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http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2019.20.8.417

Effects of histochemical staining in microwave-irradiated tissues  

Lee, Yoon-Jin (Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Lee, Sang-Han (Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society / v.20, no.8, 2019 , pp. 417-424 More about this Journal
Abstract
Despite its superior ability to show distinct cellular morphology and for long-term storage, conventional tissue fixation by formalin has many drawback, including slower fixation, the exposure to harmful chemicals and extensive protein modification. Herein, we assessed the effects of rapid microwave-assisted tissue fixation on histological examination and on protein integrity by comparing these microwave irradiation fixated tissues with the formalin-fixed tissues. One of the paired mouse tissues (liver and kidney) was fixed in formalin and the other was fixed by using microwave irradiation in phosphate buffered saline. Each slide from the paraffin-embedded tissues was examined by H & E staining for the adequacy of fixation and by immunohistochemical staining for antigenicity in a blinded fashion. Evaluation of protein recovery and the protein quality from the fixed tissues were analyzed by the BCA method and Western blotting, respectively. The results from H & E staining and immunohistochemical staining showed that the sections obtained from microwave-fixed tissues under our experimental conditions were comparable to those of the formalin-fixed tissues except for the integrity of RBCs. Furthermore, proteins were effectively extracted from the microwave-fixed tissues with acceptable preservation of the proteins' quality. Taken together, this microwave-assisted tissue processing yields a quick fixation and better protein recovery in higher amounts, as well as the adequacy of fixation and the antigenicity being comparable to formalin-fixed tissues, and this all suggests that this new fixation technique can be applied in an environment where rapid tissue fixation is required.
Keywords
Microwave; Formalin; Tissue Fixation; H & E staining; Immunohistochemical Staining;
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