• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.747-784
• /
• 2014

Many countries have implemented a variety of climate and energy policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and expand renewable energy production. The ultimate goals of those policies are associated with transition to a low-carbon economy that aims to combat climate change and economic growth. This study aims to examine empirically if the countries which implement overlapping climate policies and renewable energy policies show additional reduction of the GHG emissions than the countries which implement single climate or renewable energy policy. The result shows that overlapping policies contribute to reduce additional GHG but not all cases. In particular, only overlapping policies mixing 'ETS and RPS(renewable portfolio standards)' and 'Carbon Tax and FIT(Feed-in Tariff)' can lead to additional reduction of GHG emissions.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.169-205
• /
• 2021

This study quantitatively analyzes the impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction policies on the global economy. To this end, we develop a multi-national and multi-industry static computational general equilibrium model that includes three components-GHG emissions from production, disutility due to GHG emissions, and governments' GHG emissions reduction policies. Then we calibrate the model with the relevant data and solve for the equlibrium using the most recent methodology (exact hat algebra). We find that the strengthening of unilateral GHG emissions reduction policies for each country reduces carbon emissions from domestic producers, but does not necessarily reduce global carbon emissions as production is relocated to other countries. On the other hand, we can reduce GHG emissions when all major countries simultaneously implement the strengthened reduction policies proposed by the OECD (2016). Our results imply that aligned reduction efforts of major countries are necessary to reduce global GHG emissions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study is to establish a methodology for evaluating quantitative effects of transportation GHG (greenhouse gas) reduction-related policies that were implemented based on the reduction goals of transportation GHG and effective implementation plans. This study uses a modal utility function and demand estimation models as well as a GHG emission basic unit estimation model by each transportation mode based on actual traffic and emission data. The results showed that the effects of GHG reduction policies such as electric vary from region to region, and from vehicle to vehicle. It is also confirmed that an eco-drive promotion policy, one of the lowest budget policies, is expected to contribute to high reduction in GHG. In addition, not only automobile emission improvement policies but also the promotion policies of public transportation are expected to highly reduce GHG as confirmed quantitatively in this study. The results of this study are expected to be useful for national and local governments' evaluation of GHG reduction policies to cope with the post 2020.

• The tire
• /
• s.233
• /
• pp.18-21
• /
• 2007

2008년부터 유럽연합국가, 일본, 러시아 등은 2012년 연간온실가스 배출량을 평균적으로 1990년의 배출량보다 약5%정도 낮은 수준으로 제한하여야 한다. 이러한 온실가스 배출량 감축을 위해서 선진국들은 국내적으로는 에너지효율향상, 신재생에너지 보급확대 등의 정책을 시행하고 있으며, 이를 보다 낮은 비용으로 감축하기 위하여 국내 또는 역내 온실 가스배출권 거래제도를 도입하여 시행하고 있다. 이들 국가들은 국내정책만으로는 최소의 비용으로 온실가스 감축목표를 달성할 수 없다는 인식하에 동유럽국가, 그리고 중국 등 개발도상국들에 대한 온실가스 감축사업에 투자를 하여 온실가스 감축의 일부 또는 전부를 자국의 감축실적으로 인정받는 공동이행체제(joint implementation), 청정개발체제(clean development mechanism)사업을 전개하고 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.32 no.9
• /
• pp.809-817
• /
• 2010

Reducing emissions across all sectors requires a well-designed policies tailored to fit specific national circumstances. And every climate policymaker would like to have an accurate method of assessing the quantitative impacts of future policies to address GHG-related problems. Estimates of future changes in a nation's GHG emissions, the expected environmental impacts of future energy sector developments, and the potential costs and benefits of different climate technology and mitigation policy options are desirable inputs to policy making. Various mitigation analysis and modeling approaches helped to fill the needs for these kinds of information, and as such has been an important part of national mitigation policy making in many countries for most of two decades. This paper provides a overview of GHG mitigation policies and mitigation analysis, and sectoral mitigation circumstances and potentials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2019.11a
• /
• pp.139-140
• /
• 2019

세계경제는 인류의 지속가능한 성장을 위해 2020년을 기점으로 저탄소 경제체제에서 무탄소(에미션 제로·Emission Zero) 경제체제로 변화를 꾀하고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 변화는 해운분야에서도 예외가 아니다. 국제해사기구에서 선박온실가스 규제라고 할 수 있는 에너지효율 규정이 해양오염방지협약 부속서 6의 제4장(에너지 효율관리)으로 2011년 개정·채택된 것을 시작으로 최근 2030년까지 40%감축, 2050년까지 50% 감축이라는 온실가스 감축목표를 설정하여 본격적인 온실가스 감축을 위해 노력하고 있다. IMO는 감축목표를 달성하기 위한 단기조치, 중·장기 조치를 2023년까지 완성한다는 목표를 설정하고 장애요인 분석, 국가별 영향평가, 역량강화 및 기술지원과 연구개발에 관한 로드맵을 포함한 최종 전략 수립을 진행하고 있으나 문제는 국제해사기구(IMO) 2030 온실가스 감축목표 달성은 현재 사용되고 있는 화석연료로는 불가능하기 때문에 선박추진 연료로써 수소, 연료전지, 메탄올 등 대체에너지 개발을 대폭 지원하는 국가의 정책전환이 시급하며 이를 구체화할 수 있는 정책개발이 시급하다.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.923-946
• /
• 2007

The goal of this study is to analyse the effects of financial support by governmental on KERRP (Korea Emission Reduction Registration Project) in the case of descending clock auction. Result shows that about 60% of total reduction (612,000ton) can be achieved at the price of 8,000 Won/ton with the budget amount of 5 billion Won, if the benefit from energy saving by the project is not included. Also 100% of total reduction (1,015,713ton) can be achieved at the price of 4,900Won/ton, if the benefit from energy saving by the project is included. Because most projects get some benefits from the energy saving occurred by project performance, the financial support by government may not be needed. However, this type of support would be meaningful from the aspect of encouraging GHG (Green House Gas) reduction to be prepared for the potential obligation of national GHG reduction from 2013.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.114-129
• /
• 2016

Since the release of mid-term domestic GHG goals until 2020, in 2009, some various GHG reduction policies have been proposed to reduce the emission rate about 30% compared to BAU scenario. There are two types of modeling approaches for identifying options required to meet greenhouse gas (GHG) abatement targets and assessing their economic impacts: top-down and bottom-up models. Examples of the bottom-up optimization models include MARKAL, MESSAGE, LEAP, and AIM, all of which are developed based on linear programming (LP) with a few differences in user interface and database utilization. The bottom-up model for electric sector requires demand management, regeneration energy mix, fuel conversation, etc., thus it has a very complex aspect to estimate some various policies. In this paper, we suggest a bottom-up BAU model for electric sector and how we can build it through step-by-step procedures such that includes load region, hydro-dam and pumping storage.

• Bulletin of Korea Environmental Preservation Association
• /
• s.418
• /
• pp.16-18
• /
• 2015

온실가스 감축목표의 달성을 위한 정책은 에너지 가격구조의 개선을 통해 국가 경제의 탄소 집약도를 낮추고 에너지 효율을 제고하는 방향으로 추진되어야 할 것이다. 우리나라는 대규모 배출권에 대하여 배출권 거래제를 시행하고 있으므로, 이를 보완하는 차원에서 배출권 거래제의 적용을 받지 않는 배출원에 대하여 탄소세를 부과하는 정책을 추진할 필요가 있다. 온실가스 감축을 위한 규제(탄소세, 배출권 거래제 등)는 기존세제 구조의 왜곡을 해소하거나 교역조건 개선 효과가 클 경우 경제성장에도 긍정적 영향을 미칠 수 있다.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.8-12
• /
• 2011

For reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the short-term strategy is of existing energy-efficient appliances to facilitate the spread of energy efficiency improvements to improve energy efficiency, energy saving projects that will include investments to enable. R&D is at the core of the long-term strategy. To reduce energy demand, the equipments and processes improved energy efficiency should be developed. In terms of energy supply, the policies for greenhouse gas reduction is to replace fossil fuels by expanding the supply of renewable energy such as solar, wind, geothermal, biomass and nuclear power as nearly zero-emission of greenhouse gas. In terms of energy consumption, measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is in line with the policy for efficiency improvement. The buildings & work-site of high-energy consumption in the building & Industry sectors, should implement a policy to strengthening the voluntary agreement on energy-saving facilities and expand to invest in energy saving facilities.