment of essential boundary.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.779-787
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• 2007

This paper presents a highly efficient moving least squares finite difference method (MLS FDM) for a heat transfer problem of bi-material with interfacial boundary. The MLS FDM directly discretizes governing differential equations based on a node set without a grid structure. In the method, difference equations are constructed by the Taylor polynomial expanded by moving least squares method. The wedge function is designed on the concept of hyperplane function and is embedded in the derivative approximation formula on the moving least squares sense. Thus interfacial singular behavior like normal derivative jump is naturally modeled and the merit of MLS FDM in fast derivative computation is assured. Numerical experiments for heat transfer problem of bi-material with different heat conductivities show that the developed method achieves high efficiency as well as good accuracy in interface problems.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.331-335
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• 2010

Previous low-energy time synchronization methods have mainly focused on reducing the number of transmission or reception packets. However, this paper proposes a method that reduces the percentage of time a node has to be awake (the duty cycle), assuming that a periodic sleep-wake cycle is used to conserve energy. Based on our experience with actual WSN devices, a system model is proposed, and the potential performance of the proposed method, with different parameter values, is analyzed. To further demonstrate the feasibility of our method, experiments were conducted using nine WSN devices in a $3{\times}3$ grid network topology. The results show the average synchronization error is 107.57 $\mu{s}$ in duty cycle 5% and synchronization period 10 sec, and 130 $\mu{s}$ in duty cycle 2.5% and synchronization period 20 sec.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.879-879
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• 2012

강우현상의 공간적 변동성에 대한 해석은 수자원 계획 및 관리를 위해 중요한 관심사가 되고 있다. 일반적으로 우리가 얻을 수 있는 강우자료는 한 지점에 설치되어 있는 우량계에 의한 관측된 지점강우량자료이다. 기존의 집중형 수문모형이 유출과정의 공간적인 분포 및 변화를 유역단위로 평균화해서 취급하는 개념기반의 모형임에 반해서 분포형 수문모형은 유역을 수문학적으로 균일한 매개변수를 갖는 소유역 또는 격자망으로 구분하여 적용하는 것으로, 도시화 등 토지이용의 변화나 기타 유역내의 물리적인 특성의 변화가 수문과정에 미치는 영향을 잘 모의할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 Vflo$^{TM}$ 분포형 강우-유출 모형과 IDW, Ordinary Kriging, Thiessen 등의 강우 분포 기법을 이용하여 낙동강 제 1지류인 금호강의 동촌 수위관측소 유역($1,544km^2$)을 출구로 하여 강우-유출모의를 하였다. 이를 위하여 강우-유출에 영향을 주는 매개변수를 선정하고 동촌 수위관측소의 실측 유량자료를 바탕으로 하여 IDW, Kriging, Thiessen 등의 면적강우량 산정방법별로 모형의 보정(2007, 2009) 및 검증(2010)을 실시하였다. 모의 된 유출량과 실측유량의 상관성은 결정계수 $R^2$에서 IDW 과 Kriging의 경우 0.95 ~ 0.99의 상관성을 나타냈으며 Thiessen 의 경우 0.94 ~ 0.99의 값을 나타냈다. Nash-Sutcliffe 모형효율은 IDW의 경우 0.95 ~ 0.98, Kriging의 경우 0.94 ~ 0.99를 나타냈으며 Thiessen의 경우는 0.90 ~ 0.98의 모형효율을 나타내었다. 이때 포화투수계수와 조도계수가 전체 유량과 첨두시간에 영향을 주었다. 호우사상을 선정하여 검보정을 실시 한 결과, 유역의 유출 모의를 수행하였을 때 선행강우량에 따라서 토양의 침투능에 영향을 많이 주고 있기 때문에, 선행 토양함수조건(Antecedent Moisture Condition: AMC)으로 분류한 뒤에 AMC 조건에 따라서 유출-모의를 수행하는 것이 타당하다고 판단된다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.288-301
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• 2002

A vacuum freeze drying experiment of skim milk solution in a cylindrical container is conducted to investigate the multi-dimensional drying characteristics of the process during the primary drying stage. Temperature histories at several positions are measured under the same process condition that is carefully controlled. Then the measured temperature histories at different positions are combined to produce instantaneous temperature distribution fields inside the cylindrical container. Along with the temperature measurement, the mass reduction history of the skim milk solution is also measured. From the measured temperature distribution curved configurations of sublimation interfaces and 2-dimensional heat transfer is inferred. The freeze drying under the present experimental setup is simulated with a calculation program that is based on a finite volume method with a moving grid system. Good agreements between the numerical and experimental results are observed. The present experimental results and the numerical approaches can be useful information in developing the analysis tools for practical vacuum freeze drying processes.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.205-213
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• 2019

Network robustness is one of the most important characteristics needed as the network. Over the military tactical communication network, robustness is a key function for maintaining attack phase constantly. Tactical Information Communication Network, called TICN, has mixed characteristics of lattice- and tree-type network topology, which looks somewhat weak in the viewpoint of network robustness. In this paper, we search articulation points and bridges in a current Tactical Information Communication Network using graph theory. To improve the weak points empirically searched, we try to add links to create the concrete network and then observe the change of network-based verification values through diminishing nodes. With these themes, we evaluate the generated networks through SNA techniques. Experimental results show that the generated networks' robustness is improved compared with current network structure.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 2020

Marine Spatial Planning is an emerging strategy that promoting sustainable development at coastal and marine areas based on the concept of ecosystem services. Regarding its methodology, usage rate of resources and its impact should be considered in the process of spatial planning. Particularly, considering the rapid increase of coastal tourism, visitation pattern is required to be identified across coastal areas. However, actions to quantify visitation pattern have been limited due to its required high cost and labor for conducting extensive field-study. In this regard, this study aimed to pose the usage of social big data in Marine Spatial Planning to identify spatial visitation density and critical management zone throughout coastal areas. We suggested the usage of GPS information from Flickr and Twitter, and evaluated the critical management zone by applying spatial statistics and density analysis. This study's results clearly showed the coastal areas having relatively high visitors in the southern sea of South Korea. Applied Flickr and Twitter information showed high correlation with field data, when proxy excluding over-estimation was applied and appropriate grid-scale was identified in assessment approach. Overall, this study offers insights to use social big data in Marine Spatial Planning for reflecting size and usage rate of coastal tourism, which can be used to designate conservation area and critical zones forintensive management to promote constant supply of cultural services.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.193-210
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• 2013

This study aims to assess the slope stability variation of Jeollabuk-do drainage areas by RCM model outputs based on A1B climate change scenario and infinite slope stability model based on the specific catchment area concept. For this objective, we downscaled RCM data in time and space: from watershed scale to rain gauge scale in space and from monthly data to daily data in time and also developed the GIS-based infinite slope stability model based on the concept of specific catchment area to calculate spatially-distributed wetness index. For model parameterization, topographic, geologic, forestry digital map were used and model parameters were set up in format of grid cells($90m{\times}90m$). Finally, we applied the future daily rainfall data to the infinite slope stability model and then assess slope stability variation under the climate change scenario. This research consists of two papers: the first paper focuses on the methodologies of climate change scenario preparation and infinite slope stability model development.