• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1968

정맥에 주사된 교양(膠樣) 방사성물질은 간(肝)에 있는 Kupffer 세포가 가진 탐식작용에 의해서 혈류로 부터 거의 완전히 제거된다. 이 원리는 정상인(正常入)과 간(肝)경변증환자에서 간(肝)혈류량을 측정하는데 이용된다. 일반적으로 간(肝)경변증때에는 간(肝)에서의 교양물질 추출율이 저하되기 때문에 혈중에서의 제거가 늦어진다하며, Shaldon 등은 혈중제거율측정을 이용하여, 추출율의 저하가 간내(肝內)에서 생기는 동맥과 정맥간의 단락(短絡) 때문에 초래되는 것을 증명하였다. 최근 혈중제거율을 몇가지 간(肝)질환을 진단하는데 이용한 보고가 나왔다. 그러나 그 방법에 대한 상세한 검토가 없었던 것 같다. 저자는 이번 연구에서 손쉽게 얻을 수 있는 교양$^{198}$금(金)을 사용하여 교양물질의 혈중제거율 측정방법을 검토하여 이 검사가 임상에서 통상적(通常的)으로 쓰일 수 있음을 밝혔다. (1) 정상인과 환자가 섞인 52명을 대상으로 동일인에서 $24{\sim}48$ 시간 간격을 두고 반복측정한 혈중제거율치의 오차는 통계학적으로 무시할 수 있었으며, 따라서 이측정은 근소한 오차한계내에서 되풀이할 수 있는 것을 알았다. (2) 정상인 172명에서 얻은 측정치를 토대로 하여 혈중제거율 정상치가 $3.31{\pm}0.73$분임을 알았다(교양 금(金) 입자의 크기에 따라 이 측청치는 달라진다). (3) 조직검사로 진단이 확정된 간(肝)경변증환자 23명을 조사하여 91.3%에서 혈중제거율이 정상한계를 넘어 연장(延長)되는 것을 알았다. 결론으로 혈중제거율검사는 임상에서 손쉽게 실시할 수 있는 간(肝)기능검사가 될 수 있다고 생각되며, 특히 간(肝)경변증을 진단하는데 도움이 된다고 믿는다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.789-791
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• 2009

Tuberculoma of the lungs is not an uncommon finding, but an ectopic liver in the lung is extremely rare. Pulmonary tuberculosis presenting as tuberculoma can be diagnosed radiologically, but its definite diagnosis is established by confirmation of the acid-fast bacillus or the unique histology. We report here on a case of tuberculoma of the left lower lobe that was erroneously diagnosed as ectopic liver by ultrasono-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy. An understanding of the normal variants of the liver can prevent a patient from undergoing an unnecessary invasive procedure.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.103-111
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• 2006

Purpose: Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis (SCCH) is a disease of unknown etiology, which is characterized by periosteal reaction and endosteal hyperossification of the sternum, clavicles and upper ribs as well as ossification of the surrounding soft tissue. SCCH is a well recognized but uncommon condition which is important differential diagnosis to consider to avoid misdiagnosis and to differentiate the condition from malignant process. But few studies have reported long-term clinical result of SCCH. We report long-term clinical result of SCCH. Materials and Methods: From 1986 to 2000, 17 cases of SCCH were followed up over two to 14 years. We evaluated the radiologic, pathologic and clinical results. Results: Four men and thirteen women were studied. The age when first symptom appeared were raged from17 to 60(average-48.7) There are no specific bacteriological, serological or histological finding. Usually a permanent increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is found. The radiological examination showed the signs of proliferate destructive arthritis in most case. The majority of patients respond to NSAIDs and antibiotics. Conclusion: Sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis is uncommon benign condition, but important condition in the differential diagnosis of inflammatory or malignant process of this joint.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.175-178
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• 2010

A 5-year-old male Cocker spaniel was presented with an abrupt seizure episode. The dog was moderately dehydrated, hypersalivation and loss of consciousness at the presentation. Tentative diagnosis was made through history taking, clinical signs, physical examination, neurologic examination, basic laboratory examinations, radiological examination and cytologic examination. In addition, serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) value was measured to diagnose in this case. The serum AFP concentration was marked elevated (1513.5 ng/ml). The patient was suspected as HCC and medical therapy was initiated to control hypoglycemic-associated seizure. However, the dog was euthanized because of the owner's request. It was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the histopathologic examination. This case indicates that AFP measurement might be valuable to diagnose HCC in dogs.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.1031-1038
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• 1998

Background: Most of malignant pleural effusions are serous but 8-33% of them are bloody. We wanted to evaluate the relationships between gross appearance and pleural CEA level or results of histocytology in malignancy associated pleural effusions. We also tried to reevaluate the meaning of CEA measurement in histocytologically proved or unproved malignancy associated pleural effusions. Methods: We studied 98 cases of malignancy associated pleural effusions, 50 cases of histocytologically proven malignant effusions and 48 cases of histocytologically unproven paramalignant effusions. We had observed gross appearance and conventional laboratory values and CEA levels for pleural effusions. Results: 44.9% of malignancy associated effusions were bloody(63.6% of bloody effusions were histocytologically proven malignant effusion). 65.0% of malignancy associated pleural effusions which have RBCs numbers over $100,000/mm^3$ were cytologically proven malignant effusions. 72.7% of cytologically proven malignant effusions had increased pleural fluid CEA level over 10 ng/ml. 58.2% of cases with pleural CEA over 10 ng/ml had positive results in pleural bistocytology. There was no definable relationships between pleural fluid CEA elevation and RBCs numbers and results of pleural fluid cytology. Conclusion: About half of the cases with malignancy associated pleural effusions were bloody. Histocytologically proven malignant effusions were more common in bloody effusion than non-bloody effusion(63.6% Vs 38.9%). But increased red blood cell numbers was not associated with positivity of pleural histocytology. Pleural fluid CEA elevation(over 10 ng/ml) was not correlated with positive pleural histocytology. But pleural fluid CEA elevation was rare in nonmalignant pleural effusions, and than pleural CEA measurement in uncertain pleural effusions maybe helpful to distinguishes its origin.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.417-424
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• 2019

Despite its superior ability to show distinct cellular morphology and for long-term storage, conventional tissue fixation by formalin has many drawback, including slower fixation, the exposure to harmful chemicals and extensive protein modification. Herein, we assessed the effects of rapid microwave-assisted tissue fixation on histological examination and on protein integrity by comparing these microwave irradiation fixated tissues with the formalin-fixed tissues. One of the paired mouse tissues (liver and kidney) was fixed in formalin and the other was fixed by using microwave irradiation in phosphate buffered saline. Each slide from the paraffin-embedded tissues was examined by H & E staining for the adequacy of fixation and by immunohistochemical staining for antigenicity in a blinded fashion. Evaluation of protein recovery and the protein quality from the fixed tissues were analyzed by the BCA method and Western blotting, respectively. The results from H & E staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that the sections obtained from microwave-fixed tissues under our experimental conditions were comparable to those of the formalin-fixed tissues except for the integrity of RBCs. Furthermore, proteins were effectively extracted from the microwave-fixed tissues with acceptable preservation of the proteins' quality. Taken together, this microwave-assisted tissue processing yields a quick fixation and better protein recovery in higher amounts, as well as the adequacy of fixation and the antigenicity being comparable to formalin-fixed tissues, and this all suggests that this new fixation technique can be applied in an environment where rapid tissue fixation is required.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.72-76
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• 2006

A 1-year-old, female English cocker spaniel (ECS) dog was presented with 3-month history of vomiting and retaking of the vomitus, and chronic weight loss. The client had noticed mild abdominal distension 10 days before. The dog was diagnosed as chronic hepatitis with hepatic cirrhosis based on complete blood count (CBC), serum chemistry profiles, radiography, ascites assessment, bile acid evaluation, and liver biopsy through exploratory laparotomy and necropsy. CBC and serum chemistry profiles revealed mild anemia, slightly elevated hepatic enzymes (ALT and AST), increased creatinine kinase (CK), hyperammonemia, and hypoproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia. Ascites was transudate according to analysis of components. Bile acid assessment (fasting; $174.4{\mu}mol/L$ and postprandial; $198.4{\mu}mol/L$) showed strongly suspected hepatic insufficiency. On radiological findings, ascites was evident. Atrophied liver (especially left side lobes) and distended mesenteric vasculatures were observed by exploratory laparotomy. Histopathological examination of marginal lesion of left lateral lobe of liver by biopsy revealed the necrosis of hepatic cells, dilation of sinusoids, infiltration of neutrophils in sinusoids, and vacuolation of hepatic cytoplasm. The patient had been managed with careful low protein diet and specific supportive therapy (ursodeoxycholic acid, prednisolone, vitamine E, and interferon). Vomiting and ascites disappeared with medical management. The dog was monitored periodically by CBC, serum chemistry and radiographic examination. The dog survived more 18 months with medical therapy. After spontaneous death, necropsy and histopathologic examination were performed.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.1007-1015
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• 2002

Purpose : The aim of this study is to find a method to diagnose and treat children who showed benign hemophagocytic histiocytes in bone marrow examination. Methods : We analyzed the clinical data of thirty patients retrospectively who showed benign hemophagocytic histiocytes in bone marrow examination from January 1995 to November 2001 at Keimyung University Dong-san Hospital. Bone marrow histiocytes were classified into a few, some, and many according to the number of histiocytes comparing with the white cells. Results : The age of thirty patients ranged from two months to 15 years. The median age was 5.6 years with male predominance(2.3 : 1). The most frequent clinical manifestation was fever; others were respiratory symptom, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and skin rash(in order of frequency). Common laboratory findings were leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and abnormal liver function test. Infection was present in 30 patients; causative organisms were documented in 15 patients, and bacterial infection was more common. Epstein Barr virus was the cause of infection in four patients. Bone marrow examination showed a few(20.0%), some(75.0%) and many(30.0%) hemophagocytic histiocytes. Combination immunochemotherapy including immunoglobulin, steroids and cyclosporine were helpful in 22 out of 30 patients. The mortality rate was high in young patients who showed some to many hemophagocytic histiocytes. Conclusion : Bone marrow examinations and early detection of histiocytes will be helpful in children who have fever, hepatosplenomegaly and abnormal liver function test. Immunochemotherapy were helpful and further investigation will be needed for the detection of the relationship between the bone marrow findings and prognosis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.342-346
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• 2006

Pulmonary tuberculomas show variable responses to treatment, with some even increasing in size after treatment. To date, however, no data have been reported on the response of tumorous type of endobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB-T) to treatment observed both bronchoscopically and histologically. We report a case of bacteriologically- and biopsy-proven EBTB-T that showed delayed response to anti-tuberculosis treatment. Even after EBTB-T was treated with antituberculosis drugs for 15 months, the bronchoscopic findings and the histologic findings of chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis still remained. However, in fourteen months after the completion of treatment, the lesioneventually disappeared without further treatment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.555-559
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• 2020

In order to examine the toxicity of palatinose-L (Pal-L) bioconverted from sucrose, we performed a 14-consecutive day toxicity study with male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. We recorded clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, organ weights, hematology, blood biochemical, urinalysis, histological changes in organs, such as the liver and kidneys, and clinical chemistry analysis data for all SD rats. There were no significant changes in food/water consumption, body weight, and organ weights during the experimental period. Although there were some hematologic and urinalysis alterations, these changes were not considered toxicologically significant. In addition, histopathological examination of the liver and kidneys revealed no abnormal or toxicological changes between the control and Pal-L-treated rats of both sexes. Collectively, these results suggest that Pal-L was not indicated to have any toxicity in the SD rats when it was orally administered up to a dose of 1,000 mg/kg/day for 14 days.